{"title":"Demonstration of a home energy management system with smart thermostat control","authors":"A. Saha, M. Kuzlu, M. Pipattanasomporn","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2013.6497866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2013.6497866","url":null,"abstract":"A home energy management (HEM) system has the potential to enable demand response (DR) implementation for residential customers. This paper presents a detailed hardware architecture that allows control of an air conditioning (AC) unit by varying the thermostat set point. This can be accomplished by controlling a Wi-Fi enabled thermostat via an HEM system. The hardware demonstration of the proposed architecture is also discussed. This work showcases the applicability of the HEM system in managing an AC unit through a smart thermostat control. This approach can serve as an alternative to allowing an electric utility to perform remote disconnect to AC units. Controlling an AC unit by adjusting the thermostat set point can ensure lower average power consumption of the AC unit during a demand response period, along with better temperature control and improved equipment lifetime.","PeriodicalId":268687,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133193533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimum design and analysis of the cooperative control, applied to the distributed generators control in smart grids","authors":"A. Maknouninejad, Wei Lin, Z. Qu","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2013.6497840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2013.6497840","url":null,"abstract":"Recently cooperative control has been proposed as a dynamic and self organizing control mechanism for distributed generators (DGs) control in the smart grids. Cooperative control has the advantage that it can properly manage and coordinate a high penetration of DGs to satisfy multiple power objectives. In a smart grid, the communication topology is restricted by the geographical distribution of the system and the range of the communication devices. This paper provides the process to optimally design the cooperative control, utilizing an available communication network. The effect of the communication frequency and topology on the convergence rate and the dynamic performance of the system is also presented. Finally, the simulation results for a case of study are provided.","PeriodicalId":268687,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114531565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Maheshwari, Marcus Lim, Lydia Wang, K. Birman, R. V. Renesse
{"title":"Toward a reliable, secure and fault tolerant smart grid state estimation in the cloud","authors":"K. Maheshwari, Marcus Lim, Lydia Wang, K. Birman, R. V. Renesse","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2013.6497831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2013.6497831","url":null,"abstract":"The collection and prompt analysis of synchrophasor measurements is a key step towards enabling the future smart power grid, in which grid management applications would be deployed to monitor and react intelligently to changing conditions. The potential exists to slash inefficiencies and to adaptively reconfigure the grid to take better advantage of renewables, coordinate and share reactive power, and to reduce the risk of catastrophic large-scale outages. However, to realize this potential, a number of technical challenges must be overcome. We describe a continuously active, timely monitoring framework that we have created, architected to support a wide range of grid-control applications in a standard manner designed to leverage cloud computing. Cloud computing systems bring significant advantages, including an elastic, highly available and cost-effective compute infrastructure well-suited for this application. We believe that by showing how challenges of reliability, timeliness, and security can be addressed while leveraging cloud standards, our work opens the door for wider exploitation of the cloud by the smart grid community. This paper characterizes a PMU-based state-estimation application, explains how the desired system maps to a cloud architecture, identifies limitations in the standard cloud infrastructure relative to the needs of this use-case, and then shows how we adapt the basic cloud platform options with sophisticated technologies of our own to achieve the required levels of usability, fault tolerance, and parallelism.","PeriodicalId":268687,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123705628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Real-time thevenin impedance computation","authors":"S. Sommer, H. Jóhannsson","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2013.6497824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2013.6497824","url":null,"abstract":"Stable and secure operation of power systems becomes increasingly difficult when a large share of the power production is based on distributed and non-controllable renewable energy sources. Real-time stability assessment is dependent on very fast computation of different properties of the grid operating state, and strict time constraints are difficult to adhere to as the complexity of the grid increases. Several suggested approaches for real-time stability assessment require Thevenin impedances to be determined for the observed system conditions. By combining matrix factorization, graph reduction, and parallelization, an algorithm for computing Thevenin impedances an order of magnitude faster than previous approaches is developed. The factor-and-solve algorithm is tested with data from several power grids of varying complexity, and experiments show how the algorithm allows real-time stability assessment of complex power grids at millisecond time scale.","PeriodicalId":268687,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124118494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Resource availability effects on cost optimization for battery storage systems","authors":"J. Hill, C. Nwankpa","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2013.6497898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2013.6497898","url":null,"abstract":"With continued demand for “smart” technologies, implementation of hardware such as batteries and renewable energy sources (i.e. solar panels) has become a huge economic undertaking. In order to better utilize these resources and thus maximize the lifetime of the elements, control schemes looking to both maximize the economic/financial gains while also preventing over usage have become even more important. Past work from the authors examined best case scenarios and financial gains possible as a result. Continuing from a software perspective, less favorable situations are considered and what that means for the cost savings for the consumer in addition to the utilization of the equipment. Studies in this paper focus on varying the availability of solar or battery power to the system. These sets can be broken into the following three main categories: no renewable energy input, no battery/storage input, and variable input of either storage and/or renewables. While mixing these conditions, it will be possible to examine optimizing the sizing of these resources within the overall system. Work discussed here will eventually be applied within the alternative source lab setup within Drexel's Center for Electric Power Engineering (CEPE).","PeriodicalId":268687,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126941204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Risk-constrained energy management with multiple wind farms","authors":"Yu Zhang, Nikolaos Gatsis, G. Giannakis","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2013.6497884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2013.6497884","url":null,"abstract":"To achieve the goal of high wind power penetration in future smart grids, economic energy management accounting for the stochastic nature of wind power is of paramount importance. Multi-period economic dispatch and demand-side management for power systems with multiple wind farms is considered in this paper. To address the challenge of intrinsically stochastic availability of the non-dispatchable wind power, a chance-constrained optimization problem is formulated to limit the risk of supply-demand imbalance based on the loss-of-Ioad probability (LOLP). Since the spatio-temporal joint distribution of the wind power generation is intractable, a novel scenario approximation technique using Monte Carlo sampling is pursued. Enticingly, the problem structure is leveraged to obtain a sample-size-free problem formulation, thus making it possible to accommodate a very small LOLP requirement even with a long scheduling time horizon. Finally, to capture the temporal and spatial correlation among power outputs of multiple wind farms, an autoregressive model is introduced to generate the required samples based on wind speed distribution models as well as the wind-speed-to-power-output mappings. Numerical results are provided to corroborate the effectiveness of the novel approach.","PeriodicalId":268687,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123183371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of LVRT capability of wind turbines on distance protection of AC grids","authors":"Lina He, Chen-Ching Liu","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2013.6497829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2013.6497829","url":null,"abstract":"When a transmission line close to a wind farm (WF) with doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs) experiences a short circuit (SC) fault, the resulting voltage dip on the WF terminal bus may trigger actions from the crowbar circuits of DFIGs. These actions prevent high rotor currents that can be damaging to power electronic converters. Under this condition, DFIGs have to absorb reactive power from the external power grid to provide generator excitation. As a result, it will further depress the voltage at the WF terminal bus and affect the protective relay operation of transmission lines in severe situations. This paper is concerned with the performance of distance relays on a power grid with WFs that are equipped with crowbar circuits. Numerical simulations are conducted on IEEE 39 bus system with WF connections. It is found that the fault on the terminal line of a WF is likely to induce mis-coordination of distance relays, leading to system security problems.","PeriodicalId":268687,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122554937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A passivity control strategy for VSC-HVDC connected large scale wind power","authors":"Xinming Fan, L. Guan, Chengjun Xia, Jianming He","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2013.6497795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2013.6497795","url":null,"abstract":"For wind farm connection VSC-HVDC transmission has obvious technical and economic advantages, but concentrated integration of large scale wind power requires stronger robustness. Based on the mathematical model of VSC-HVDC in abc frame, the Euler-Lagrange mathematical model of voltage-source-converter(VSC) in d-q rotating frame is built and the strict passivity of VSC is proved. Based on the energy dissipativity of VSC, energy storage function is established by using state error and it is used as Lyapunov function, VSC-HVDC is astringed to expected stable equilibrium point rapidly by damping addition. The passivity controller is designed according to expected equilibrium point, state variable and state error, and decoupling control for various variable is achieved. With different operation conditions, VSC-HVDC and its control system are simulated by software PSCAD/EMTDC the results show that the proposed control strategy has good performance and strong robustness either in dynamic state or steady state.","PeriodicalId":268687,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126468953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Building an architecture based on IP-Multicast for large phasor measurement unit (PMU) networks","authors":"M. Seewald","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2013.6497794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2013.6497794","url":null,"abstract":"The document describes a distributed, scalable, secure and standard-based approach for the transmission of synchrophasor data over long distances in order to determine the condition of the electrical power network. With the integration of a high number of renewable and distributed energy resources and the resulting ramifications, such information becomes more and more relevant for the stability of the power grid. The paper focuses on the utilization of IP (Internet Protocol)-based network technologies as the foundation for the transport of synchrophasor data defined by the standard IEC 61850-90-5 in order to support the underlying use cases and applications of the domain such as WAMPAC (Wide Area Monitoring Protection and Control).","PeriodicalId":268687,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126092361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Demand-side management of air conditioning cooling loads for intra-hour load balancing","authors":"Yu Zhang, N. Lu","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2013.6497905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2013.6497905","url":null,"abstract":"This paper evaluates the performance of a centralized load controller designed to provide intra-hour load balancing services (LBSs) using air conditioning (a/c) units in their cooling modes. First, thermal models of a/c units and the control logic of the central controller are presented. The objective is to control the aggregated consumption of the thermostatically controlled appliances (TCAs) to follow a desired load profile for providing LBSs. The simulations are carried out in a MATLAB/Simulink environment. A total of 1000 a/c units in their cooling modes are modeled to provide a realistic ±1 MW load balancing signal for 24 hours for baseline settings. The impacts of lockout times, ambient temperatures, heat gains, and two-way communication delays on the demand-side management (DSM) performance are modeled. The cost of communication between the TCAs and the central controller, customer comfort, device life cycles, and control errors are used as metrics to evaluate the DSM performance. The results demonstrate that the DSM controller precisely controls the aggregated heating, ventilating, and air conditioning load shapes while maintaining load diversity. The controllable and the measurable load services that the controller provides can be used for many other demand response applications, such as peak shaving, load shifting, and arbitrage.","PeriodicalId":268687,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"268 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133473873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}