{"title":"Trajectory Optimization for Ship Collision Avoidance System Using Genetic Algorithm","authors":"X. Cheng, Z.Y. Liu, X.T. Zhang","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393976","url":null,"abstract":"The safety of ships oceangoing or navigating in inland waterways has been increasingly concerned because it may cause great losses in human life and property and bring environmental pollution. Ship collision avoidance system is expected to reduce such maritime accident. How to find an optimum trajectory is crucial for the success of a ship collision avoidance system. As the basis of ship collision avoidance system, a mathematical model of ship maneuvering motion is first described. Then, optimization approach based on genetic algorithm is applied to seek the ship trajectory considering different navigational constraint conditions of a ship in inland waterways. In this approach, a fitness function is used to model the constraints including target ship and obstacles. The optimal results show that the present method is efficient and can be further applied to the ship-maneuvering simulator.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130411327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nonlinear Analysis of Wave Energy Dissipation and Energy Transfer of Directional Breaking Waves in Deep Water","authors":"K. Hong, Shu-xue Liu, E. Meza, Jun Zhang","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393906","url":null,"abstract":"Wave energy dissipation and energy transfer among wave components during the directional wave breaking are investigated experimentally. Directional breaking waves in deep water were simulated by focusing the multi-frequency and multi-directional wave components at a designed location based on constant wave amplitude and constant wave steepness frequency spectrum. The incipient and plunging breakers with the same spectral characteristics were generated by applying the different scale factors on wave amplitude. The time series of surface wave elevation were measured around the wave focusing point using a wave gauge array to examine the variation of directional spreading function. The free wave components of a directional wave train are separated from bound wave components by nonlinear decomposition based on directional hybrid wave model accurate up to second order. The local free wave components derived from nonlinear decomposition still include directional dispersion effect. A spatial variation of free wave packet due to directional dispersion is estimated by comparing incipient breaking wave packets at corresponding locations. When the bound wave components and directional dispersion effect are removed from the plunging breaking wave train, a variation of the directional wave spectrum of resultant free wave components before and after the wave breaking is solely responsible to wave energy dissipation and transfer between free wave components. By comparing free wave components of a plunging breaking wave packet before and after the wave breaking, the characteristics of energy dissipation and energy transfer caused by wave breaking are investigated and their dependences on frequency are analyzed. The breaking in deep water significantly dissipates wave energy in the upper region of peak-frequency band while enhances wave energy slightly in the low-frequency band by energy transfer.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117338883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new GapFiller system using front-scan sonar technology coupled with SHADOWS","authors":"F. Mosca","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393860","url":null,"abstract":"SHADOWS is a high-performance side-scan sonar imaging system. To fill the gap at nadir, a GapFiller is developed by IXSEA. The GFS is a GapFiller using the front-scan sonar technology. It aims to fill the unsonified area of SHADOWS, which is forty-five meters wide, to ensure a good overlap between the two systems and allow the registration of the two different images. This is made possible thanks to the inertial navigation system PHINS. This system is distinguished from other GapFiller systems using multibeam sonar, indeed the kind of images obtained is noticeably different. Instead of observing the depth and bathymetric data, the images are sonar type ones. The design of the arrays has been integrally conceived by the IXSEA team, using d33-technology and an integrated reflector architecture. Finally, without any treatment other than the beam forming, the theoretical resolution obtained on the entire gap is under 40 cm, with a total physical encumbrance under 80 cm. If a traditional coherent synthesis is not allowed by the geometry of the system, an appropriate treatment provided by using an accurate and highly performant inertial navigation system (PHINS) improve significantly the resolution of the GFS. In fact instead of a linear synthesised array, this original treatment formed a bidimensional phased-array antenna. An analytic determination of the theoretical resolution depending on the pointing direction has been performed. The results are very satisfactory and predict a significant improvement of the resolution. In fact the resolution now depends on the pointing direction and with a ten-ping synthesis the resolution at 5 meters is around 25 cm and under 15 cm at 10 meters achieving this way the nominal resolution of SHADOWS.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125032677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hybrid Detector for Ship Radiated Signal in Statistically Varying Underwater Noise","authors":"A. Singh, A. Kumar, M. Agrawal, R. Bahl","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393866","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of passive detection of ship radiated signals has been investigated for many years. A primary lacuna in most detectors is that they are optimal for a specific signal and noise environment, which deviates significantly from the practical signal and noise encountered in the ocean medium. Furthermore, underwater signal and noise statistics varies significantly over time and space, thereby deteriorating the performance of the detectors that are tuned to be optimal for a particular signal and noise assumption. Therefore, a single detector does not seem sufficient in detecting the signal in this statistically varying environment. Here, we consider several detectors that are individually optimal in a given scenario, and then combine these individual optimal detectors to formulate a hybrid detector that performs reasonably well for a large range of noise statistics. Simulation results show that the hybrid detector performs better than its constituent detectors.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126146888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Akamatsu, Ding Wang, Ke‐Xiong Wang, Liang Songhai
{"title":"Acoustic Monitoring of Echolocating Porpoises","authors":"T. Akamatsu, Ding Wang, Ke‐Xiong Wang, Liang Songhai","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393821","url":null,"abstract":"Underwater ultrasonic sound of finless porpoises Neophocaena phocaenoides were monitored concurrent with visual observations in the Yangtze River, China. In a total of 774 km cruise, 588 finless porpoises were sighted by visual observation and 44,864 ultrasonic pulses were recorded. The acoustic monitoring system could detect presence of the finless porpoises 82% of the time. False alarm in the system occurred with a frequency of 0.9%. The high frequency acoustical observation is suggested as an effective method for field surveys of small cetaceans, which produce high frequency sonar signals.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126928635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new approach for fast and high-resolution interferometric bathymetry","authors":"G. Llort-Pujol, C. Sintes, X. Lurtont","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393899","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with a new bathymetry processing for multibeam echosounders based upon interferometry. Several issues are discussed concerning the number of beams to be formed, the optimal interferometer configuration in terms of minimal angular error, and the multitarget detection. The algorithm is illustrated by data from a 300-kHz multibeam echosounder recorded over a wreck area.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123012191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Asada, K. Kuramoto, T. Tanaka, K. Oimatsu, Y. Kawashima, M. Nanri, T. Oyagi, K. Hantani
{"title":"Development of Underwater Security Sonar System","authors":"A. Asada, K. Kuramoto, T. Tanaka, K. Oimatsu, Y. Kawashima, M. Nanri, T. Oyagi, K. Hantani","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393879","url":null,"abstract":"A significant research project for developing an underwater security sonar system has been initiated in Japan to guard oil piants, harbors, airports, power piants, and LNG/Oil tankers against underwater terror attacks. In addition, it is planned to quickly establish means of scientifically searching for underwater smuggling of weapons and narcotics, poaching divers, illegal disposals and dead bodies, under the cloak of murky water. A model system was developed to provide empirical data and a means for evaluating detection and fusion algorithms. Major sensors of a littoral surveillance system properly include radar, optical cameras, infrared cameras, and an underwater acoustic surveillance system. We have systemized a wharf security system composed of two acoustic video cameras, a sector scanning sonar and supporting software in the first year of this 3 year program.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128314130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Restoration Technology of Contaminated Sediments in Coastal Environments using Steel-making Slag in Korea","authors":"Kwang-Seok Park, Hyung-Suek Kim, Ki-Young Park","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393848","url":null,"abstract":"This research was conducted to investigate the possibility of applying steel-making slag as a capping (or covering) material for the remediation of polluted sea sediments and to restore the productivity in polluted marine culturing grounds and seawater quality ultimately. Steel-making slag obtained from the Kwangyang Works of POSCO were scattered in the area of 100 M x 200 M, which is located in Go-sung Bay of southern part of Korean Peninsula. The diameter of slag less than 5~8 mm was scattered using a spreading machine until the slag layer on sea sediments reached thickness between 0.5 and 1.0 cm. From these large-scale experiments for more than 12 months, PO4-P and H2S liberations from the polluted sediment resulted to be suppressed to the extent of above 95% and 97%, respectively. Applying steel-making slag on the seawater quality was determined to be not harmful in the view of pH and leached trace metal concentrations. Furthermore, applying steel-making slag resulted in much higher survival rate of phytoplankton than that from the original area. The beneficial effects of steel-making slag were evident in the sense of elevated population of phytoplankton in middle and lower water layer on the slag covered area. The growth indexes of oyster such as shell length, height, width, and wet weight in steel slag scattering area were also higher than those from the original area. In addition, higher contents of protein and fatty acid including EPA and DHA were found in the body of oyster cultured in slag-covered area. No evidence of secondary contamination from steel-making slag was found in the body of oyster.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128511309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Target Localization By Two Passive Linear Arrays","authors":"Ning Ma, C. S. Chia, Rong Yang, G. Ng","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393958","url":null,"abstract":"Harbor and port protection has become more important in recent years due to the increasing terrorist threats. A surveillance sonar system plays an important role as part of the overall protection system. In this paper, we will discuss a target localization technique by using multiple fixed passive linear hydrophone arrays. Linear array has a better resolution than circular and nonlinear array, but the left-right ambiguity of a linear array and multiple targets will cause ghost crosses, which makes it difficult to localize the real target. We have proposed to use the bearing measurements in each arrays and TDOA method for target localization by two linear arrays.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128784317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Shadows, a new synthetic aperture sonar system, by IXSEA SAS","authors":"F. Jean","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393858","url":null,"abstract":"Shadows is a new Synthetic Aperture Sonar System developed by Ixsea SAS. It will provide a real-time SAS processing on a 600 meters swath at a resolution of 15 cm. Shadows is equiped by an accurate and highly synchronized INS, and by a frontside sonar to avoid the gap between the two sides. We present in this article the first results obtained with the first prototype of the sidescan sonar working at a frequency of 150 khz. This version can reach a precision of 20 cm at a range of 250 m. The computed algorithm performs a fast factorized back projection and ping to ping cross correlation (P2C2) in real time on the recorded signals. The resulting images are placed on a georeferenced map.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129022889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}