{"title":"Identification and Analysis of Dolphin Signatures from Ocean Ambient Noise Measurements","authors":"G. Latha, S. Ramji","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393825","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents identification of dolphin sound emissions from the ocean ambient noise measurements in the shallow waters of Arabian sea, off the west coast of India. Dolphin sound can be classified into broad band clicks and narrow band tonal sounds referred to as whistles. In this work the time series analysis performed on the noise measurements, reveal the presence of dolphin signatures and the type of signatures it produces. The time series shows the occurrence of dolphin clicks . Spectral analysis is carried out to determine the frequency contents. Since Fourier transform does not provide information on temporal component, short time Fourier transform is applied for time frequency analysis which enables time frequency representation of spectral components. The spectrogram shows burst of clicks emited by dolphins that are broad band in the range till 40 kHz Improved time localization is achieved by applying Gabor representation for time-frequency analysis.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121399446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficient Active Sonar Parameter Estimation Using Linear FM Signals via Hermite Decompositions","authors":"M.R. Sharif, S. Abeysekera","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393951","url":null,"abstract":"Signals with finite time support are frequently encountered in sonar and radar processing. It is usually necessary to have a compact description of these signals' shape and time evolution. For this purpose, the Hermite series expansion is used in this paper to approximate an arbitrary enveloped linear frequency modulated (LFM) signal. The Hermite basis functions are based on the product of Hermite polynomials and a Gaussian function. The analytical expressions for the Fourier transform of LFM Hermite functions have been developed in this paper. It is proposed to use the Fourier transform of LFM Hermite functions for efficient computation of the wideband cross-ambiguity function (WCAF) for target parameter estimation in active sonar processing. Efficient two-dimensional (2-D) search methods are also proposed in this paper to obtain parameters from the WCAF.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"190 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116214976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Broadband FIR Beamformer for Underwater Aoustic Communication","authors":"Youngchol Choi, Yong-Kon Lim","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393847","url":null,"abstract":"Beamforming for underwater acoustic communication (UAC) is affected by the broadband feature of UAC signal, which has relatively low center frequency compared with the signal bandwidth. The narrow-band assumption does not hold good in the UAC. (Unrealistic assumption) In this paper, we present computer simulation results of a broadband FIR beamformer for UAC using the baseband equivalent array signal model for phase-coherent UAC. We consider a vertical uniform linear array with 8 omni-directional elements and UAC system with carrier frequency 25 KHz and symbol rate 5 KHz. Pulse shaping filter (PSF) is the raised cosine filter with roll-off factor 0.25. Hence bandwidth to carrier frequency ratio is 0.25. The sensor spacing is half of the wavelength corresponds to carrier frequency. For simplicity, we assume that there is no signal fading and phase synchronization is perfect. We have considered two propagating paths: direct and surface reflected ones. The surface reflected path is regarded as interference signal. The signal to noise ratio (SNR) and signal to interference ratio (SIR) are fixed to 6 dB and OdB, respectively. The results show that the broadband FIR beamformer achieves optimum signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) and outperforms the conventional narrowband beamformer by 0.5 dB of SINR when the inter-tap delay is a quarter of the symbol interval and the order of FIR filter is one. The broadband FIR beamformer performance is degraded when the FIR filter order is increased above the optimum value. The inter-tap delay should be small enough and it is related to the optimum FIR filter order.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116502149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prediction of Nutrient Fixation Effect of an Artificial Lagoon in Kobe Airport Island","authors":"K. Otsuka, N. Nakatani, T. Sawada","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393908","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, nutrient fixation effects of an artificial lagoon in Kobe airport island (reclamation island) in Osaka Bay are predicted using an ecosystem model. The ecosystem model consists of pelagic, benthic, sessile and sedimentary ecosystem sub-models. The predicted results suggest that the nutrient fixation effect is significantly affected by the activity of primary production of benthic algae and seaweed. The suspension feeding of bivalves is not so large for total nutrient fixation, but has an important function to enhance the activity of primary production by improvement of transparency.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"255 17","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113983105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Health Assessment and Environmental Impacts of Modal Shift in Transportation","authors":"Pingjian Liu, E. Kobayashi","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393837","url":null,"abstract":"Truck transport now accounts for more than half of goods distribution in Japan. However, truck transportation contributes to human health problems and climate change. A modal shift in transportation affects a wide range of factors, including the use of fossil fuel energy, globe-warming, and sea or land resources. The modal shift from truck transportation to sea transportation maybe one method for addressing these problems. The present paper proposes a method for evaluating the influence of the modal shift in transportation on health changes using the technique of health risk assessment. First, the level of airborne carcinogens from ship and truck exhaust was determined. Then, the density of each carcinogen in locations across Japan was calculated. Finally, the number of people in Japan who would suffer from cancer was derived, and the effects of the modal shift on health are evaluated based on the density calculation data and cancer risk. The current study also evaluates the modal shift from truck and car transportation to sea transportation for two representative routes in Japan using the ecological footprint method. Carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gas emissions, and changes in forest cover before and after the modal shift are calculated to show an ecological footprint calculation related to the modal shift in transportation. Based on these assessments, this article confirms that: there is substantial potential for reducing the ecological footprint using the modal shift; and the exhaust emitted by ships poses less harm to people than truck exhaust.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128022153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis and Coordination of the Motion of Multiple Flapping Foils for Control of a Biorobotic AUV","authors":"A. Menozzi, H. Leinhos","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393817","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an innovative control system for a new experimental vehicle, named BAUV, that achieves efficient maneuvering through the exploitation of unsteady hydrodynamics. BAUV swims by coordinating the motion of six biology-inspired high-lift foils attached to its rigid cylindrical hull. We use experimental data to analyze hydrodynamic forces and moments produced by a single foil as a function of its motion parameters. Given this analysis, we describe a method for synthesizing and coordinating the sinusoidal motion of all six foils to produce any desired resultant mean force and moment vectors on the vehicle. The mathematics behind the resulting algorithm is simple and effective, yielding compact and efficient implementation code. The solution method also considers and accommodates the physical constraints inherent in the foil actuators. We present experimental results that demonstrate the solution method and the vehicle's resulting high maneuverability.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128040085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design and Implementation of II/4 Shift D-QPSK Baseband Modem Using DSP Techniques","authors":"R. Mohamad, N. M. Anas, K. Dimyati","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393970","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of a digital baseband signal processing system and data transmission rate depends on the modulation technique. One of the famous modulation techniques is II/4 shift Differential-Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (II/4 shift D-QPSK). II/4 D-QPSK is a four level modulation scheme first proposed by Baker in 1962 [1] and is currently the focus of intensive research. The aim of this paper is to design and implement the II/4 D-QPSK baseband modem on the Texas Instruments TMS320C6711 digital signal processor (DSP) with DSP-BIOS technique. The implementation included II/4 D-QPSK signal mapping using a look-up table and raised cosine filtering to reduce Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI), and spectral spreading. This paper also describes the differential detection and data recovery design theory in the demodulator and the theory behind the symbol timing recovery module is introduced.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125650480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modeling and Simulation of the VideoRay Pro III Underwater Vehicle","authors":"Wei Wang, C. Clark","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393862","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate modeling and simulation of underwater vehicles is essential for autonomous control. In this paper, we present a dynamic model of the VideoRay Pro III microROV, in which the hydrodynamic derivatives are determined both theoretically and experimentally, based on the assumption that the motions in different directions are decoupled. The experiments show that this assumption is reasonable within operating conditions of the VideoRay Pro III. A computer simulation with 3D graphics is also developed to help user to visualize the vehicle's motion.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121983316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study of Focusing Structure in Time-Reversal-Mirror Technique","authors":"Y. Chiu, Chi-Fang Chen, Ming-Hung Lin","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393922","url":null,"abstract":"Time-reversal mirror (TRM) was recently developed for underwater communication system application. This technique has been introduced as an approach to compensate for signal distortion due to multiple path effect in ocean waveguide. TRM is used in this paper for sending a message signal in ocean waveguide, received at time-reversal-array (TRA), and retransmitted to the dynamic ocean environment with an internal solitary wave. The focal structures obtained from different simulating cases are used for bidirectional transmission expediency, and the TRA is used as the relay-line or trunked radio. Ocean waveguide characteristic effects on acoustical properties are also shown in this paper, and focal structure in different ocean environments is analyzed to provide an optimal approach to underwater communication systems and for physical insight's interests.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130054017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Area Localization Scheme for Underwater Sensor Networks","authors":"V. Chandrasekhar, W. Seah","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393969","url":null,"abstract":"For large wireless sensor networks, identifying the exact location of every sensor may not be feasible and the cost may be very high. A coarse estimate of the sensors' locations is usually sufficient for many applications. In this paper, we propose an efficient Area Localization Scheme (ALS) for underwater sensor networks. This scheme tries to estimate the position of every sensor within a certain area rather than its exact location. The granularity of the areas estimated for each node can be easily adjusted by varying system parameters. All the complex calculations are handled by the powerful sinks instead of the sensors. This reduces the energy consumed by the sensors and helps extend the lifetime of the network.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130086526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}