ERPN: Individuals (Topic)最新文献_第4页

Investment Composition and Productivity with Heterogeneous Entrepreneurs 异质性企业家的投资构成与生产率

ERPN: Individuals (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-10-21 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1983619

Burak R. Uras

引用次数: 2

Self-Employment, Small Firms and Enterprise 自营职业，小型公司和企业

ERPN: Individuals (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-10-13 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3922110

P. Urwin

{"title":"Self-Employment, Small Firms and Enterprise","authors":"P. Urwin","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3922110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3922110","url":null,"abstract":"For many months the British government has been trying to convince the nation that it wants to promote economic growth. The evidence suggests that the economic giants of the future are the very smallest firms of today. This being the case, no policy to increase growth can neglect obstacles that face the self-employed and small businesses. The self-employed and small businesses form a sector of the economy that is difficult to research and little understood. However, Peter Urwin, Director of the Centre for Employment Research at Westminster Business School, provides radical insights in this IEA publication. In particular he shows how the self-employed and employees of small firms have a very different profile from the employees of large firms. If we prevent small firms from flourishing we will cut off opportunities for large sectors of society who may struggle to find alternative employment. Furthermore, the nature of entrepreneurship is such that government policy can never identify successful firms in advance. The only option is to de-regulate business so that tomorrow’s successful firms are not strangled at birth. This publication is important reading for those who wish to understand a sector that employs nearly one third of the British workforce. It is also vital reading for those who wish to develop the policies that will liberate a culture of entrepreneurship within the UK.","PeriodicalId":268317,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Individuals (Topic)","volume":" 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113953133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

When is Capital Enough to Get Female Microenterprises Growing? Evidence from a Randomized Experiment in Ghana 什么时候资金足够让女性微型企业成长?来自加纳随机实验的证据

ERPN: Individuals (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-07-01 DOI: 10.3386/w17207

M. Fafchamps, D. McKenzie, S. Quinn

{"title":"When is Capital Enough to Get Female Microenterprises Growing? Evidence from a Randomized Experiment in Ghana","authors":"M. Fafchamps, D. McKenzie, S. Quinn","doi":"10.3386/w17207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w17207","url":null,"abstract":"Standard models of investment predict that credit-constrained firms should grow rapidly when given additional capital, and that how this capital is provided should not affect decisions to invest in the business or consume the capital. We randomly gave cash and in-kind grants to male- and female-owned microenterprises in urban Ghana. Our findings cast doubt on the ability of capital alone to stimulate the growth of female microenterprises. First, while the average treatment effects of the in-kind grants are large and positive for both males and females, the gain in profits is almost zero for women with initial profits below the median, suggesting that capital alone is not enough to grow subsistence enterprises owned by women. Second, for women we strongly reject equality of the cash and in-kind grants; only in-kind grants lead to growth in business profits. The results for men also suggest a lower impact of cash, but differences between cash and in-kind grants are less robust. The difference in the effects of cash and in-kind grants is associated more with a lack of self-control than with external pressure. As a result, the manner in which funding is provided affects microenterprise growth.","PeriodicalId":268317,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Individuals (Topic)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129445193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 164

Job Flows, Demographics and the Great Recession 就业流动、人口结构和大衰退

ERPN: Individuals (Topic) Pub Date : 2010-08-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1659667

Eva Sierminska, Yelena Takhtamanova

{"title":"Job Flows, Demographics and the Great Recession","authors":"Eva Sierminska, Yelena Takhtamanova","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1659667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1659667","url":null,"abstract":"The recession the United States economy entered in December of 2007 is considered to be the most severe downturn the country has experienced since the Great Depression. The unemployment rate reached as high as 10.1 percent in October 2009 - the highest we have seen since the 1982 recession. In this paper we examine the severity of this recession compared to those in the past by examining worker flows into and out of unemployment taking into account changes in the demographic structure of the population. We identify the most vulnerable groups of this recession by dissagregating the workforce by age, gender and race. We find that adjusting for the aging of the U.S. labor force increases the severity of this recession. Our results indicate that the increase in the unemployment rate is driven to a larger extent by the lack of hiring (low outflows), but flows into unemployment are still important for understanding unemployment rate dynamics (they are not as acyclical as some literature suggests) and differences in unemployment rates across demographic groups. We find that this is indeed a \"mancession,\" as men face higher job separation probabilities, lower job finding probabilities and, as a result, higher unemployment rates than women. Lastly, there is some evidence that blacks suffered more than whites (again, this difference is particularly pronounced for men).","PeriodicalId":268317,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Individuals (Topic)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126732138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 30

The Affective Roots of Resource Heterogeneity: How Founders' Emotion Regulation Helps Create Social Resources in Startups 资源异质性的情感根源:创始人情绪调节如何帮助创业公司创造社会资源

ERPN: Individuals (Topic) Pub Date : 2010-07-02 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1716885

C. Zott, Q. Huy

{"title":"The Affective Roots of Resource Heterogeneity: How Founders' Emotion Regulation Helps Create Social Resources in Startups","authors":"C. Zott, Q. Huy","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1716885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1716885","url":null,"abstract":"Where do firms' heterogeneous resources come from? Our qualitative, inductive study of nascent firms over seven years revealed that founders' differential use of emotion regula-tion behaviors can explain differential creation of social resources at the firm level. We found that founders' emotion regulation behaviors cluster around three themes: (1) the founder's temporal perspective (short-term versus long-term); (2) the nature of founder benefits (economic versus emotional rewards); and (3) the target of founder attention (self versus others). We theorize that founders' emotion regulation behaviors according to these themes influence the incentives of founders and stakeholders and thereby enable the creation of valuable and difficult-to-imitate social resources for their ventures. Social re-sources include discretionary support provided by founders and stakeholders, as well as founder persistence and stakeholder willingness-to-help. Our study contributes to the strategy literature by showing empirically the link between specific emotion regulation behaviors and the emergence of resource heterogeneity at the firm level. It specifically contributes to resource-based theory by separating the theory's main assumptions and outcomes, reducing concerns about potential tautology.","PeriodicalId":268317,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Individuals (Topic)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124448559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

How Entrepreneurially Influential Social Traits and the Concentration of Immigrants Affect Business Creation Among Rural Immigrants 具有创业影响力的社会特征和移民集中度如何影响农村移民的创业

ERPN: Individuals (Topic) Pub Date : 2010-06-18 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1627509

Claudio Mancilla, Y. Vaillant, Esteban Lafuente

引用次数: 0

Self-Regulation and Effort in Entrepreneurial Tasks 创业任务中的自我调节与努力

ERPN: Individuals (Topic) Pub Date : 2010-05-28 DOI: 10.1108/13552551111107507

R. Trevelyan

引用次数: 62

Entrepreneurial Intention Among Business Graduate Students in Bangladesh 孟加拉商科研究生创业意向研究

ERPN: Individuals (Topic) Pub Date : 2009-08-12 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1447767

M. Rahman, Rumana Parveen