{"title":"An Efficient VM Scheduling Framework for Interactive Streaming Service","authors":"Jongbeen Han, Minwook Lee, Chanho Choi, Yongseok Son, Hyeonsang Eom","doi":"10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00023","url":null,"abstract":"Cloud computing has become widely used to provide many services such as analyzing and streaming data to increase scalability and minimize up-front IT infrastructure costs. However, to make the best use of cloud infrastructures in terms of performance and cost, efficient virtual machine (VM) management is required. In this paper, we propose a VM scheduling framework for automatic and cost-effective management of VMs for streaming services. The framework controls and manages the life-cycle and status of multiple VMs in the cloud platform automatically. We implement the VM scheduling framework based on the google cloud platform (GCP). The experimental results show that the streaming services based on the proposed framework can provide lower costs with fewer performance overheads than the streaming services without the framework.","PeriodicalId":268224,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C)","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116935156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Implementing CUDA Unified Memory in the PyTorch Framework","authors":"Jake Choi, H. Yeom, Yoonhee Kim","doi":"10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00029","url":null,"abstract":"Popular deep learning frameworks like PyTorch utilize GPUs heavily for training, and suffer from out-of-memory (OOM) problems if memory is not managed properly. In this paper, we propose a modification that utilizes CUDA Unified Memory (UM) to expand GPU memory to the available host memory space so that practicality for the programmer can increase, and OOM memory errors will not result for any workload. We also pinpoint performance issues that result from our modifications to the framework, and outline future plans like reducing redundant memory copies, prefetching, and memory advising techniques to improve upon our design. Our implementation shows that PyTorch UM performance overheads are minimal when the data footprint is below GPU memory capacity.","PeriodicalId":268224,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115672926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lukas Einhaus, Chao Qian, Christopher Ringhofer, Gregor Schiele
{"title":"In-Situ Artificial Intelligence for Self-* Devices: The Elastic AI Ecosystem (Tutorial)","authors":"Lukas Einhaus, Chao Qian, Christopher Ringhofer, Gregor Schiele","doi":"10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00085","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial Intelligence (AI) is an important topic for today's self-* systems. It can e.g. be used to analyze sensor data, to derive a model of a system's runtime situation, and to make dynamic adaptation decisions. To this end, in-situ AI is a powerful tool that enables individual devices to use AI autonomously, leading to truly decentralized self-* behavior. However, developing, deploying and executing in-situ AI is not trivial. Researchers therefore often fall back to classical Cloud-based AI solutions, which restricts what kinds of research studies are possible. In this tutorial we present our solution for this, the so-called elastic AI ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":268224,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122003407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Organizing Committee and Programming Committee]","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/acsos-c52956.2021.00018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acsos-c52956.2021.00018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":268224,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122484782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gianluca Aguzzi, Roberto Casadei, Danilo Pianini, G. Salvaneschi, Mirko Viroli
{"title":"Towards Pulverised Architectures for Collective Adaptive Systems through Multi-Tier Programming","authors":"Gianluca Aguzzi, Roberto Casadei, Danilo Pianini, G. Salvaneschi, Mirko Viroli","doi":"10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00033","url":null,"abstract":"Engineering large-scale Cyber-Physical Systems - like robot swarms, augmented crowds, and smart cities - is challenging, for many issues have to be addressed, including specifying their collective adaptive behaviour and managing the connection of the digital and physical parts. In particular, some approaches propose self-organising mechanisms to actually program global behaviour while fostering decentralised, asynchronous execution. However, most of these approaches couple behavioural specifications to specific network architectures (e.g., peer-to-peer), and therefore do not promote flexible exploitation of the underlying infrastructure. Conversely, pulverisation is a recent approach that enables self-organising behaviour to be defined independently of the available infrastructure while retaining functional correctness. However, there are currently no tools to formally specify and verify concrete architectures for pulverised applications. Therefore, we propose to combine pulverisation with multi-tier programming, a paradigm that supports the specification of the architecture of distributed systems in a single code base, and enables static checks for the correctness of actual deployments. The approach can be implemented by combining the ScaFi aggregate computing toolchain with the ScalaLoci multi-tier programming language, paving the path to support the development of self-organising cyber-physical systems, addressing both functional (behaviour) and non-functional concerns (deployment) in a single code base and modular fashion.","PeriodicalId":268224,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128118507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Work With What You've Got: An Approach for Resource-Driven Adaptation","authors":"Paul A. Akiki, A. Zisman, A. Bennaceur","doi":"10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00030","url":null,"abstract":"Resource-driven systems are affected by resource variability, which prevents the timely completion of important tasks. This paper presents BOND, a hyBrid resOurce-driveN aDaptation approach which addresses the issue of resource variability by (i) prioritising tasks and making resources available for tasks with higher priorities, (ii) considering alternative task executions when resources are not available, (iii) substituting resources with alternative ones, and (iv) changing tasks into similar ones. The approach supports a proactive and reactive adaptation plan. A prototype tool has been implemented as a proof of concept and used for an initial evaluation of the approach in terms of its feasibility and scalability.","PeriodicalId":268224,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132962264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"What Can Collective Construction Learn from Neural Cellular Automata?","authors":"A. Vardy","doi":"10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00061","url":null,"abstract":"Neural Cellular Automata (NCA) have been trained to produce target images and shapes and even to regenerate after damage. These are highly attractive properties that can inform work on collective robotic construction. We discuss concepts from NCA that may be useful for collective robotic construction and discuss how the problems of morphogenesis and construction differ. As a concrete first step, we propose a simplified variant of an existing NCA model to explore the consequences of reducing the number of state channels encoded. We find that the NCA can still reproduce trained images. This bodes well for translating ideas from N CAs to collective robotic construction.","PeriodicalId":268224,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124846045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sharmin Jahan, Ian Riley, Alonzo Sabino, R. Gamble
{"title":"Towards a Plug-In Architecture to Enable Self-Adaptation through Middleware","authors":"Sharmin Jahan, Ian Riley, Alonzo Sabino, R. Gamble","doi":"10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00054","url":null,"abstract":"To be self-adaptive, a system must exhibit capabilities related to the monitoring, analyzing, planning, and executing adaptations. Often these activities require in-depth knowledge of the system's architecture, functionality, and requirements. Thus, the traditional design pattern for self-adaptive systems is the MAPE- K loop, which can be infeasible to implement into legacy systems. Popular approaches to incorporate self-adaptive behavior into legacy systems employ an external framework and/or middleware. These software applications require significant expertise in their choice of tools and can be unaccommodating to systems dependent on third-party vendors, i.e., enterprise systems. In this paper, we investigate the design of the Adapt! architecture as a plug-in architecture that operates as middleware to enable system self-adaptation. We discuss key challenges associated with middleware for self-adaptive system configuration, survey existing approaches, and characterize an extensible architecture that would be applicable to legacy systems. The Adapt! architecture is exemplified through two case studies that include a load balancer and a tele-assistance system.","PeriodicalId":268224,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114727734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"OHODIN – Online Anomaly Detection for Data Streams","authors":"Christian Gruhl, Sven Tomforde","doi":"10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00046","url":null,"abstract":"We propose OHODIN an online extension for data streams of the knn-based ODIN anomaly detection approach and presents a detection-threshold heuristic that is based on extreme value theory. In contrast to sophisticated anomaly and novelty detection approaches the decision-making process of ODIN is interpretable by humans, making it interesting for certain applications. This article presents the algorithms itself and an experimental evaluation with competing state-of-the-art anomaly detection approaches.","PeriodicalId":268224,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C)","volume":"8 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134290248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jungwook Han, H.I. Byun, Hyungjoon Kwon, Sungyong Park, Youngjae Kim
{"title":"Is Data Migration Evil in the NVM File System?","authors":"Jungwook Han, H.I. Byun, Hyungjoon Kwon, Sungyong Park, Youngjae Kim","doi":"10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACSOS-C52956.2021.00024","url":null,"abstract":"The NVM file system often exhibits unstable I/O performance in a NUMA server environment due to frequent remote memory accesses when threads and data are exclusively placed on different NUMA nodes. Further, multiple threads may use all of the available bandwidth of the Integrated Memory Controller (iMC), causing an iMC bottleneck. NThread partly addresses the problems above by maximizing local memory accesses via migrating threads to data resident CPU node. However, NThread cannot benefit in cases when iM C is overloaded. Therefore, we propose Dragonfly, an approach that migrates data to the memory module of the CPU node where the thread is located when iM C is overloaded. The proposed approach inherently balances the load among iM Cs, thus offering a fair load-balancing among iMCs. Specifically, Dragonfly implements a Migration Trigger Policy (MTP) to migrate data between CPU nodes on an opportunistic basis, minimizing the performance overhead caused by unnecessary data migration. We implement and evaluate NThread and Dragonfly in the NOVA file system deployed on an Intel Optane DC PM server for different application scenarios via Filebench workloads. The evaluation confirms that Dragonfly outperforms on an average 3.26x higher throughput than NThread.","PeriodicalId":268224,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C)","volume":"167 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126936890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}