Research and Review Insights最新文献

{"title":"Lupus can be caused by asymptomatic Salmonellosis in Bladder","authors":"J. Medina","doi":"10.15761/rri.1000162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/rri.1000162","url":null,"abstract":"We believe that all the symptoms of systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) in the same way that all biochemical, immunological and epidemiological aspects of the disease can be easily justified by analogy, to that is found in urinary tract infections and in Salmonellosis. According our thesis the pathogenic agent of typhoid fever remain hidden in bladder, gallbladder and/or bone marrow of SLE patients, causing a subclinical interstitial cystitis creating the autoantibodies, and consequently, the SLE. For us, if lupic patients were treated with antibiotics until total eradication of Salmonella, usually four weeks, they would be cured. Below, are listed the coincidences and reflections that made us formulate this thesis:","PeriodicalId":267114,"journal":{"name":"Research and Review Insights","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128108731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional deficiency cardiomyopathy: A review and pooled analysis of pathophysiology, diagnosis and clinical management","authors":"Aref Albakri","doi":"10.15761/rri.1000149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/rri.1000149","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing recognition of deficiency of certain essential micronutrients in the failing heart suggests that they may be involved in the pathogenesis of nutritional deficiency cardiomyopathy (NDCM) and ultimately heart failure (HF). Chronic deficits in thiamine, carnitine, selenium, niacin, taurine and Coenzyme Q10 in the myocardial tissues have already been associated with alterations in myocardial energy production, calcium balance or oxidative defences. These pathologic changes may lead to metabolic or myocardial remodelling progressing into NDCM. Due to the severity of potential outcomes of untreated NDCM, it is important for cardiologists to have a good understanding of NDCM. More importantly, NDCM is a treatable phenotype of dilated or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (CM). Early detection and prompt initiation of nutrient supplementation therapy (NST) has the potential to reverse pathologic myocardial changes and resolve cardiac symptoms. However, current expert consensus guidelines on the treatment of HF do not expressly recommend or are conspicuously silent about the use of NST possibly attributable to inconsistent findings by several small-scale trials and the lack of reliable data by large-scale randomized clinical trials. This review summarizes the existing published data about NDCM with an emphasis on the specific aetiologic micronutrients deficiencies, including their pathophysiology, manifestation, diagnosis and clinical management. This review also identifies gaps in current studies and areas of limited knowledge to move forward with research to fill these critical gaps in knowledge. *Correspondence to: Aref Albakri, St-Marien hospital Bonn Venusberg, Department of Internal Medicine, Bonn, Germany, E-mail: arefalbakri@yahoo. com","PeriodicalId":267114,"journal":{"name":"Research and Review Insights","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115863449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Item analysis of Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) from a formative assessment of first year microbiology major students","authors":"Sylvester Chibueze Izah, Tamaraukepreye Catherine Odubo, Victor Emeka Ajumobi, Kelly Ebelakpo Torru","doi":"10.15761/rri.1000166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/rri.1000166","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":267114,"journal":{"name":"Research and Review Insights","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114366162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxin-induced cardiomyopathy: A review and pooled analysis of pathophysiology, diagnosis and clinical management","authors":"Aref Albakri","doi":"10.15761/rri.1000150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/rri.1000150","url":null,"abstract":"Research on drug-induced cardiomyopathy (CM) has largely focused on medically prescribed drugs due to reduced drug efficacy and complicated patient management. Investigation on other aetiologies – environmental toxins including cardiodepressant agents (ethanol), cardiostimulant agents (cocaine and amphetamine), heavy metals (cobalt, lead, mercury, arsenic, lithium or beryllium) and carbonaceous compounds (carbon monoxide or tetrachloride) have been relatively rarely. However, accumulating clinical data demonstrates that exposure to these environmental toxins has a pathogenic role mostly in populations with extreme dietary deficiency and/or long-term occupational exposure. Animal models of CM used to explore cardiotoxicity of environmental toxins have also heightened the awareness of their potential contributions to the pathogenesis of CM in the absence of any other known cause. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to review published evidence on toxic (non-medical drug) induced CM including a meta-analysis of causative toxins, pathophysiology, diagnosis and clinical management. *Correspondence to: Aref Albakri, St-Marien hospital Bonn Venusberg, Department of Internal Medicine, Bonn, Germany, E-mail: arefalbakri@yahoo. com","PeriodicalId":267114,"journal":{"name":"Research and Review Insights","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129403962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial density and associated physicochemical properties of palm wine in Wilberforce Island, Nigeria","authors":"Glory Richard, F. O. Youkparigha, A. Aigberua, Sylvester Chibueze Izah, Edah Oghenetega Morayo","doi":"10.15761/rri.1000163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/rri.1000163","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the microbial density and concentration of some physicochemical constituents of palm wine sold in Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Samples of palm wine were purchased from 6 locations. Sample from each location was sub-sampled in triplicate, and the density of microbial population was enumerated following standard microbiological procedure. The physicochemical parameters of constituents were determined using standard procedures. Results showed that total heterotrophic bacteria counts, total fungi counts, pH, conductivity, specific gravity, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, potassium and sodium in palm wine ranged from 2.620 x 10 4 – 1.713 x 10 5 CFU/ml, 5.867 x 10 4 - 2.163 x 10 5 CFU/ml, 3.600 – 3.767, 5750.000 – 8816.667µS/ cm, 0.998 – 1.010, 0.131 – 0.216%, 0.020 – 0.063 mg/L, 6.403 – 9.592 mg/L, 17.788 – 41.292 mg/L, 13.842 – 15.631 mg/L and 9.177 – 11.030 mg/L respectively. Apart from pH, all other test parameters showed significant discrepancies ( p < 0.05) in the different samples. The observed variation suggests that different factors are influencing the microbial and physicochemical characteristics of palm wine in the study area. The microbial density was within tolerable limits (10 4 to 10 5 ) in food as specified by the International Commission on Microbiological Specifications for Foods. The high microbial population suggests the need to regularly evaluate microbial density in palm wine to forestall potential health risks associated with its consumption.","PeriodicalId":267114,"journal":{"name":"Research and Review Insights","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128043593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parasitic (Protozoan) cardiomyopathy: A review and pooled analysis of pathophysiology, diagnosis and clinical management","authors":"Aref Albakri","doi":"10.15761/RRI.1000152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/RRI.1000152","url":null,"abstract":"Human parasitic infections constitute a substantial but neglected disease burden. Protozoa and helminths are two parasites groups known to be pathogenic to the human heart. Trypanosoma cruzi, Trypanosoma brucei, toxoplasma, plasmodium and Leishmania are the most frequent protozoa that can establish infections in human resulting in a wide spectrum of cardiac manifestations. The involvement of the myocardium can manifest as protozoan cardiomyopathy in many resource-constrained countries. However, at present, resource-rich countries are encountering diagnoses of parasitic infections with cardiac involvement attributable to increasing travel and migration, blood transfusions, growing numbers of immunodeficient patients – a worldwide epidemic of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), and increasing transplant recipients and use of immunosuppressive agents. Clinicians across the globe need to be aware of the potential cardiac involvement after parasitic infection in vulnerable individuals and in endemic areas. This paper reviews published evidence on protozoal parasites that can infect the myocardium, including the pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of protozoan cardiomyopathy. The paper also highlights areas of limited knowledge that could benefit from additional research. *Correspondence to: Aref Albakri, St-Marien hospital Bonn Venusberg, Department of Internal Medicine, Bonn, Germany, E-mail: arefalbakri@yahoo. com","PeriodicalId":267114,"journal":{"name":"Research and Review Insights","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134463183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of micronutrient enriched algae, microorganisms and insects for food and feed: Perspectives and updates","authors":"Beatriz Felices Rando, Eldon R. Rene","doi":"10.15761/rri.1000159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/rri.1000159","url":null,"abstract":"The high demand of proteins has led to an excessive production of meat, causing many problems such as greenhouse gas emissions and an insufficient supply for the actual protein demand. Although, numerous new sources of proteins have been introduced in the market recently, this has only contributed to the hike in prices of basic food supplies. Thus, researchers and traditional dietricians have found several alternative solutions for meeting the protein requirements, including algae, microorganisms and insects. But there are some issues that need to be overcome before these resources can be completely implemented in the large scale food industry, e.g. health effects, approval from country wise food and agricultural agencies, economical profitability, large scale production and optimization of water requirements, harvesting and downstream processing. This mini-review highlights the perspectives of using algae, microorganisms, enzymes, easily available worms and insects as sources of proteins and ascertains its protein efficiency ratio (PER).","PeriodicalId":267114,"journal":{"name":"Research and Review Insights","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127491813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial Properties of Tetrapleura tetraptera pod against some pathogens","authors":"E. Enaregha, Sylvester Chibueze Izah, Queen Okiriya","doi":"10.15761/rri.1000165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/rri.1000165","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed the antibacterial properties of aqueous, acetone and ethanolic extracts of Tetrapleura tetraptera pod. The samples were bought from Swali market in Yenagoa, Bayelsa state, Nigeria. Water (aqueous), acetone and ethanol were used for the extraction. Agar well diffusion sensitivity testing was employed for the study. Zone of inhibition results for Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas species, Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus species were 8.00mm, 8.00mm, 8.67mm and 9.00mm, respectively for aqueous extracts, 9.33mm, 9.00mm, 11.67mm and 10.00mm, respectively for acetone extracts, and 13.00, 11.33mm, 13.33mm and 12.00mm, respectively for ethanolic extracts. Analysis of variance showed that there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the zone of inhibition across the various isolates for aqueous, acetone and ethanolic extracts of Tetrapleura tetraptera pod . Based on comparison of the efficacy of the extracts with Ampiclox, the activities were in the statistical order: aqueous< acetone < ethanol <Ampiclox. This indicates that different solvents have varying effects on the antibacterial potentials of the extracts. On the overall, the zone of inhibition exhibited showed that Tetrapleura tetraptera can be used in the development of broad spectrum antibiotics. Hence the need to extract the compounds responsible for antibacterial activities of Tetrapleura tetraptera pods.","PeriodicalId":267114,"journal":{"name":"Research and Review Insights","volume":"174 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121624363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Narrative review of published evidence","authors":"Gitana Diana Stukaite","doi":"10.15761/rri.1000156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/rri.1000156","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Currently, there is paucity of published evidence on the Virtual Fracture Clinic (VFC) model. There are limited resources from which conclusions could be drawn relating to the management of orthopaedic conditions, cost effectiveness, quality and safety, patient satisfaction rates and management when using the VFC model. Objectives: This narrative review of current published evidence aims to reveal how cost effective the VFC model is in relation to the orthopaedic management of both children and adults in the United Kingdom (UK). The review also seeks to identify gaps in current available literature and make recommendations for further research into the VFC model. Methods: This narrative review is secondary research of the evidence available on the VFC using a systematic approach. Seven electronic databases were searched to identify relevant peer-reviewed studies published since January 2010. The literature review identified 678 initial articles produced by undertaking key word searches (appendix I). A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) diagram was used to assist in illustrating the process of filtering and applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria to the search retrieval which subsequently led to 32 articles [1]. In total 14 relevant papers were selected following deduplication. Seven studies of various study types were selected and subjected to critical analysis using a systematic approach [2,3]. The main themes that have been selected are identified in Table 1. Results: No Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs) or systematic reviews were found regarding VFCs. Seven articles were identified and reviewed following an in- depth databases search, these consisted of clinical audits, simulation study, comparison study, perspective analysis and retrospective research. All studies were from the UK only. One paper focused on paediatric fractures, two dedicated their research to Webber B ankle breaks and fifth metatarsal, including Jones fractures. The other four research articles consisted of mainly cost comparison and service redesign studies. All studies but one, by White, et al. (2017) reported positive findings. Overall, cost effectiveness of VFCs ranged from £13.91 per patient to £122. Individual study trusts estimated variable cost savings, ranging from £81,920 to £212,705, also Nationally approximate projections confirmed sums reaching £1,1 million per year. that there are potential cost savings to be made when using the VFC model. Current financial projections cannot be taken for granted at this present time. Further robust evidence such RCTs or systematic reviews with meta-analysis are required before final conclusions can be drawn regarding cost effectiveness when using the VFC model throughout the UK.","PeriodicalId":267114,"journal":{"name":"Research and Review Insights","volume":"18 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120911654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endocrine cardiomyopathy: A review and pooled analysis of pathophysiology, diagnosis and clinical management","authors":"Aref Albakri","doi":"10.15761/rri.1000153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/rri.1000153","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":267114,"journal":{"name":"Research and Review Insights","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129793788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}