{"title":"A quality of service negotiation procedure for distributed multimedia presentational applications","authors":"A. Hafid, G. Bochmann, B. Kerhervé","doi":"10.1109/HPDC.1996.546203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HPDC.1996.546203","url":null,"abstract":"Most current approaches in designing and implementing distributed multimedia (MM) presentational applications have concentrated on the performance of the continuous media file servers in terms of seek-time overhead and real-time disk scheduling; particularly, the quality of service (QoS) negotiation mechanisms they provide are used in a rather static manner, i.e. these mechanisms are restricted to the evaluation of the capacity of certain system components. In contrast to those approaches, we propose a general QoS negotiation framework that supports the dynamic choice of a configuration of system components to support the QoS requirements of the user of a specific application: we consider different possible system configurations and select an optimal one to provide the appropriate QoS support. We document the design and implementation of a QoS negotiation procedure for distributed MM presentational applications, such as news-on-demand. The negotiation procedure described is an instantiation of the general framework for QoS negotiation. Our proposal differs in many respect with the negotiation functions provided by existing approaches: (1) the negotiation process uses an optimization approach to find a configuration of system components which supports the user requirements, (2) the negotiation process supports the negotiation of a MM document and not only a single monomedia object, (3) the QoS negotiation takes into account the cost to the user; (4) the negotiation process may be used to support automatic adaptation to react to QoS degradations, without intervention by the user/application.","PeriodicalId":267002,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 5th IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131180872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Automatic exploitation of dual level parallelism on a network of multiprocessors","authors":"S. Kumaran, M. J. Quinn","doi":"10.1109/HPDC.1996.546232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HPDC.1996.546232","url":null,"abstract":"We describe a software environment for high performance distributed computing on a network of multiprocessor workstations. In designing this environment, we have used a problem oriented approach as opposed to the traditional algorithm oriented approach. This paradigm shift enables us to generate efficient programs automatically for a well defined class of problems. Thus, our system frees the users from the esoteric tasks of algorithm design and implementation. An important feature of our system is its ability to handle the large variation in granularity-we call this dual level parallelism-in a hybrid processing environment. This feature is the key to the superior efficiency delivered by the system. We give preliminary results from a case study in which our system is used to generate programs automatically for a scientific application, with a network of multiprocessors as the target platform.","PeriodicalId":267002,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 5th IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127588703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Bouras, V. Kapoulas, D. Miras, V. Ouzounis, P. Spirakis, A. Tatakis
{"title":"On-demand hypermedia/multimedia service over broadband networks","authors":"C. Bouras, V. Kapoulas, D. Miras, V. Ouzounis, P. Spirakis, A. Tatakis","doi":"10.1109/HPDC.1996.546192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HPDC.1996.546192","url":null,"abstract":"We present a unified approach for delivering hypermedia/multimedia objects over broadband networks. Documents are stored in various multimedia servers, while the inline data may reside in their own media servers, attached to the multimedia servers. The described service consists of several multimedia servers and a set of functions that intend to present to the end user interactive information in real time. Users interact with the service requesting multimedia documents on demand. Various media streams are transmitted over different parallel connections according to their transmission requirements. The hypermedia documents are structured using a hypermedia markup language that keeps information of the spatio temporal relationships among document's media components. In order to deal with the variant network behavior, buffering manipulation mechanisms and grading of the transmitted media quality techniques are proposed to smooth presentation and synchronization anomalies.","PeriodicalId":267002,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 5th IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120947760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Controlling QoS in a collaborative multimedia environment","authors":"M. Alfano, R. Sigle","doi":"10.1109/HPDC.1996.546204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HPDC.1996.546204","url":null,"abstract":"A collaborative multimedia environment (CME) allows users to works remotely on common projects by sharing applications (e.g. CAD tools, text editors, white boards) and simultaneously communicate audiovisually. Several dedicated applications (e.g. MBone tools) exist for transmitting video, audio and data between users. Due to the fact that they have been developed for the Internet, which does not provide any quality of service (QoS) guarantee, these applications do not or only partially support specification of QoS requirements by the user. In addition, they all come with different user interfaces. In this paper, we first discuss the problems that we experienced both at the host and network levels when executing a multimedia application and varying its resource requirements. We then present the architectural details of a CME that we have been developing in order to help a user to set up and control a collaborative multimedia session.","PeriodicalId":267002,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 5th IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116202160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A broadband multimedia TeleLearning system","authors":"Ruiping Wang, A. Karmouch","doi":"10.1109/HPDC.1996.546182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HPDC.1996.546182","url":null,"abstract":"We discuss a broadband multimedia telelearning system under development in the Multimedia Information Research Laboratory at the University of Ottawa. The system aims at providing a seamless environment for telelearning using the latest telecommunication and multimedia information processing technology. It basically consists of a media production center, a courseware author site, a courseware database, a courseware user site, and an online facilitator site. All these components are distributed over an ATM network and work together to offer a multimedia interactive courseware service. An MHEG-based model is exploited in designing the system architecture to achieve the real-time, interactive, and reusable information interchange through heterogeneous platforms. The system architecture, courseware processing strategies, courseware document models are presented.","PeriodicalId":267002,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 5th IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115968845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"QUANTA: quality of service architecture for native TCP/IP over ATM networks","authors":"S. Dharanikota, K. Maly","doi":"10.1109/HPDC.1996.546229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HPDC.1996.546229","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a quality of service (QoS) architecture, QUANTA, for an end system protocol suite. We use TCP(UDP)/IP over ATM as a testbed to develop the architecture. We measure the application level QoS in terms of throughput, delay, round trip time, and loss to identify the base line performance an application can expect from such an environment. From the no-load condition we measure the behavior of these protocols at various data rates and user submitted data block sizes. We demonstrate the tradeoffs involved in obtaining high throughput, low delays, low round trip time, and zero losses at different data rates. We use host load condition experiments to understand the interaction between the CPU intensive jobs and the communication intensive jobs. We use network load condition experiments to observe interaction between multiple streams of the above two protocol suites, and its effect on the application QoS. Given these observations we define the missing components in the current protocol architectures to provide tighter control on the QoS guarantees. Components we define in QUANTA include a two level application to network QoS translator protocol tuning components, local feedback component, class based scheduling etc.","PeriodicalId":267002,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 5th IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126464808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Distributed supercomputing using ACTS","authors":"Manu Konchady","doi":"10.1109/HPDC.1996.546186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HPDC.1996.546186","url":null,"abstract":"One of NASA's research and development satellite communications projects is the Advanced Communications Technology Satellite (ACTS) program. Applications utilizing high speed networks will be developed using satellite links. One such application is a distributed coupled global climate model. Climate models to study phenomena such as El Nino have been extremely useful in developing predictions and understanding global climate change. The high cost of running extended simulations necessary to substantiate theories can be reduced by using a network of supercomputers. A coupled ocean-atmosphere model has been implemented on a network of three Cray supercomputers.","PeriodicalId":267002,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 5th IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing","volume":"1101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133733043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Collecting and modeling the join/leave behavior of multicast group members in the MBone","authors":"K. Almeroth, M. Ammar","doi":"10.1109/HPDC.1996.546190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HPDC.1996.546190","url":null,"abstract":"One purpose of the MBone is to study the performance of multicast and real time protocol in global conferencing applications. Part of this evaluation is dependent on understanding how the MBone is used and developing realistic workloads and usage models to assist in protocol evaluation. We have developed a tool, called Mlisten, to accurately collect the join/leave times for multicast group members in MBone audio sessions. Using data collected with Mlisten and a set of analysis tools, we report statistics about several MBone audio sessions including member inter arrival times and durations, multicast tree routing information, and group spatial characteristics. Data was also collected and analyzed for all active sessions to produce information about movement among multicast groups.","PeriodicalId":267002,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 5th IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131543441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of delays in parallel I/O system: an empirical study","authors":"C. R. Venugopal, S. Rao","doi":"10.1109/HPDC.1996.546220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HPDC.1996.546220","url":null,"abstract":"Performance of I/O intensive applications on a multiprocessor system depends mostly on the variety of disk access delays encountered in the I/O system. Over the years, the improvement in disk performance has taken place more slowly than the corresponding increase in processor speeds. It is therefore necessary to model I/O delays and evaluate performance benefits of moving an application to a better multiprocessor system. We perform such an analysis by measuring I/O delays for a synthesized application that uses a parallel distributed file system. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance benefits of better disks in a multiprocessor system. We report on how the I/O performance would be affected if an application were to run on a system which would have better disks and communication links. In this study, we show a substantial improvement in the performance of an I/O system with better disks and communication links with respect to the existing system.","PeriodicalId":267002,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 5th IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115160213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mobile processing in open systems","authors":"P. Sapaty","doi":"10.1109/HPDC.1996.546187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HPDC.1996.546187","url":null,"abstract":"A universal spatial automaton, called WAVE, for highly parallel processing in arbitrary distributed systems is described. The automaton is based on a virus principle where recursive programs, or waves, self-navigate in networks of data or processes in multiple cooperative parts while controlling and modifying the environment they exist in and move through. The layered general organisation of the automaton as well as its distributed implementation in computer networks are discussed. As the automaton dynamically creates, modifies, activates and processes any knowledge networks arbitrarily distributed in computer networks, it can easily model any other paradigms for parallel and distributed computing. Comparison of WAVE with some known programming models and languages, and ideas of their possible integration are also given.","PeriodicalId":267002,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 5th IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125228909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}