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characterization of Zn-Mg-Al based coating Zn-Mg-Al基涂层的表征
METAL 2021 Conference Proeedings Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37904/metal.2021.4202
P. Mohyla, J. Vontorová, K. Slamová
{"title":"characterization of Zn-Mg-Al based coating","authors":"P. Mohyla, J. Vontorová, K. Slamová","doi":"10.37904/metal.2021.4202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2021.4202","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to characterize Zn-Mg-Al based coating by profile analysis and determine its thickness as a basic property of the coatings. The most frequently used method for its determination is optical microscopy, but it is time-consuming and destructive. Glow Discharge Optical Emission Spectrometry (GDOES) was chosen as the second method for determining both the thickness and the chemical composition of the coating. The results show that both methods give statistically identical results. The suitability of using GDOES for Zn-layer analysis has already been demonstrated in the literature, and this work confirms these conclusions. Its use for the analysis of alloy layers has been verified by this work.","PeriodicalId":266696,"journal":{"name":"METAL 2021 Conference Proeedings","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122072389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Influence of Ferro-Silicon Addition on the Reduction and Sulfurization of Co, Cu and Ge- Bearing Smelter Slag with Carbon and Calcium Sulfate 添加硅铁对含Co、Cu、Ge冶炼渣用碳和硫酸钙还原硫化的影响
METAL 2021 Conference Proeedings Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37904/metal.2021.4245
Junior Ngoyi Kayembe, Michel Kalenga Wa Kalenga, D. Nyembwe
{"title":"The Influence of Ferro-Silicon Addition on the Reduction and Sulfurization of Co, Cu and Ge- Bearing Smelter Slag with Carbon and Calcium Sulfate","authors":"Junior Ngoyi Kayembe, Michel Kalenga Wa Kalenga, D. Nyembwe","doi":"10.37904/metal.2021.4245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2021.4245","url":null,"abstract":"The current appetite for base metals, primary metals resources are being depleted; theneed to recycling waste of primary metallurgy such as slag is on the rise. This study investigates the recovery of Ge, Cu and Co with ferrosilicon addition from Ge-copper bearing slag from STL/Gecamines in the Democratic Republic of Congo during carbothermic reduction and sulfurization. Characterization was conducted using XRF, XRD and SEM-EDS while a bench scale alumina tube furnace was used for the experiments. Coke was used as reductant while calcium sulfate (CaSO 4 -high purity) was added for sulfurization. Graphite crucibles were used for the experiments and the furnace set for 1400 °C using Eurotherm temperature controller. To limit the interaction between the graphite crucible and the slag, CO was blown in at 0.01 l/min. Products were characterized using XRD coupled with Origin 8.5 software and SEM-EDS. Results have revealed that Cu, Co and Ge were displaced to a matte phase. However, the displacement of Ge from the silicates matrix to the metallic phase was observed. The formation of CuGeFe, CoFe, CuS, FeS and some Cu were present in the metallic phase when FeSi increased in presence of CaSO 4 whereas more amorphous slag was produced due to high silica content.","PeriodicalId":266696,"journal":{"name":"METAL 2021 Conference Proeedings","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122173980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Degradation evaluation using miniaturized tensile samples 使用小型化拉伸试样进行降解评价
METAL 2021 Conference Proeedings Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37904/metal.2021.4154
M. Rund, P. Konopík, J. Horváth, E. Chvostová, S. Rzepa, L. Horvath
{"title":"Degradation evaluation using miniaturized tensile samples","authors":"M. Rund, P. Konopík, J. Horváth, E. Chvostová, S. Rzepa, L. Horvath","doi":"10.37904/metal.2021.4154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2021.4154","url":null,"abstract":"Many power plant operators are currently struggling with the problem of expiring the design life of components. The question often arises whether to continue the operation of the equipment or if it is already necessary to shut down/overhaul it. The knowledge of mechanical properties is therefore crucial. Semi-destructive sampling, subsequent production of mini tensile test specimens (M-TT) followed by mechanical testing can then provide the necessary information. The agreement between the results obtained using miniaturized and standard bodies has already been proven by many authors. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that the use of M-TT is possible even in the case of severely degraded materials. The experiment was performed on SUPER 304H austenitic steel in the ground state and in the degraded state","PeriodicalId":266696,"journal":{"name":"METAL 2021 Conference Proeedings","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122235473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Innovative hybrid method to produce ultra-fine grained metal sheets for micro forming 创新的混合方法生产用于微成形的超细晶粒金属板
METAL 2021 Conference Proeedings Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37904/metal.2021.4110
J. Goliński, W. Presz, M. Hussain
{"title":"Innovative hybrid method to produce ultra-fine grained metal sheets for micro forming","authors":"J. Goliński, W. Presz, M. Hussain","doi":"10.37904/metal.2021.4110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2021.4110","url":null,"abstract":"For micro forming process, the initial material of sheet metal is desired, with the thickness below 1 mm. Miniature parts have tight dimensional tolerances and require low surface roughness. These qualities are relatively easy to achieve if the material of the sheets used are ultra-fine grained. This paper introduces a I-ECAP-R method to produce the above mentioned sheet metal. The method consists of sequential use of two multistage processes. The first process includes incremental pressing of a 3 mm thick sheet metal. The second one is multi-stage rolling to flatten the sheets. Initial runs using 1050 Aluminium have shown promising results. These were obtained with a help of two invented technological tests: MB, micro-blanking with a blank holder and MTE, micro-extrusion with tension. In both tests. The maximum shaping force increased by 16.5 % and 24.7 %, respectively, and the tendency to locate deformations decreased, as evidenced by the shift of the points of maximum force in the direction of the punch displacement by 26.4 % and 4.7 %, respectively. SEM studies of the fracture surfaces did not show significant differences in the nature of deformation processes ended with loss of cohesion. Both the UFG and CG material show similar bundle fracture.","PeriodicalId":266696,"journal":{"name":"METAL 2021 Conference Proeedings","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117298231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
small punch test - Two methods of TSP temperature determination 小冲孔试验。TSP温度测定的两种方法
METAL 2021 Conference Proeedings Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37904/metal.2021.4158
S. Stejskalová, L. Kander, P. Čížek
{"title":"small punch test - Two methods of TSP temperature determination","authors":"S. Stejskalová, L. Kander, P. Čížek","doi":"10.37904/metal.2021.4158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2021.4158","url":null,"abstract":"Small punch test is very useful method for evaluation of actual material properties of components especially in power industry. Two standards cover small punch test method – European standard and ASTM standard. These standards unified the main parameters of small punch test set-up and correlation relationships for the evaluation of mechanical, fracture and creep properties. The paper deals with comparison of two methods for determination of T SP temperature used to evaluate DBTT. The historically used two-curve method relies on two distinctive energies - the fracture energy at the zero-point of the absolute temperature, that is determined by extrapolating the fitted function for the lower shelf, and the fracture energy at the intersection point between the fits for the lower and upper shelves. The method preferred by new standards calculates T SP temperature by fitting a tangential function in the similar way as various formulas used for evaluation of Charpy tests. Presented paper deals with an evaluation of T SP temperature by both methods. The effect of using both 2 mm and 2.5 mm diameter punches is assessed too.","PeriodicalId":266696,"journal":{"name":"METAL 2021 Conference Proeedings","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128443039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Possibilities of zinc extraction from galvanic sludges by means of electrolysis 电解法从电污泥中提取锌的可能性
METAL 2021 Conference Proeedings Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37904/metal.2021.4244
J. Drápala, D. Petlák, S. Brožová, J. Malcharcziková, Š. Langová, J. Vontorová, Hana Rigoulet, Václav Nétek, Jaroslav Kubáč, Martina Reková, J. Svec, Dominik Janáček
{"title":"Possibilities of zinc extraction from galvanic sludges by means of electrolysis","authors":"J. Drápala, D. Petlák, S. Brožová, J. Malcharcziková, Š. Langová, J. Vontorová, Hana Rigoulet, Václav Nétek, Jaroslav Kubáč, Martina Reková, J. Svec, Dominik Janáček","doi":"10.37904/metal.2021.4244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2021.4244","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the work is a proposal of innovative technology of metal waste processing – sludges and filtration cakes from galvanizing plants. The paper deals with possibilities of zinc obtaining from waste of galvanic sludge, which arises during galvanic plating. A leaching process in an acid environment was optimized in the laboratory, resulting in separation of iron and organic components from sludge. The obtained leach was processed by means of the electrolysis in order to get pure zinc. Results of chemical analyses of individual products at the hydrometallurgical processes are presented in the article.","PeriodicalId":266696,"journal":{"name":"METAL 2021 Conference Proeedings","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128470811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
QUANTITATIVE DESCRIPTION OF THE SUBSTRUCTURE OF HOT-DEFORMED A-286 SUPERALLOY 热变形a-286高温合金亚组织的定量描述
METAL 2021 Conference Proeedings Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37904/metal.2021.4115
K. Ducki, J. Mendala, L. Wojtynek
{"title":"QUANTITATIVE DESCRIPTION OF THE SUBSTRUCTURE OF HOT-DEFORMED A-286 SUPERALLOY","authors":"K. Ducki, J. Mendala, L. Wojtynek","doi":"10.37904/metal.2021.4115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2021.4115","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of initial soaking and parameters of hot plastic working on the substructure of the A-286 superalloy have been presented. The research was performed on a torsion plastometer in the range of temperature 900 – 1150 °C, at a strain rates of 0.1 s -1 and 1.0 s -1 . The structural inspections were performed on longitudinal microsections taken from plastometric samples after so-called “freezing”. The examination of the microstructure was carried out, using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Direct measurements on the TEM micrographs allowed the calculation of substructural parameters: the mean subgrain area, and the mean dislocation density. An analysis of the examination results of the alloy substructure revealed dynamic recovery, recrystallization and repolygonization, occurring consecutively in the course of hot deformation. A detailed investigations has shown that substructure of alloy is inhomogeneous, consists of dense dislocation walls, subgrains and recrystallized regions.","PeriodicalId":266696,"journal":{"name":"METAL 2021 Conference Proeedings","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124610911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
microstructurE investigation and selected properties of Ni-cr-re coatings deposited by means of PLASMA spraying 等离子喷涂Ni-cr-re涂层的显微组织研究及性能选择
METAL 2021 Conference Proeedings Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37904/metal.2021.4192
K. Tobota, Beata Skowrońska, M. Chmielewski, R. Świercz, Tadeusz Sałaciński, T. Chmielewski
{"title":"microstructurE investigation and selected properties of Ni-cr-re coatings deposited by means of PLASMA spraying","authors":"K. Tobota, Beata Skowrońska, M. Chmielewski, R. Świercz, Tadeusz Sałaciński, T. Chmielewski","doi":"10.37904/metal.2021.4192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2021.4192","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents selected results of microstructural investigation of Ni-Cr-Re coatings deposited by means of plasma thermal spray. The substrate made of 16Mo3 chromium molybdenum boiler steel was sprayed with a powder material of Oerlikon Amdry 4535 80% Ni, 20% Cr, 20÷45μm, to which 1% of metallic rhenium was added. Rhenium are an alloying additive that improves the heat resistance of alloys, creep, and high temperature oxidation resistance. Alloys with the addition of rhenium are widely used in aviation and power industry. Metallographic microscopic examinations, microhardness tests and surface profilometry were carried out. has a higher hardness than a substrate made of 16Mo3 steel, oscillating around the value of 230 HV0.2. The particles of Re are evenly dispersed, they can be easily identified in the SEM image due to the high density of rhenium. In the microscopic image, we observe them in the form of bright inclusions with dimensions of a few micrometres. The interface between the coating and the substrate shows no defects and discontinuities. The coating material evenly fills the unevenness of the substrate surface.","PeriodicalId":266696,"journal":{"name":"METAL 2021 Conference Proeedings","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130511148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hydrometallurgical methods of galvanic sludge processing 电污泥处理的湿法冶金方法
METAL 2021 Conference Proeedings Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37904/metal.2021.4233
S. Brožová, J. Drápala, Š. Langová, J. Vontorová, Hana Rigoulet, Václav Nétek, Jaroslav Kubáč, Martina Reková, J. Svec, Dominik Janáček, Jaroslav Havránek
{"title":"Hydrometallurgical methods of galvanic sludge processing","authors":"S. Brožová, J. Drápala, Š. Langová, J. Vontorová, Hana Rigoulet, Václav Nétek, Jaroslav Kubáč, Martina Reková, J. Svec, Dominik Janáček, Jaroslav Havránek","doi":"10.37904/metal.2021.4233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2021.4233","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with the possibility of obtaining zinc and iron from waste galvanic sludge, which arises during galvanic plating. The practical part describes laboratory experiments of the hydrometallurgical process of leaching in acids, with the addition of oxidizing agents. Subsequent chemical analyzes of leachate and leachate. Finally, other procedures for possible recovery of metals as secondary raw materials are indicated.","PeriodicalId":266696,"journal":{"name":"METAL 2021 Conference Proeedings","volume":"263 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121428271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
An analysis of the influence double normalization process on mechanical properties and microstructure 38MNVS6 steel 双正火工艺对38MNVS6钢力学性能和组织的影响分析
METAL 2021 Conference Proeedings Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37904/metal.2021.4162
D. Siwiec, R. Dwornicka, A. Pacana
{"title":"An analysis of the influence double normalization process on mechanical properties and microstructure 38MNVS6 steel","authors":"D. Siwiec, R. Dwornicka, A. Pacana","doi":"10.37904/metal.2021.4162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2021.4162","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the article is to analyse of the impact the double normalization process of 38MnVS6 micro-alloy steel on the achievement of the required microstructure and selected mechanical properties. The analysis was made based on values of elongation at break and the criterion of the minimum permissible breaking work. The products used in the automotive industry were analysed. It were the forgings from 38MnVS6 steel in ball-shape and weights 28N forged at a temperature of 1250°C. It was shown that the double normalization process of 38MnVS6 steel was improved its microstructure and allowed on achieving the needs mechanical properties. The results shown in the work can be useful for other enterprises to achieve the effective processing of products, e.g. from the automotive industry.","PeriodicalId":266696,"journal":{"name":"METAL 2021 Conference Proeedings","volume":"154 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114767478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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