{"title":"Design and Implementation of a Data Compression Scheme: A Partial Matching Approach","authors":"F. Choong, M. Reaz, T. C. Chin, F. Mohd-Yasin","doi":"10.1109/CGIV.2006.94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CGIV.2006.94","url":null,"abstract":"Data compression is an essential process due to the need to reduce the average time required to send messages and reduce the data size for storage purposes. There is a vital need for lossless compression especially for text and binary compression because it is important to ensure that the restructured text is identical to the original text. The predictive by partial matching (PPM) data compression scheme has set the performance standard in lossless compression throughout the past decade. PPM is chosen as it is capable of very good compression on a variety of data. In this paper, we present the realization of data compression using PPM on Altera FLEX10K FPGA device that allows for efficient hardware implementation. The PPM algorithm for binary data compression was successfully written and modeled in VHDL. The design is followed by the timing analysis and circuit synthesis for the validation, functionality and performance of the designated circuit which supports the practicality, advantages and effectiveness of the proposed hardware realization for the application. The designed was verified using both 16-bit input and 32-bit input. The hardware prototype utilized 1164 logic cells with a maximum system frequency of 95.3MHz","PeriodicalId":264596,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualisation (CGIV'06)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127601750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Using Perspective in 3D File Management: Rotating Windows and Billboarded Icons","authors":"J. Maltby","doi":"10.1109/CGIV.2006.88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CGIV.2006.88","url":null,"abstract":"The evaluation and comparison of 2D and 3D workspace environments is a hot topic. Much has been said concerning the promise of 3D workspaces but much less has been realised. Part of the problem appears to be the difficulty of developing 3D GUIs with high usabilities and effective navigation mechanisms. Many early environments simulated a 3D office but all suffered from a range of problems, from poor navigation to issues of spatial cognition. Indeed, most researchers now consider an office to be an inappropriate metaphor for an effective 3D computer environment. This paper describes the development of a 3D workspace based directly on the WIMP metaphor as opposed to a desktop or office metaphor. The environment uses rotating transparent 2D windows in a 3D world and presents icons as billboards","PeriodicalId":264596,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualisation (CGIV'06)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129040802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Debugging Trellis Decoding of Augmented RAC Array Codes Using a Visual Tool","authors":"L. Kaya, M. Al-Qudah","doi":"10.1109/CGIV.2006.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CGIV.2006.34","url":null,"abstract":"Two-dimensional (2D) row and column (RAC) codes are constructed from single parity check (SPC) component codes. Parity check positions of a RAC code can be augmented to improve code rate, resulting augmented RAC (ARAC) code. The augmentation process can be conducted on only row-parity check positions (ARAC-R), or on both row/column positions (ARAC-RC). A visual tool for debugging the process of Viterbi algorithm (VA) decoding of these codes has been designed and implemented. The ARAC code parameters can be selected through a pull-down menu and accordingly a trellis diagram is constructed. Based on the received data, branch-metrics, path-metrics, and surviving path details all can be visually viewed on the trellis diagram. The tool provides an interface for introducing errors at specific array positions and their effect on output sequence can be easily determined","PeriodicalId":264596,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualisation (CGIV'06)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115715218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Implicit Blends with an Individual Blending Range Control on Every Primitive’s Subsequent Blend","authors":"Pi-Chung Hsu","doi":"10.1109/CGIV.2006.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CGIV.2006.57","url":null,"abstract":"In implicit surfaces, implicit blends are important because they can be used to construct a complex surface from primitive surfaces. Among existing blends, blends with a blending range control are applied very wide because they can deform blended primitives locally after blending. However, this kind of blends usually behaves like a pure union blend Min(f<sub>1</sub>,...,f<sub>k</sub>) on non-blending regions. Hence, when they are used as a new primitive in other blends, their primitives always have similar subsequent blending surfaces with the primitives in their subsequent blends. To solve this problem, this paper proposes new implicit blends that can provide parameters to individually adjust their primitives' subsequent blending surfaces, without deforming the original blending surfaces. The proposed blends can provide parameters m<sub>1</sub>,...,m<sub>k</sub> to enable their primitives f <sub>1</sub>,...,f<sub>k</sub> to behave like Min(f<sub>1</sub>/m<sub>1 </sub>,...,f<sub>k</sub>/m<sub>k</sub>) on non-blending regions and its original blending surface does not change whatever positive values m<sub>1</sub>,...,m<sub>k</sub> are set. As a result, in sequential blends, the subsequent blending surfaces of f<sub>1</sub>,...,f<sub>k </sub> can be adjusted respectively by varying parameters m<sub>1</sub>,...,m<sub>k</sub>. Furthermore, this paper also proposes a generalized method that can transform some of existing blends into a new blend with the ability stated above","PeriodicalId":264596,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualisation (CGIV'06)","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124999606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Effective Stratified Sampling Scheme for Environment Maps with Median Cut Method","authors":"Xing Mei, M. Jaeger, Bao-Gang Hu","doi":"10.1109/CGIV.2006.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CGIV.2006.19","url":null,"abstract":"Environment maps are extensively used as natural light sources in realistic rendering. We propose a stratified sampling scheme for environment maps by first stratifying the maps into a set of rectangular regions with median cut method, then estimating the contribution of the regions with Monte Carlo integration techniques. In this way, illumination, surface reflectance and spatial distribution are all taken into consideration for the generation of the light samples. Compared with the existing biased lighting techniques, the presented scheme produces unbiased rendering results with less noise and better shadow boundaries, particularly at low sampling rates. The proposed spatial distribution of the samples also helps to overcome the sample-clumping problem in traditional illumination-based importance sampling method. Experimental results indicate that the scheme is fast, simple to implement and effective","PeriodicalId":264596,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualisation (CGIV'06)","volume":"193 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115644799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"3D-Visualization Techniques, Including Samples and Applications","authors":"W. Schuhr, E. Kanngieser","doi":"10.1109/CGIV.2006.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CGIV.2006.5","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with new aspects of 3D- visualization techniques as state-of the-art tools for recording, documentation, interpretation. To give an idea of the outstanding documentary value of 3D-images and of its broad range of applications, masterpieces for stereoviews and for forensic 3Dphotography are initially presented. Since these samples represent huge stereoview collections, this paper also deals with international 3D- imagearchives. First time gaining \"3D-niche-photography\" based on a telescope-rod-Lite-platform is introduced. Finally a new way to derive terrain-heights from image-parallax-values is shown for aerial photography and for SAR-imagery, as well as a completed list of virtual 3D-visualization methodology","PeriodicalId":264596,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualisation (CGIV'06)","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129537723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Abstraction and Interaction: an Art System for White Noise","authors":"E. Edmonds","doi":"10.1109/CGIV.2006.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CGIV.2006.15","url":null,"abstract":"This describes the development of an interactive audio/visual art system and discusses both the context of the work, in abstraction and noise, and the employment of audience testing as an integral part of the process","PeriodicalId":264596,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualisation (CGIV'06)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133302466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Augmented Reality for the Real World","authors":"B. Wilkinson, P. Calder","doi":"10.1109/CGIV.2006.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CGIV.2006.24","url":null,"abstract":"Augmented reality (AR) systems suitable for use in everyday situations should not intrude unduly on their user's lifestyle (or that of others around them). This paper argues that such systems should make use of technologies and devices such as mobile phones, PDAs, and portable entertainment units that people are likely to be already using for other purposes. However, such devices have limited capabilities, which present challenges when designing a system for interaction with a 3D world. This paper describes a prototype lightweight AR system built from off-the-shelf components and discusses some of the techniques we are developing to enable effective interaction with the system","PeriodicalId":264596,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualisation (CGIV'06)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131902545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stereo Image Matching Using Wavelet Scale-Space Representation","authors":"A. Bhatti, S. Nahavandi","doi":"10.1109/CGIV.2006.80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CGIV.2006.80","url":null,"abstract":"A multi-resolution technique for matching a stereo pair of images based on translation invariant discrete multi-wavelet transform is presented. The technique uses the well known coarse to fine strategy, involving the calculation of matching points at the coarsest level with consequent refinement up to the finest level. Vector coefficients of the wavelet transform modulus are used as matching features, where modulus maxima defines the shift invariant high-level features (multiscale edges) with phase pointing to the normal of the feature surface. The technique addresses the estimation of optimal corresponding points and the corresponding 2D disparity maps. Illuminative variation that can exist between the perspective views of the same scene is controlled using scale normalization at each decomposition level by dividing the details space coefficients with approximation space and then using normalized correlation. The problem of ambiguity, explicitly, and occlusion, implicitly, is addressed by using a geometric topological refinement procedure and symbolic tagging","PeriodicalId":264596,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualisation (CGIV'06)","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130888653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Variants of a New Volumetric Model for Dust Cloud Representation and Their Comparison to Existing Methods","authors":"D. Carr, Jim Geyer","doi":"10.1109/CGIV.2006.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CGIV.2006.89","url":null,"abstract":"To date, the techniques used in most real-time graphics applications (e.g. computer games) for modelling and representing dust clouds, centre around the use of flat, pre-drawn sprites, layered onto the screen as 'billboards'. While this can produce an adequate effect, it is not a very realistic representation. This paper presents a new method, based on an octree space-partitioning scheme for fast and memory-efficient storage of volumetric data. This approach differs from the billboards-based methods previously used, in that it attempts to properly represent the three-dimensional volume of the cloud. Two variants are presented, that differ in the algorithm used to construct the volumetric representation. Models visualising the dust cloud created by a fast travelling vehicle, are implemented and compared with the existing real-time methods","PeriodicalId":264596,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualisation (CGIV'06)","volume":"435 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114651147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}