Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy最新文献

{"title":"Gonadosomatic-hepatosomatic index and sex ratio of beardless barb (Cyclocheilichthys apogon) from Lebak Kalong Floodplain, Ogan Komering Ilir, South Sumatra, Indonesia","authors":"None Muslim Muslim, None Reno Irawan, None Azmi Afriansyah, None Ria Fahleny, None Anita Karolina, None Vera Ardelia, None Amanda Catharica","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2023.10.2.0065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2023.10.2.0065","url":null,"abstract":"The beardless barb (Cyclocheilichthys apogon) is one of the freshwater fish species native to Indonesia. Gonadosomatic index (GSI), hepatosomatic index (HSI), and sex ratio are parameters in the study of fish reproductive biology. The aim of this study was to calculate the gonadosomatic index, hepatosomatic index and sex ratio of C. apogon from the Lebak Kalong Floodplain, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency. A total of 30 C. apogon samples were used in this study. C. apogon samples were dissected to remove gonadal organs and liver organs from the abdominal cavity. The gonads and liver were weighed for the calculation of GSI and HSI, respectively. The results showed that the gonadosomatic index of female C. apogon ranged from 3.33% to 15.83%, and that of males ranged from 1.04% to 7.27%. The hepatosomatic index of female C. apogon ranged from 0.20% to 2.86%, and that of male fish ranged from 0.34% to 1.92%. The gonadosomatic index and hepatosomatic index of female C. apogon were heavier than those of males. The sex ratio was 1:1 (♂:♀). Knowledge of the gonadosomatic index, hepatosomatic index, and sex ratio can be used to determine the reproductive biology aspects of C. apogon. Further studies should be conducted to obtain more information on the reproductive aspects of C. apogon.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"42 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136228354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing the production and quality of the yield of Siam orange fruits in off-season period through the application of liquid organic and guano fertilizer","authors":"Ni Komang, Alit Astiari, Ni Putu, Anom Sulistiawati, I. Sutapa, I. N. Suaria, I. N. Rai, Adis Puspita Dewi","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2023.10.2.0066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2023.10.2.0066","url":null,"abstract":"This research was conducted in Belantih Village, Kintamani District, Bangli Regency, from October 2022 to June 2023. This research aimed to increase the production and quality of the yield of Siam orange through the application of liquid organic fertilizer from cow urine waste and guano fertilizer. This study used a randomized block design with 2 factors and 3 replications. The first factor was liquid organic fertilizer from cow urine waste consist of 4 concentration levels, i.e., 0 ml/l (C0); 5 ml/l (C1); 10 ml/l (C2) and 15 ml/l (C3), while the second factor was guano fertilizer consists of 4 dose levels, i.e., 0 g/tree (G0); 1 kg/tree (G1); 2 kg/tree (G2) and 3 kg/tree (G3). The results showed that the interaction between concentration of cow urine waste liquid fertilizer and guano fertilizer doses had no significant effect on all observed variables. Liquid organic from cow urine waste fertilizer improved the yield and quality of the fruits of Siam orange in off-season period, reflected by the higher of harvested fruit weight per tree and weight per fruit at a concentration of 15 ml/l (13.20 kg and 126.32 g), or an increase of 81.32% and 28.14% than those of control (7.28 kg and 98.58 g). While in the Guano fertilizer treatment, the weight per fruit and the weight of the harvested fruit per tree were highest at the dose of 3 kg/tree (118.50 g and 12.64 kg), or an increase of 10.05% and 33.33% compared to the control (107.68 g and 9.48 kg).","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"68 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139196939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of health and social implications of Gari factories for their host communities in Oyo State","authors":"I. Ologeh, Morufu Olakunle Amoo, O. J. Kehinde","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2023.10.2.0068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2023.10.2.0068","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is a comprehensive assessment of the health and environmental impacts of gari factories on their host communities in Oyo State, Nigeria. Four health centers in the host communities of the gari factories under study were surveyed using structured questionnaires to gather data on the prevalent illnesses and perceptions of the local health personnel. The IITA Health Center serviced the IITA gari factory, Moniya served the Laniyonu gari factory, Agunrege catered to the Agunrege gari factory, and Aafin Health Center provided healthcare services to the Sakutu Sabo Oyo gari factory. The study revealed valuable insights into the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the health personnel respondents at these health centers. Notably, these health personnel played a key role in understanding the health dynamics within their communities. The health personnel's responses highlighted the gari factories' impact on the health of their respective communities and the prevalent health issues. Malaria was common in all communities, while headaches, respiratory infections, and cough were reported in specific areas. Stagnant water and cassava peels were identified as sources of environmental concern. In addition to the health assessment, the study explored the social implications of gari processing in these communities. Residents' perceptions of the gari factories varied, with some communities appreciating their contributions to employment and environmental development while others raised concerns about environmental risks. The findings of this study indicate that Agunrege gari factory poses the highest health threats and environmental risk to its host community due to concerns related to smoke and air pollution. These insights can inform policies and interventions to mitigate the negative impact of gari processing on health and the environment in these communities.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"152 9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139208898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial activity of ethanol extract from Morinda citrifolia L. leaves and fruits collected in Tan Hung district, Long An province, Vietnam","authors":"None Nguyen Thị Thanh Thao, None Dang Thi Ngoc Thanh, None Hoang Minh Tam, None Pham Van Ngot","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2023.10.1.0062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2023.10.1.0062","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigated antibacterial activity of Morinda citrifolia L. collected in Tan Hung district, Long An Province in Vietnam. Antimicrobial activity of Morinda citrifolia L. was evaluated based on size of antibacterial zones of ethanol leaf and fruit extracts by agar well diffusion method. The results showed that ethanol leaf and fruit extracts produced growth inhibition zones against tested bacteria with diameters of smaller than 9.0 mm (1.80 - 6.72 mm and 1.66 - 8.06 mm, respectively). The lowest ethanol concentration of extracts inhibited growth of tested bacteria was 200 mg mL-1 and their antibacterial activity increased with increase in tested concentrations. In general, antibacterial effects of fruit extracts were higher than those of leaf extracts on bacterial growth. Antibacterial activity of ethanol extracts of Morinda citrifolia L. leaves and fruits were evaluated at weak degrees, according to Manuanza’s rating scale of antibacterial zones.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"53 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136018995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of knowledge on home management of malaria in under-fives among mothers and caregivers in Bende Local Government Area (LGA), Abia State, Nigeria","authors":"None Prince Ezenwa Ndubueze Onyemachi, None Ibe Ukariwe Ibe, None Franklin Emenike Igwe, None Amarachukwu Faith Okafor, None Udo Mark, None Rosemary Ichita Elekeh, None Obinna Prince Onyemachi","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2023.10.1.0063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2023.10.1.0063","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In Nigeria, pregnant mothers and under-five children are the vulnerable who are most at risk of malarial infections. Despite the presence of numerous accessible health facilities, the community-based home management of childhood fevers remains a very common practice in the country. Objectives: To evaluate knowledge on home management of malaria in under-fives among mothers and caregivers in Bende LGA, Abia State, Nigeria. Methods and materials: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 375 heads of household Bende LGA. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain data from participants and was self-administered. Data were cleaned and coded into SPSS version 26 for analysis. Numerical variables were summarized using mean and standard deviation, categorical variables were summarized using frequency and proportions. Chi-Square test was used to test association, p<0.05. Results: A total of 375 household heads with a response rate of 360 (96.0%) participated in the study with a mean age of 37.2 ± 0.8724, A good number of the participants 136 (37.8%) were in the age range of 35 – 39 years. Majority of them 310 (86.0%) were married. Majority of them 204 (56.6%) had secondary education. One hundred and fifty-eight (43.8%) of them responded that mosquito bite was the cause of malaria. Prevalence of home management of malaria was 117(32.4%) and overall knowledge level of mothers and caregivers was 202 (56.1%). There association between age range, marital status and level of education was statistically significant, p<0.05. Conclusion: There were several gaps in the participants’ level of knowledge relating to home management of under-five children, however, overall knowledge level of mothers and caregivers was 202 (56.1%) and prevalence of home management was low as majority of the under-fives were taken to the hospital for their management.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"28 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136018998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The dynamics of microorganisms and their association with clam in fresh water ecosystem","authors":"None Martin O Anagboso, None Christiana E Etim, None Edet E Akpanenang, None Judith O Osuala","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2023.10.1.0058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2023.10.1.0058","url":null,"abstract":"Clams are shelled marine or fresh water mullusks belonging to the class Bivalvia. They are invertebrates with shells divided into two pieces called valves. They are rich source of proteins and minerals especially calcium and are recommended in the diet of pregnant women and in protein deficient cases. They inhabit the bottom of fresh water bodies or slow running waters. Fresh water is one which contain less than 0.5 parts per thousand of dissolved salts or other impurities, and are found in fresh water lakes, swamps and some rivers. The deposition of litter, substrates and other faecal materials in water body results in a build-up of pathogenic microorganism (bacteria) in the water which gives high burden on the water inhabitants including clams. The concentration of the bacteria in the water body varies with the season. This research was therefore aimed at accessing the type and density of bacteria and fungi present in fresh water associated with clams, and to determine the effect of the microorganism on the nutritional value of clams over a period of ten months in a fresh water ecosystem. Samples for analysis were water from Itu river, labeled sample A, sample B was water used to rinse the clams, sample C was homogenized clam intestine while sample D was homogenized body of the clam. The microbial load was determined using serial dilution and plating methods. Characterization and identification of microbial isolates was done using different standard biochemical tests, to determine; colonial morphology, Gram staining reaction, spore stain, motility, sugar fermentation, production of indole, coagulase and catalase. The methods as outlined by Association of Official Analytical Chemistry were used for physicochemical and nutritional analysis to test for moisture content, ash content, crude protein, fibre, fats and mineral elements. Results of the various analysis showed that, the total microbial count for the four samples through the ten months sampling period was highest in February with sample C having the highest of 1.2 X 105 cfu/mL, followed by sample D 7.0 X 104 cfu / mL, sample B had 5.8 X 104 cfu / mL while sample A was the lowest with 4.4 X 104 cfu / mL. The count was lowest in the month of September with C having 3.7 X 104 cfu / mL, followed by D with 2.4 X 104 cfu / mL, B had 8.0 X 103 cfu / mL while A the lowest was 4.0 X 103 cfu / mL. Microorganisms present in the fresh water sample and clam were mostly coliform from faecal matter and include; Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Spirosoma lingual, Bacillus cereus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Escherichia coli, Flavobacterium aquatile and Micrococcus varians. We conclude that microbial load was higher in dry season than in rainy season probably due to dilution of the water and its velocity during rainy season. Results also showed that the nutritional values of the clam varies with season and density of microbial load. We recommend proper sanitation in water where clams are harvest","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136276617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of empowerment program on the quality of life of the elderly cancer patients’ caregiver: A quasi-experimental study","authors":"M. Rahnama, Arya Wasmani, Abdolghani Abdollahimohammad, Hajar Noorisanchooli","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2023.9.2.0051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2023.9.2.0051","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer patients and their family face challenges in their quality of life (QoL). Families have an important role in health care programs for their patients. This study evaluates the family-centered trainings on the QoL of the family caregivers of elderly cancer patients. This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 30 caregivers of elderly cancer patients who randomly divided into control and experiment groups (n=15 per group). Data was collected using a demographic and the Caregiver Quality of Life Index-Cancer (CQOLC) scale. The intervention was carried out as an individual education in two one-hour sessions. Six weeks after the intervention, the quality of life (QoL) was remeasured in the groups. ANCOVA and Bonferroni tests showed a statistically significant difference in the mean score of the QOL between the experiment (60.53±15.99) and the control groups (68.07±18.49) in the post-test (P <0.001). The family-centered intervention is beneficial in enhancing the QoL of caregivers of the elderly cancer patients. Consequently, providing educational programs can be an effective method and essential for improving the clients’ QoL.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121811993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and identification of bacterial isolates associated with spectacle lens surface","authors":"None Adam Uba Muhammad, None Muoneke Hypolytus Chinonso, None Mgbemena Emmanuela Onyinyechi, None Ali I. Alawo, None Abdulaziz Tahir Idris, None Yunusa Umar Abubakar, None Amina Zakariyya Umar, None Aliyu Abubakar, None Dalha Wada Taura, None Umar Yusuf Salihu","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2023.9.2.0054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2023.9.2.0054","url":null,"abstract":"People nowadays suffer from refractive disorder that declines the vision. The most common therapy to overcome this challenge is the use corrective spectacle lenses. The continuous use of spectacles and the difficulties on disinfecting the entire surface can cause bacterial contamination, those bacteria can cause various eye diseases. This study aims to isolate and identify the bacterial isolates associated with spectacle lens surface. The samples were then inoculated on nutrient and macConkey agar and incubated at 37oC for 24 hours. Then, the isolates were identified macroscopically and microscopically. 72 out of 100 samples indicated positive results with four (4) different identified bacterial species of Staphylococcus aureus (38.89%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (27.78%), Klebsiella pneumonia (22.22%), and Escherichia coli (11.11%). The result of this study revealed the presence of bacterial isolates on spectacle lens surface. All the identified bacterial species are pathogenic to the eye. This indicated that, spectacle lenses could serve as a reservoir of pathogenic bacterial specie.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136079331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and colonization of fungi in dried food (garri) obtained from Ikere-Ekiti","authors":"J. A. OYEBODE, W. A. OYELADE, O. A. JEJE","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2023.9.2.0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2023.9.2.0044","url":null,"abstract":"Garri is consumed by several millions of people in the West African sub-region and in Nigeria in particular, regardless of ethnicity and socio-economic class. However, production and handling methods have not been standardized resulting in garri product with varying mycological contamination. The objective of this study was to assess the mycological safety and mycological contamination of garri marketed in Ikere-Ekiti, Ekiti State. A total of eight (8) samples of garri displayed in the open at Ikere-Ekiti markets were used for this study. The samples were collected with sterile polythene bags adopting standard procedures and transported to the laboratory for analysis. The result of this study clearly showed fungal contamination resulting from its display in the open market, Aspergillus spp. and Mucor sp. had the highest frequency of occurrence and Aspergillus spp. was the fungi most frequently isolated. Other fungi species isolated in the garri samples were Absidia spp., Botrytis spp., Penicillium spp. and Rhizopus spp. Since this product harbor arrays of fungi, strategy to antagonize their growth and survival in this commodity in order to neutralize the potential of these organisms serving as agents of food borne diseases should be adopted.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115440486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Trichoderma sp in pineapple biomass composting","authors":"Bambang Irawan, Salwa Khoirullah Jabbar, Salman Farisi, Yulianty","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2023.9.2.0048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2023.9.2.0048","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pineapple litter has great potential as an organic source and if it can be decomposed properly it can turn into organic fertilizer. Pineapple biomass is difficult to decompose due to high lignin and cellulose content which slow down the decomposition process. Thus the addition of auxiliary microbes such as decomposer fungi is thought to increase the rate of decomposition. Aim: The aim of this research is determine the effect of Trichoderma sp. inoculum grown on rice substrate on pineapple litter composting Method: This study was in a completely randomized design (CRD) method consisting of 6 treatments with two stages of testing, there are fungal inoculum productivity test and application on pineapple litter. The spore density and viability (CFU) values were calculated for the inoculum that was incubated for 14 days to determine the productivity level of the inoculum. The pineapple litter given the inoculum is then subjected to a decomposition process for seven weeks. Pineapple litter compost was analyzed at the fourth and seventh week with the parameters observed were C-organic content and C/N ratio. Result: The results showed the spore density was 2.0 x107 spores / ml and the CFU value was 10.6x108 cfu / ml with 100% viability. The best compost had the lowest C-organic and C/N ratio value, there are P3 compost obtained 12,5% C-organic and P2 compost obtained 9,6 C/N ratio. Conclusion: The use of rice media as an inoculum medium for the Fungi Trichoderma sp. can increase the level of productivity of Fungi Trichoderma sp. with a viability percentage of 100% at 14 days of inoculum age.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126644853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}