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Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications最新文献

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Estimation of Latent Attention Resources using Microsaccade Frequency during a Dual Task 双重任务中使用微跳频估计潜在注意资源
Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.1145/3588015.3590120
M. Nakayama, Takahiro Ueno
{"title":"Estimation of Latent Attention Resources using Microsaccade Frequency during a Dual Task","authors":"M. Nakayama, Takahiro Ueno","doi":"10.1145/3588015.3590120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588015.3590120","url":null,"abstract":"Visual attention is estimated as temporal latent resource levels using a state-space model and microsaccade (MS) frequency measurements taken during a dual task. In order to optimise the model, MS frequency was evaluated every 0.5 seconds. As a result, the contribution of the accuracy of the response to the task was confirmed by the estimated resource levels.","PeriodicalId":263409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127707425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gaze is more than just a point: Rethinking visual attention analysis using peripheral vision-based gaze mapping 凝视不仅仅是一个点:使用基于周边视觉的凝视映射重新思考视觉注意分析
Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.1145/3588015.3589840
F. Wang, Q. Lohmeyer, A. Duchowski, M. Meboldt
{"title":"Gaze is more than just a point: Rethinking visual attention analysis using peripheral vision-based gaze mapping","authors":"F. Wang, Q. Lohmeyer, A. Duchowski, M. Meboldt","doi":"10.1145/3588015.3589840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588015.3589840","url":null,"abstract":"In mobile eye-tracking, visual attention is commonly evaluated using fixation-based measures, which can be mapped to predefined objects of interest for task-specific attention analysis. Even though attention can be directed independently from the fovea, little research can be found on the quantification of peripheral vision for attention analysis. In this work, we discuss the benefits of enhancing traditional mapping methods with near-peripheral information and expand previous research by presenting a novel machine learning-based gaze measure, the visual attention index (VAI), for the analysis of visual attention using dynamic stimuli. Results are discussed using the data of two multi-object mobile eye tracking use cases and visualized using radar graphs. We show that by combining foveal and peripheral vision the VAI is effective for the comparison of visual attention over multiple tasks, trials and subjects, which offers new possibilities for a more realistic and detailed depiction of visual attention in multi-object tasks.","PeriodicalId":263409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115161760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gaze-based Interaction on Handheld Mobile Devices 手持移动设备上基于注视的交互
Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.1145/3588015.3589540
Omar Namnakani
{"title":"Gaze-based Interaction on Handheld Mobile Devices","authors":"Omar Namnakani","doi":"10.1145/3588015.3589540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588015.3589540","url":null,"abstract":"With the advancement of smartphone technology, it is now possible for smartphones to run eye-tracking using the front-facing camera, enabling hands-free interaction by empowering mobile users with novel gaze-based input techniques. While several gaze-based interaction techniques have been proposed in the literature, these techniques were deployed in settings different from daily gaze interaction with mobile devices, posing several unique challenges. The user’s holding posture may hinder the camera’s view of their face during the interaction, the front-facing camera may be obstructed by the user’s clothing or hands, or the environment is shaky due to the user’s movements and the dynamic environment. This PhD research investigates the usability of state-of-the-art gaze-based input techniques in mobile settings, develops a novel concept of combining multiple gaze-based techniques, and addresses the challenges imposed by the unique aspects of these devices.","PeriodicalId":263409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128073104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Deep Learning Architecture for Egocentric Time-to-Saccade Prediction using Weibull Mixture-Models and Historic Priors 基于威布尔混合模型和历史先验的以自我为中心的时间-跃进预测的深度学习架构
Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.1145/3588015.3588408
Tim Rolff, S. Schmidt, Frank Steinicke, S. Frintrop
{"title":"A Deep Learning Architecture for Egocentric Time-to-Saccade Prediction using Weibull Mixture-Models and Historic Priors","authors":"Tim Rolff, S. Schmidt, Frank Steinicke, S. Frintrop","doi":"10.1145/3588015.3588408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588015.3588408","url":null,"abstract":"Real-time detection of saccades is of major interest for many applications in human-computer interaction and mixed reality. However, due to relatively low update rates and high latencies of current commercially available eye trackers, gaze events are typically detected after they occur with some delay. This limits interaction scenarios such as intent-based gaze interaction, redirected walking, or gaze forecasting. In this paper, we propose a deep learning framework for time-to-event prediction of saccades. In contrast to previous approaches, we utilize past multimodal data captured from head-mounted displays. We combine the well-established transformer architecture with a Weibull Mixture Model. This also allows estimating the uncertainty of the prediction. Additionally, we propose a sampling strategy that differs from conventional approaches to better account for the temporal properties of gaze sequences. We demonstrate that our model achieves state-of-the-art performance by evaluating it on three datasets and performing multiple ablation studies.","PeriodicalId":263409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125922412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Program Code Navigation Model for Individuals based on LSTM with Co-clustering 基于共聚类LSTM的个体程序代码导航模型
Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.1145/3588015.3589192
Ming Sun, M. Nakayama
{"title":"Program Code Navigation Model for Individuals based on LSTM with Co-clustering","authors":"Ming Sun, M. Nakayama","doi":"10.1145/3588015.3589192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588015.3589192","url":null,"abstract":"To improve program learning tools with eye tracking technology, it is crucial to understand fixation points and individual information, providing personalized navigation cues for different levels of expertise programmers. Meanwhile, long short-term memory (LSTM) and clustering techniques revealed important characteristics for eye movement data regarding comprehension performance. This paper is about a spatial analysis by co-clustering with the gaze location among different levels of expertise programmers. Then it predicts the next fixation point based on the human eye movement data by LSTM. Finally, combining the individual background information and the eye movement information, it generates a new indicator, named ‘code comprehension index’, to indicate the current code understanding level on real-time gaze information for individuals, which can be applied to improve the program navigation tools’ effectiveness and efficiency for different levels of expertise programmers.","PeriodicalId":263409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126525364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Model-based deep gaze estimation using incrementally updated face-shape parameters 基于模型的面部形状参数增量更新深度凝视估计
Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.1145/3588015.3590135
Makoto Sei, A. Utsumi, H. Yamazoe, Jooho Lee
{"title":"Model-based deep gaze estimation using incrementally updated face-shape parameters","authors":"Makoto Sei, A. Utsumi, H. Yamazoe, Jooho Lee","doi":"10.1145/3588015.3590135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588015.3590135","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a method to improve the performance of deep gaze estimation using face-shape parameters adapted to a specific target person based on multiple observations. Our gaze estimation network contains a predefined computation module that calculates gaze directions using known geometric relationships among head poses, eye-ball positions, and gaze directions. Updated face-shape parameters contribute to improving the performance of the process. In addition, the computation module enables a network to acquire the ability to induce hidden parameters such as eyeball position and eyeball radius from observed information through a training process. Experimental results reveal improvement in gaze estimation accuracy by introducing a sequential update process for face-shape parameters and a predefined computation module.","PeriodicalId":263409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121829949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gaze-Based Monitoring in the Classroom 基于注视的课堂监控
Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.1145/3588015.3589198
Michael Burch
{"title":"Gaze-Based Monitoring in the Classroom","authors":"Michael Burch","doi":"10.1145/3588015.3589198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588015.3589198","url":null,"abstract":"In the roles of lecturers we have to present certain topics to students by means of Powerpoint slides, videos, animations, and the like. The content itself but also the presentation speed play crucial roles to make a lecture understandable for the students. Since each student has a different experience level, personal mood, or might be distracted by other scenarios the lecturers cannot keep track of all the individual students in a course but has to present the content more or less independently of the audience. In this paper we introduce work-in-progress that focuses on monitoring the students’ behavior in a course including the understanding of the presentation in terms of presentation speed. To reach this goal we make use of mobile eye tracking devices that permanently track the eye movements of the students paying visual attention to the lecturer’s slides. In the current state of the developed system we record two options, whether an individual student could follow and understand the slides or not while the summed up students’ feedback is reflected and displayed to the teacher in real-time, providing some kind of overview and avoiding asking questions permanently about the understanding of the slides’ contents. Finally, we will discuss challenges and limitations of our gaze-based monitoring system.","PeriodicalId":263409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","volume":"46 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120841736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluating Human Eye Features for Objective Measure of Working Memory Capacity 评价人眼特征对工作记忆容量的客观测量
Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.1145/3588015.3589537
Yasasi Abeysinghe
{"title":"Evaluating Human Eye Features for Objective Measure of Working Memory Capacity","authors":"Yasasi Abeysinghe","doi":"10.1145/3588015.3589537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588015.3589537","url":null,"abstract":"Eye tracking measures can provide means to understand the underlying development of human working memory. In this study, we propose to develop machine learning algorithms to find an objective relationship between human eye movements via oculomotor plant and their working memory capacity, which determines subjective cognitive load. Here we evaluate oculomotor plant features extracted from saccadic eye movements, traditional positional gaze metrics, and advanced eye metrics such as ambient/focal coefficient , gaze transition entropy, low/high index of pupillary activity (LHIPA), and real-time index of pupillary activity (RIPA). This paper outlines the proposed approach of evaluating eye movements for obtaining an objective measure of the working memory capacity and a study to investigate how working memory capacity is affected when reading AI-generated fake news.","PeriodicalId":263409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114489977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Leveraging Eye Tracking in Digital Classrooms: A Step Towards Multimodal Model for Learning Assistance 在数字教室中利用眼动追踪:迈向多模式学习辅助模式的一步
Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.1145/3588015.3589197
Sean Anthony Byrne, Nora Castner, Ard Kastrati, M. Płomecka, William Schaefer, Enkelejda Kasneci, Z. Bylinskii
{"title":"Leveraging Eye Tracking in Digital Classrooms: A Step Towards Multimodal Model for Learning Assistance","authors":"Sean Anthony Byrne, Nora Castner, Ard Kastrati, M. Płomecka, William Schaefer, Enkelejda Kasneci, Z. Bylinskii","doi":"10.1145/3588015.3589197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588015.3589197","url":null,"abstract":"Instructors who teach digital literacy skills are increasingly faced with the challenges that come with larger student populations and online courses. We asked an educator how we could support student learning and better assist instructors both online and in the classroom. To address these challenges, we discuss how behavioral signals collected from eye tracking and mouse tracking can be combined to offer predictions of student performance. In our preliminary study, participants completed two image masking tasks in Adobe Photoshop based on real college-level course content. We then trained a machine learning model to predict student performance in each task based on data from other students, as a step towards offering automated student assistance and feedback to instructors. We reflect on the challenges and scalability issues to deploying such a system in-the-wild, and present some guidelines for future work.","PeriodicalId":263409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133125266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Detecting Blinks from Wearable Cameras using Spatial-Temporal-Aware Deep Network Learning 基于时空感知深度网络学习的可穿戴相机眨眼检测
Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.1145/3588015.3589668
Yu Wang, Wanglong Lu, Hanli Zhao, Xianta Jiang, Bin Zheng, Stella Atkins
{"title":"Detecting Blinks from Wearable Cameras using Spatial-Temporal-Aware Deep Network Learning","authors":"Yu Wang, Wanglong Lu, Hanli Zhao, Xianta Jiang, Bin Zheng, Stella Atkins","doi":"10.1145/3588015.3589668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588015.3589668","url":null,"abstract":"Blinks have been widely studied in various fields including medical and human computer interactions, and in driver fatigue. Automatic detection of blinks has valuable practical importance. While existing deep neural networks excel in extracting spatial features from images and demonstrate impressive performance in visual object recognition, their application for blink detection in videos on a frame-by-frame basis is suboptimal, as they only consider spatial features from single images. In this paper, we developed a spatial-temporal-aware deep learning framework that capitalizes on the rapid advancements of the existing state-of-the-art visual object recognition networks, aiming to enhance their performance specifically in blink detection. Our framework takes consecutive frames as input to extract spatial and temporal features simultaneously for better detection of eye movements. We also propose a sliding window re-sampling strategy to mitigate overfitting on training data. Extensive experimental evaluations and comparisons demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed algorithm, which delivers excellent performance for detecting blinks.","PeriodicalId":263409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116613348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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