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Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications最新文献

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Control prediction based on cumulative gaze dwell time while browsing contents 基于浏览内容时累积凝视停留时间的控制预测
Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.1145/3588015.3589664
S. Imamura, Jieun Lee, M. Itoh
{"title":"Control prediction based on cumulative gaze dwell time while browsing contents","authors":"S. Imamura, Jieun Lee, M. Itoh","doi":"10.1145/3588015.3589664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588015.3589664","url":null,"abstract":"The utilization of gaze behavior for control has been studied as one of the hands-free control methods. With the recent spread of Head Mounted Display devices, it has become a vital issue to establish hands-free control methods. Previously proposed approaches using the eye gaze behavior have several problems to be solved for natural manipulation during content browsing. Therefore, in this study, considering the case where the gaze point leaves the decision area for a short period, we propose a method that enables accurate control prediction based on gaze behavior during content browsing by counting the cumulative gaze dwell time. Through experimentation, we confirmed that the proposed method would be effective for the accurate prediction of user intention. The limitation of our method and further issues to be addressed were also clarified.","PeriodicalId":263409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128663959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Investigating Cognitive Load for Tasks with Mathematics and Chemistry Context through Eye Tracking 通过眼动追踪研究数学和化学任务的认知负荷
Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.1145/3588015.3589199
Tobias Appel, Kevin Kärcher, H. Körner
{"title":"Investigating Cognitive Load for Tasks with Mathematics and Chemistry Context through Eye Tracking","authors":"Tobias Appel, Kevin Kärcher, H. Körner","doi":"10.1145/3588015.3589199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588015.3589199","url":null,"abstract":"Changes in mathematical representation are an essential part of many STEM fields, especially chemistry. In order to better understand these transitions between different representations, we investigated possible eye-tracking indicators of cognitive load during a task that had two experimental conditions: one was purely mathematical, the other one was similar, but had a chemical context. We used pupil diameter, fixation duration, and pupil fluctuations as measured through the IPA as indicators of cognitive load. Our preliminary results indicate that there may not be a significant difference in cognitive load between the two conditions, which in turn suggests that a chemical context does not impose additional cognitive load on participants. The present study may serve as a starting point to investigate this issue further and shed light on the potential influence of a chemical context on cognitive load.","PeriodicalId":263409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129198536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Investigating Phishing Awareness Using Virtual Agents and Eye Movements 使用虚拟代理和眼球运动调查网络钓鱼意识
Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.1145/3588015.3590113
Lynsay A. Shepherd, A. Szymkowiak
{"title":"Investigating Phishing Awareness Using Virtual Agents and Eye Movements","authors":"Lynsay A. Shepherd, A. Szymkowiak","doi":"10.1145/3588015.3590113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588015.3590113","url":null,"abstract":"Phishing emails typically attempt to persuade recipients to reveal private or confidential information (e.g., passwords or bank details). Interaction with such emails places individuals at risk of financial loss and identity theft. We present an ongoing study using eye tracking metrics and varying interface components to assess users’ ability to spot simulated phishing attempts. Findings seek to establish how users interact with email inbox interfaces and will inform future design of usable security tools.","PeriodicalId":263409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131908165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Applying Machine Learning to Gaze Data in Software Development: a Mapping Study 将机器学习应用于软件开发中的注视数据:一个映射研究
Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.1145/3588015.3589190
Peng Kuang, Emma Söderberg, D. Niehorster, Martin Höst
{"title":"Applying Machine Learning to Gaze Data in Software Development: a Mapping Study","authors":"Peng Kuang, Emma Söderberg, D. Niehorster, Martin Höst","doi":"10.1145/3588015.3589190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588015.3589190","url":null,"abstract":"Eye tracking has been used as part of software engineering and computer science research for a long time, and during this time new techniques for machine learning (ML) have emerged. Some of those techniques are applicable to the analysis of eye-tracking data, and to some extent have been applied. However, there is no structured summary available on which ML techniques are used for analysis in different types of eye-tracking research studies. In this paper, our objective is to summarize the research literature with respect to the application of ML techniques to gaze data in the field of software engineering. To this end, we have conducted a systematic mapping study, where research articles are identified through a search in academic databases and analyzed qualitatively. After identifying 10 relevant articles, we found that the most common software development activity studied so far with eye-tracking and ML is program comprehension, and Support Vector Machines and Decision Trees are the most commonly used ML techniques. We further report on limitations and challenges reported in the literature and opportunities for future work.","PeriodicalId":263409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133443244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Towards Developing an Animation Kit for Functional Vision Screening with Eye Trackers 基于眼动仪的功能性视觉筛查动画工具包的开发
Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.1145/3588015.3589510
Qasim Ali, I. Heldal, C. Helgesen, Are Dæhlen
{"title":"Towards Developing an Animation Kit for Functional Vision Screening with Eye Trackers","authors":"Qasim Ali, I. Heldal, C. Helgesen, Are Dæhlen","doi":"10.1145/3588015.3589510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588015.3589510","url":null,"abstract":"Developing accessible tools that support the identification of functional vision problems with reliable measurements of eye movements is a common interest. To develop such an open source tool considering eye tracker data needs automatic processing of eye data, handling time stamps, dynamic data generation, and parameter adaptation. This paper illustrates the possibility of such a tool for saccadic, smooth pursuit and circular eye movements and discusses future steps.","PeriodicalId":263409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114969570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Privacy in Eye Tracking Research with Stable Diffusion 稳定扩散下眼动追踪的隐私性研究
Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.1145/3588015.3589842
K. Kurzhals
{"title":"Privacy in Eye Tracking Research with Stable Diffusion","authors":"K. Kurzhals","doi":"10.1145/3588015.3589842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588015.3589842","url":null,"abstract":"Image-generative models take textual prompts as input and generate almost arbitrary image content based on the underlying training data. This technology is rapidly developing and produces better results with each new generation of trained models. Apart from the application to create artwork, we see potential in deploying such models for eye-tracking research with respect to anonymizing content in visual stimuli. One feature of such models is the ability to take an image as input and adjust content according to a prompt. Hence, privacy-preserving visualization of stimuli can be achieved for static images and videos by slightly adjusting content to anonymize persons, text, and other sensible sources. In this work, we will discuss how this process can be applied to the presentation and dissemination of results with respect to privacy issues resulting from eye-tracking experiments.","PeriodicalId":263409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116129867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Highlighting the Challenges of Blinks in Eye Tracking for Interactive Systems 强调眨眼在互动系统眼动追踪中的挑战
Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.1145/3588015.3589202
J. W. Grootjen, Henrike Weingärtner, Sven Mayer
{"title":"Highlighting the Challenges of Blinks in Eye Tracking for Interactive Systems","authors":"J. W. Grootjen, Henrike Weingärtner, Sven Mayer","doi":"10.1145/3588015.3589202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588015.3589202","url":null,"abstract":"Eye tracking is the basis for many intelligent systems to predict user actions. A core challenge with eye-tracking data is that it inherently suffers from missing data due to blinks. Approaches such as intent prediction and user state recognition process gaze data using neural networks; however, they often have difficulty handling missing information. In an effort to understand how prior work dealt with missing data, we found that researchers often simply ignore missing data or adopt use-case-specific approaches, such as artificially filling in missing data. This inconsistency in handling missing data in eye tracking hinders the development of effective intelligent systems for predicting user actions and limits reproducibility. Furthermore, this can even lead to incorrect results. Thus, this lack of standardization calls for investigating possible solutions to improve the consistency and effectiveness of processing eye-tracking data for user action prediction.","PeriodicalId":263409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123504830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
GazeCast: Using Mobile Devices to Allow Gaze-based Interaction on Public Displays GazeCast:使用移动设备在公共显示器上允许基于凝视的交互
Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.1145/3588015.3589663
Omar Namnakani, Penpicha Sinrattanavong, Yasmeen Abdrabou, A. Bulling, Florian Alt, M. Khamis
{"title":"GazeCast: Using Mobile Devices to Allow Gaze-based Interaction on Public Displays","authors":"Omar Namnakani, Penpicha Sinrattanavong, Yasmeen Abdrabou, A. Bulling, Florian Alt, M. Khamis","doi":"10.1145/3588015.3589663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588015.3589663","url":null,"abstract":"Gaze is promising for natural and spontaneous interaction with public displays, but current gaze-enabled displays require movement-hindering stationary eye trackers or cumbersome head-mounted eye trackers. We propose and evaluate GazeCast – a novel system that leverages users’ handheld mobile devices to allow gaze-based interaction with surrounding displays. In a user study (N = 20), we compared GazeCast to a standard webcam for gaze-based interaction using Pursuits. We found that while selection using GazeCast requires more time and physical demand, participants value GazeCast’s high accuracy and flexible positioning. We conclude by discussing how mobile computing can facilitate the adoption of gaze interaction with pervasive displays.","PeriodicalId":263409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129687362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Dataset of Underrepresented Languages in Eye Tracking Research 眼动追踪研究中未充分代表语言的数据集
Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.1145/3588015.3590128
Owen Raymond, Yelaman Moldagali, Naser Al Madi
{"title":"A Dataset of Underrepresented Languages in Eye Tracking Research","authors":"Owen Raymond, Yelaman Moldagali, Naser Al Madi","doi":"10.1145/3588015.3590128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588015.3590128","url":null,"abstract":"A number of factors come together to limit the diversity of eye-tracking research, where the majority of papers are conducted with stimuli in the English language. Studying eye movement over other languages is important considering that each language provides unique insights into human cognition. Recently, there have been valued efforts to present datasets from other languages, yet these efforts focused mostly on European languages. In this paper we highlight issues that limit diversity in eye tracking research on reading, and we present our work in collecting an open-access multilingual reading dataset of underrepresented languages. Utilizing a high-frequency research eye tracker (EyeLink 1000 Plus), we record eye tracking data of native and second language readers of English, Spanish, Chinese, Hindi, Russian, Arabic, Japanese, Kazakh, Urdu, and Vietnamese. The dataset includes demographics, language proficiency self-reporting, and answers to comprehension questions. The current version of the dataset, which we make publicly available, consists of 97 trials by 40 participants. With the goal of increasing the number of participants and included languages, we aim to make studying underrepresented languages more accessible to researchers and tool makers.","PeriodicalId":263409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124653221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Word Familiarity Classification From a Single Trial Based on Eye-Movements. A Study in German and English 基于眼球运动的单次试验的词熟悉度分类。德语和英语的研究
Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.1145/3588015.3590118
Margarita Ryzhova, Iza Škrjanec, Nina Quach, Alice Virginia Chase, E. Ellsiepen, Vera Demberg
{"title":"Word Familiarity Classification From a Single Trial Based on Eye-Movements. A Study in German and English","authors":"Margarita Ryzhova, Iza Škrjanec, Nina Quach, Alice Virginia Chase, E. Ellsiepen, Vera Demberg","doi":"10.1145/3588015.3590118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588015.3590118","url":null,"abstract":"Identifying processing difficulty during reading due to unfamiliar words has promising applications in automatic text adaptation. We present a classification model that predicts whether a word is (un)known to the reader based on eye-movement measures. We examine German and English data and validate our model on unseen subjects and items achieving a high accuracy in both languages.","PeriodicalId":263409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114066259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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