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Biology of Myctophid Fishes (Family Myctophidae) in the Rockall Trough, Northeastern Atlantic Ocean 东北大西洋罗克尔海槽中嗜霉鱼的生物学研究
Biological oceanography Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/01965581.1982.10749447
K. Kawaguchi, J. Mauchline
{"title":"Biology of Myctophid Fishes (Family Myctophidae) in the Rockall Trough, Northeastern Atlantic Ocean","authors":"K. Kawaguchi, J. Mauchline","doi":"10.1080/01965581.1982.10749447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01965581.1982.10749447","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractAspects of the biology of myctophid fishes, Myctophidae, in the Rockall Trough off northwestern Ireland were studied in a series of consecutive seasonal samples taken from July 1973 to March 1974 and from March 1975 to February 1976. Of the nine species that occurred, the three dominant species, Benthosema glaciale, Lampanyctus macdonaldi, and Protomyctophum arcticum, were concluded to have regular life cycles. Seasonal abundance of larvae at each developmental stage, duration of larval development, vertical distribution pattern of larvae, life span, growth pattern, spawning season, age at maturity, and diet were studied in these three species and their life history strategies, segregation of habitat, spawning season, and diet discussed.Of the remaining six species, two species, Myctophum punctatum and Notoscopelus elongatus, are at the northern geographical limit of their breeding population in the Rockall Trough because of the rare occurrence of their larvae. The other four species, Notolychnus ...","PeriodicalId":262997,"journal":{"name":"Biological oceanography","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114571182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 36
Primary Growth Increments in Otoliths of Six Tropical Myctophid Species 六种热带真菌耳石的初级生长增量
Biological oceanography Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/01965581.1987.10749497
H. Gjøsæter
{"title":"Primary Growth Increments in Otoliths of Six Tropical Myctophid Species","authors":"H. Gjøsæter","doi":"10.1080/01965581.1987.10749497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01965581.1987.10749497","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe otoliths of six species of myctophids belonging to the genera Benthosema, Diaphus, Myctophum, Lampanyctus, and Symbolophorus were collected in the western Arabian Sea in 1979 and revealed primary growth increments; the readability of the otoliths, however, varied considerably among the six species. The hypothesis of a daily deposition rate of the increments could not be verified, but strong circumstantial evidence for this was put forward. Under this hypothesis, power curves were fitted to the length at age data, yielding length = 0.59 Age0.77 and length = 0.69 Age0.79 for B. pterotum in the Gulf of Oman and the Gulf of Aden respectively, and length = 2.65 Age0.53 for B. fibulatum. A prominent check in the otoliths is suggested to be caused by metamorphosis.","PeriodicalId":262997,"journal":{"name":"Biological oceanography","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123104090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
The Role of Hydrodynamic Sorting of Seston in the Nutrition of a Benthic Suspension Feeder, Spio setosa (Polychaeta: Spionidae) 水动力分选对底栖悬浮食饵刺孢的营养作用(多毛纲:刺孢科)
Biological oceanography Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/01965581.1987.10749494
D. Muschenheim
{"title":"The Role of Hydrodynamic Sorting of Seston in the Nutrition of a Benthic Suspension Feeder, Spio setosa (Polychaeta: Spionidae)","authors":"D. Muschenheim","doi":"10.1080/01965581.1987.10749494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01965581.1987.10749494","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractNear-bed gradients in suspended particle quality and material ingested by Spio setosa were studied using an intertidal beach population in Nova Scotia. Spio builds a sand tube that allows it to feed several centimeters above the bed, where hydrodynamic sorting of horizontal transport provides low-density, high-quality organic seston. Characterization and enumeration of particles from both worm guts and ambient sediment in the field demonstrated that guts were enriched in organic mineral aggregates relative to the bed. In a laboratory flume, worms with tubes shortened to bed level received and ingested seston of significantly lower organic quality than worms feeding in intact tubes 4–6 cm above the bed. Because tube building requires ∼2.5 days, winter beach scour which removes tubes may force Spio to feed frequently at suboptimal heights above the sediment surface. The dependence of suspension feeders on organic-mineral aggregates and the tendency for these particles to incorporate estuarine pollut...","PeriodicalId":262997,"journal":{"name":"Biological oceanography","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130222763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Aspects of the trophic ecology of the mesopelagic fish Lampanyctus alatus (family Myctophidae) in the eastern Gulf of Mexico 墨西哥湾东部中远洋鱼蓝鱼(蓝鱼科)的营养生态学方面
Biological oceanography Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/01965581.1985.10749476
T. Hopkins, R. Baird
{"title":"Aspects of the trophic ecology of the mesopelagic fish Lampanyctus alatus (family Myctophidae) in the eastern Gulf of Mexico","authors":"T. Hopkins, R. Baird","doi":"10.1080/01965581.1985.10749476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01965581.1985.10749476","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractLampanyctus alatus is an abundant myctophid in subtropical waters of the eastern Gulf of Mexico. The population has been estimated at 85–140 × 103 fish per km2 of sea surface, with most of the population biomass (>60%) in individuals larger than 35 mm. This species concentrates in the 80175 m zone at night and at 550–750 m during the day. The diet is essentially crustacean (>98%), with over 60 prey species having been identified. Seventy-three percent of the number and 44% of the biomass of the diet are copepods. Euphausiids rank first in biomass and are particularly important in the diet of larger fishes. Lampanyctus alatus is selective for prey >1 mm and for the copepod genus Pleuromamma.A diel feeding cycle is apparent, stomachs being fullest in the period 0100–0500 h. Daily ration is estimated at 2–4% of body weight and decreases proportionately with increasing fish size. It is estimated that one-fifth of respiration and less than one-tenth of the daily ration is utilized in diel vertical migr...","PeriodicalId":262997,"journal":{"name":"Biological oceanography","volume":"31 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132935177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 24
Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Communities at 13°N on the East Pacific Rise: Microdistribution and Temporal Variations 东太平洋隆起13°N深海热液喷口群落:微分布和时间变化
Biological oceanography Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/01965581.1987.10749487
Alan Fustec, D. Desbruyéres, S. Juniper
{"title":"Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Communities at 13°N on the East Pacific Rise: Microdistribution and Temporal Variations","authors":"Alan Fustec, D. Desbruyéres, S. Juniper","doi":"10.1080/01965581.1987.10749487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01965581.1987.10749487","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe microdistribution of hydrothermal species at seven sites on the EPR near 13°N was studied from visual images taken by the French submersible Cyana in 1982 and 1984. These data were used to construct microtopographic maps of vent fauna and habitat distribution. Our results suggest the existence of two distinct vent faunal assemblages, one found at high-temperature vents and the other at low-temperature vents. Most vent sites contained various proportions of high- and low-temperature habitat and their associated fauna. Comparison of sites between 1982 and 1984 revealed many changes in habitat characteristics, which often had dramatic effects on the fauna. We have recorded significant growth of smokers and their rapid colonization by Alvinella pompejana; noticeable growth and recession of pogonophoran and serpulid populations, apparently related to fluctuations in fluid flow; dramatic regression of predator populations coincident with the disappearance of primary consumer populations. We conclude...","PeriodicalId":262997,"journal":{"name":"Biological oceanography","volume":"761 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117012308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 26
The Control of Marine Phytoplankton. Use of Quine's View of “Object” in Assessing Productivity and Control 海洋浮游植物的控制。蒯因“客体”观在评估生产力与控制中的应用
Biological oceanography Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/01965581.1982.10749442
E. M. Hulburt
{"title":"The Control of Marine Phytoplankton. Use of Quine's View of “Object” in Assessing Productivity and Control","authors":"E. M. Hulburt","doi":"10.1080/01965581.1982.10749442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01965581.1982.10749442","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe identifiable phytoplankton species between New Zealand and Hawaii can be divided into the fraction that grows readily under improved conditions, composed of diatom species plus Coccolithus huxleyi and Gephyrocapsa oceanica, and the complementary fraction of other species that do not so grow. Samples containing a higher proportion of the first fraction of cells have a higher growth capacity. The phytoplankton between New Zealand and Hawaii having varying proportions of the two fractions has a varying growth capacity. The phytoplankton is the single entity that is controlled both by its own variable growth capacity and a variable oceanic nutrient concentration between New Zealand and Hawaii. The phytoplankton is a single but scattered, concrete object; growth capacity is a single, abstract entity. The two together do not control nutrient concentrations since they are powerless to prevent large, excess amounts of nutrient about the equator. Instead, then, growth capacity and nutrient concentratio...","PeriodicalId":262997,"journal":{"name":"Biological oceanography","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114338152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Deep-Sea Benthic Fish Fauna of the Northeastern Pacific Ocean on Cascadia and Tufts Abyssal Plains and Adjoining Continental Slopes 东北太平洋卡斯卡迪亚和塔夫茨深海平原及邻近大陆斜坡上的深海底栖鱼类区系
Biological oceanography Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/01965581.1982.10749448
W. Pearcy, D. Stein, R. Carney
{"title":"The Deep-Sea Benthic Fish Fauna of the Northeastern Pacific Ocean on Cascadia and Tufts Abyssal Plains and Adjoining Continental Slopes","authors":"W. Pearcy, D. Stein, R. Carney","doi":"10.1080/01965581.1982.10749448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01965581.1982.10749448","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe faunal composition of deep-sea fishes is described from 579 beam and otter trawl collections from the continental slope and abyssal plains off Oregon, at depths from 400 to 5,180 m. Ninety of the 104 species known to inhabit depths greater than 400 m in this area of the northeastern Pacific were captured. Sixty-one species were found on the continental slope, 28 on Cascadia Abyssal Plain, nine on eastern Tufts Abyssal Plain, and two on western Tufts Plain.Families represented by the most species were Scorpaenidae, Liparididae, and Zoarcidae on the slope, and Liparididae, Zoarcidae, and Macrouridae on the abyssal plains. Scorpaenids were numerically dominant on the upper slope, and macrourids on the mid-lower slope and abyssal plains. The macrourid Coryphaenoides armatus was caught at all abyssal stations and was consistently the most abundant fish at depths greater than 2,500 m. Coryphaenoides filifer and C. leptolepis were consistently the second and third most numerous species on Cascadia.Th...","PeriodicalId":262997,"journal":{"name":"Biological oceanography","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125918166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 26
Photosynthetic Characteristics of Coral Sea Picoplankton (<2 μm size fraction) 珊瑚海微浮游生物(<2 μm粒径)光合特性
Biological oceanography Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/01965581.1987.10749512
M. Furnas, A. Mitchell
{"title":"Photosynthetic Characteristics of Coral Sea Picoplankton (<2 μm size fraction)","authors":"M. Furnas, A. Mitchell","doi":"10.1080/01965581.1987.10749512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01965581.1987.10749512","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractLight-dependent photosynthetic (P-I) responses of size-fractionated (>2 μm, 2 μm fraction. PBm values calculated for near-surface picoplankton (¯ = 6.30) and larger phytoplankton (¯ = 2.87) were five times maximum values in deep-living populations (¯ = 1.24 and 0.57, respectively). Near-surface picoplankton photosynthesized at near-maximal rates over a broad range of irradiances between 400 and 1300 μE m−2s−1, but were photoinhibited at >2200 μE m−2s−1 m−2s−1. Deep-living assemblages of picoplankton and larger phytoplankters became photoinhibited at irradiance levels between 200 and 400 μE m−2s−1. Diurnal time series of photosynthesis measurements made with all size classes of phytoplankton from shallow Great Barrier Reef lagoons had broad midday photosynthesis...","PeriodicalId":262997,"journal":{"name":"Biological oceanography","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123389330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Use of Fluorescein Diacetate (FDA) as a Single-Cell Probe of Metabolic Activity in Dinoflagellate Cultures 双醋酸荧光素(FDA)作为鞭毛藻培养物代谢活性单细胞探针的应用
Biological oceanography Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/01965581.1988.10749548
R. Selvin, B. Reguera, I. Bravo, C. M. Yentsch
{"title":"Use of Fluorescein Diacetate (FDA) as a Single-Cell Probe of Metabolic Activity in Dinoflagellate Cultures","authors":"R. Selvin, B. Reguera, I. Bravo, C. M. Yentsch","doi":"10.1080/01965581.1988.10749548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01965581.1988.10749548","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractOur goal was to determine what percentage of cells remain metabolically active under environmentally relevant culture conditions. The approach combines epifluorescence microscopy and/or a standard bench-top fluorometer, plus the probe fluorescein diacetate (FDA). This stain is colorless in solution when added at a final concentration of 10 μM. It readily penetrates the cell membrane, and once inside the cell esterases cleave acetates to form fluorescein. Within 10 minutes, metabolically active cells become brilliantly yellow-green (fluorescence measured at 515–530 nm) while inactive cells do not fluoresce or are only weakly fluorescent. The FDA assay does not degrade the chlorophyll a fluorescence signal (>675 nm) nor does it interfere with normal motility or carbon uptake in most instances. Thirty clones of dinoflagellates were examined in this study. We found this assay useful to (1) optimize culture conditions and transfer schedules; (2) evaluate trauma of transfer into new media; (3) test for ...","PeriodicalId":262997,"journal":{"name":"Biological oceanography","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129752271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
The Distribution of Vertically Migrating Fishes Across the Central Equatorial Pacific 中赤道太平洋垂直洄游鱼类的分布
Biological oceanography Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/01965581.1987.10749484
T. Clarke
{"title":"The Distribution of Vertically Migrating Fishes Across the Central Equatorial Pacific","authors":"T. Clarke","doi":"10.1080/01965581.1987.10749484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01965581.1987.10749484","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractMidwater trawl samples of vertically migrating fishes indicated four latitudinal faunal zones in the central equatorial Pacific between Hawaii and Tahiti. Boundaries of the northernmost and southernmost zones coincided with the boundaries between the equatorial and central water masses. The equatorial water mass was divided into two zones with distinctly different faunas. Of the 112 species considered, 20 occurred in all zones, and most of the remainder fell into one of six groups based upon pattern of occurrence or absence in each of the faunal zones. Correlation of faunal boundaries with oceanographic features in the study area and consideration of distributional data on the species in other areas indicate that differences in thermal structure, and consequent differences in productivity, between the major water masses could account for some barriers to distribution, but that differences in the intensity and vertical extent of the oxygen minimum layer constitute barriers both within and between w...","PeriodicalId":262997,"journal":{"name":"Biological oceanography","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132530005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
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