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Benthic Metabolism and the Quality of Sediment Organic Carbon 底栖生物代谢与沉积物有机碳质量
Biological oceanography Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/01965581.1987.10749493
J. Grant, B. Hargrave
{"title":"Benthic Metabolism and the Quality of Sediment Organic Carbon","authors":"J. Grant, B. Hargrave","doi":"10.1080/01965581.1987.10749493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01965581.1987.10749493","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractWe have used changes in oxygen uptake of sediment cores incubated in the laboratory and receiving no particulate input to examine the utilization of labile organic carbon by the benthos. A model is described that predicts a decline in sediment oxygen consumption after primary labile organic carbon (G01) is depleted. Oxygen consumption by cores taken from an intertidal sandflat in Nova Scotia and incubated in darkness (11–13°C) declined after about two months. G01 organic carbon was estimated as ∼8% of total sediment carbon (GT) in the upper 1 cm of sediment. Anaerobic metabolism (based on CO2 production), a significant portion of community metabolism, increased rather than declined during the incubations. Similar calculations were performed using published data on cores from Narragansett Bay. At this location, organic matter in the G01 fraction was 5% of GT. A less labile organic carbon fraction (G02) was estimated to be 44% of GT based on declining oxygen consumption after 27 days. Refractory car...","PeriodicalId":262997,"journal":{"name":"Biological oceanography","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116852783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Distephanus/Dictyocha Ratios and Seawater Temperature (Cl.: Mastigophorea, Order: Silicoflagellida) 双扇菌/双扇菌比与海水温度(Cl。:鞭毛目:硅鞭毛目)
Biological oceanography Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/01965581.1987.10749500
S. Spoel
{"title":"Distephanus/Dictyocha Ratios and Seawater Temperature (Cl.: Mastigophorea, Order: Silicoflagellida)","authors":"S. Spoel","doi":"10.1080/01965581.1987.10749500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01965581.1987.10749500","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe ratio in abundance of the two silicoflagellate genera Distephanus and Dictyocha in sediment and plankton samples has been used to identify seawater temperature: over a range of 0° to 30°C the ratio should shift from 100% Distephanus to 100% Dictyocha. Studies of plankton samples showed that this shift is found in the South Atlantic but not in the North Atlantic. Near 11°C in the North Atlantic the ratio rather abruptly reverses, which points to a different temperature sensitivity in the north and the south. The findings indicate that the relation between sea-surface temperature and Distephanus/Dictyocha ratio is different in the four seasons of the year and in different geographic areas.","PeriodicalId":262997,"journal":{"name":"Biological oceanography","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130942461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
On the Relationship Between Interannual Baroclinic Waves and Fish Populations in the Northeast Pacific 东北太平洋年际斜压波与鱼类种群的关系
Biological oceanography Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/0198-0254(83)90243-1
L. Mysak, W. Hsieh, T. Parsons
{"title":"On the Relationship Between Interannual Baroclinic Waves and Fish Populations in the Northeast Pacific","authors":"L. Mysak, W. Hsieh, T. Parsons","doi":"10.1016/0198-0254(83)90243-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0198-0254(83)90243-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":262997,"journal":{"name":"Biological oceanography","volume":"37 9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116787694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Ammonia Excretion Rates of Oceanic Copepods and Implications for Estimates of Primary Production in the Sargasso Sea 海洋桡足类氨排泄速率及其对马尾藻海初级产量估算的意义
Biological oceanography Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/01965581.1985.10749475
P. Verity
{"title":"Ammonia Excretion Rates of Oceanic Copepods and Implications for Estimates of Primary Production in the Sargasso Sea","authors":"P. Verity","doi":"10.1080/01965581.1985.10749475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01965581.1985.10749475","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractAmmonia excretion rates of oceanic copepods were measured on three cruises to the Sargasso Sea in August-September 1980, August-September 1981, and March-April 1982. Twenty experiments were conducted using ten species representing genera abundant in the tropical/subtropical Northwest Atlantic: Calanus, Clausocalanus, Undinula, Microsetella, Macrosetella, Oncaea, Farranula, Candada, and Pleuromamma. Remineralization rates of separate species were calculated by linear regression of time series (6–12 h) of net NH4 release, after correction for uptake in control bottles. Changes in chlorophyll a in the total and <10 μm size fractions indicated that these excretion rates are representative of feeding animals. Excretion rates were significantly related to body dry weight, with small copepods releasing more NH4 for their size than large species. The small harpacticoid and cyclopoid copepods excreted NH4 at rates equivalent to their entire body nitrogen every three days. The size frequency distribution of...","PeriodicalId":262997,"journal":{"name":"Biological oceanography","volume":"02 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129895359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Photosynthetic Characteristics of Picoplankton Compared with Those of Larger Phytoplankton Populations, in Various Water Masses in the Gulf of Maine 缅因湾不同水体中小浮游生物与较大浮游植物种群的光合特性比较
Biological oceanography Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/01965581.1985.10749474
H. Glover, D. Phinney, C. Yentsch
{"title":"Photosynthetic Characteristics of Picoplankton Compared with Those of Larger Phytoplankton Populations, in Various Water Masses in the Gulf of Maine","authors":"H. Glover, D. Phinney, C. Yentsch","doi":"10.1080/01965581.1985.10749474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01965581.1985.10749474","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractCell numbers of eucaryotes and cyanobacteria in phototrophic picoplankton and ratios of in vivo fluorescence of phycoerythrin: chlorophyll a indicated that chroococcalean cyanobacteria played a more prominent role in phytoplankton communities, at the least productive stations. At stations displaying large vertical density gradients, subsurface maxima of phytoplankton pigments were observed. Ratios of in vivo fluorescence of phycoerythrin: chlorophyll a were always greater at the pigment maximum than at the surface. Cyanobacteria from pigment maxima demonstrated greater phycoerythrin fluorescence intensity and photosynthetic rates than cyanobacteria from the surface. Photosynthetic characteristics of picoplankton ( 3 μm populations. The picoplankton differed from larger phytoplankton, in that (1) their pattern of photosynthetic carbon fixation did not vary significantly with decreasing light intensity, and at optimal intensities ...","PeriodicalId":262997,"journal":{"name":"Biological oceanography","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126501107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
The Ciguatera Dinoflagellates 鞭毛虫
Biological oceanography Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/01965581.1988.10749533
J. W. Bomber, Kevin E. Aikman
{"title":"The Ciguatera Dinoflagellates","authors":"J. W. Bomber, Kevin E. Aikman","doi":"10.1080/01965581.1988.10749533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01965581.1988.10749533","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThis review was undertaken with the intention of clarifying the role of marine dinoflagellates and. their varied toxins in the human disease ciguatera. Although progress in this field has been slow, great strides have been made within the last few years in the chemistry of ciguatera toxins. Due to the emphasis on toxin structure, other aspects of the ciguatera problem have received insufficient attention. However, preliminary research on dinoflagellate ecology, physiology, and genetics has provided a sound foundation for future studies. An effort has been made to include all probable dinoflagellate contributors and their respective toxins stressing their possible role in the etiology of ciguatera. Also included are sections covering ecology, culture studies, population genetics, and the physiology of toxin production.","PeriodicalId":262997,"journal":{"name":"Biological oceanography","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126579858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 25
A Note on the Feeding, Growth, and Reproduction of the Epipelagic Scyphomedusa Pelagia noctiluca (Forskål) 上海鱼(forsk<s:1> l)的摄食、生长和繁殖
Biological oceanography Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/01965581.1987.10749501
R. Larson
{"title":"A Note on the Feeding, Growth, and Reproduction of the Epipelagic Scyphomedusa Pelagia noctiluca (Forskål)","authors":"R. Larson","doi":"10.1080/01965581.1987.10749501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01965581.1987.10749501","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractPelagia noctiluca is a common circumtropical, epipelagic scyphomedusa. It captures prey either on the ex- umbrella, tentacles, or oral arms. Ciliary activity and muscular contractions transport the prey proximally toward the stomach where the elongate gastric cirri attach to it and digestion begins. Prey of P. noctiluca medusae collected in inshore waters of Puerto Rico consisted of a wide variety of zooplankton (e.g., hydromedusae, ctenophores, copepods, chaetognaths, and fish eggs). The ability of P. noctiluca to feed on both large and small prey species is adaptive in the open ocean where prey are taxonomically variable and of a broad size range. Pelagia noctiluca medusae were maintained in the lab for more than 20 days. A biomass doubling occurred in 14 days. The medusae consumed food equaling 60% of their wet weight per day. Growth efficiency was 10%. Starvation weight loss was >50% in 7 days. Because P. noctiluca often occurs in dense swarms, they can consume large amounts of prey in a short...","PeriodicalId":262997,"journal":{"name":"Biological oceanography","volume":"69 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114091611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 24
Vertical Distribution of the Standing Crop of Plankton and Micronekton at Three Stations in the Northeast Atlantic 东北大西洋三站浮游生物和微浮游生物的垂直分布
Biological oceanography Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/0198-0254(83)90213-3
M. Angel, A. Baker
{"title":"Vertical Distribution of the Standing Crop of Plankton and Micronekton at Three Stations in the Northeast Atlantic","authors":"M. Angel, A. Baker","doi":"10.1016/0198-0254(83)90213-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0198-0254(83)90213-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":262997,"journal":{"name":"Biological oceanography","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123886220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 29
Micronekton Sampling using a New Multiple-Net Sampler, the BIONESS, in Conjunction with a 120 kHz Sounder microoneton采样使用新的多网采样器，BIONESS，结合120千赫的声音
Biological oceanography Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/01965581.1983.10749457
D. Sameoto
{"title":"Micronekton Sampling using a New Multiple-Net Sampler, the BIONESS, in Conjunction with a 120 kHz Sounder","authors":"D. Sameoto","doi":"10.1080/01965581.1983.10749457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01965581.1983.10749457","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe technique of using a 120 kHz sounder to locate concentrations of euphausiids and make observations on the vertical and horizontal distributions of the animals is described. The method of capturing the euphausiids and other micronekton using the BIONESS, a multiple net sampler, in conjunction with acoustic information is discussed.","PeriodicalId":262997,"journal":{"name":"Biological oceanography","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121772176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Quantitative Assessment of the Vertical Distributions of Micronektonic Fishes with Opening/Closing Midwater Trawls 开放/关闭中水拖网微张力鱼类垂直分布的定量评价
Biological oceanography Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/01965581.1983.10749463
W. Pearcy
{"title":"Quantitative Assessment of the Vertical Distributions of Micronektonic Fishes with Opening/Closing Midwater Trawls","authors":"W. Pearcy","doi":"10.1080/01965581.1983.10749463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01965581.1983.10749463","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractSome problems of sampling oceanic micronekton with midwater trawls, especially those with opening/closing devices, are reviewed. Contamination of the catches is a major problem with codend opening/closing devices. Avoidance and escapement are perennial problems with small nets typically used by oceanographers. In order to capture the full spectrum of mesopelagic fishes, including agile or large ones, large nets as well as small nets are needed. Large trawls are not practical to use from most research ships, and the volume of water filtered is difficult to measure.","PeriodicalId":262997,"journal":{"name":"Biological oceanography","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133492508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
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