Pipeline Science and Technology最新文献

Improved methods for sizing metal loss in dents for ECA 改进的ECA凹痕金属损失评定方法

Pipeline Science and Technology Pub Date : 2020-05-31 DOI: 10.28999/2514-541X-2020-4-2-126-136

R. Dotson, Fernando Curiel, L. Sacramento, Zach Locks, Jacob Duska

{"title":"Improved methods for sizing metal loss in dents for ECA","authors":"R. Dotson, Fernando Curiel, L. Sacramento, Zach Locks, Jacob Duska","doi":"10.28999/2514-541X-2020-4-2-126-136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28999/2514-541X-2020-4-2-126-136","url":null,"abstract":"Dents interacting with metal loss remain as a significant challenge to operators. Existing regulations require that dents with metal loss within high consequence areas be treated as immediate repairs or 60-day conditions, resulting in costly excavations for many operators. At the time when these regulations were written, it was not clear whether inline inspection technologies could discriminate the nature of the metal loss (i.e. corrosion or mechanical damage) or provide accurate sizing. Furthermore, advanced analysis techniques such as finite element analysis were limited, and fitness- forservice evaluations were not common. While the technological hurdles involved with evaluating interacting dent and metal loss features have been overcome, sensor lift-off remains a challenging issue for magnetic flux leakage (MFL) inspection tools, as sizing accuracy degrades at larger lift-off distances. Until recently, the sensor lift-off issue limited the ability to perform fitness- for- service evaluations because the metal loss in dent features could not be confidently sized. This study demonstrates how integrated lift-off sensors can be used to quantify the lift-off as the MFL sensors pass over a dent. This technology integration has allowed the confident application of sizing specifications for many dents with metal loss, thereby permitting robust fitness- for- service evaluations. Several case studies are examined in this paper, demonstrating how the integrated MFL and lift-off technology can serve to reduce excavations while still ensuring safe pipeline operations.","PeriodicalId":262860,"journal":{"name":"Pipeline Science and Technology","volume":"208 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115160406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical method for identifying the flow model in the line pipe 一种识别管道内流动模式的数值方法

Pipeline Science and Technology Pub Date : 2020-05-31 DOI: 10.28999/2514-541X-2020-4-2-138-148

V. Zholobov

{"title":"Numerical method for identifying the flow model in the line pipe","authors":"V. Zholobov","doi":"10.28999/2514-541X-2020-4-2-138-148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28999/2514-541X-2020-4-2-138-148","url":null,"abstract":"With high availability of measuring tools and wide opportunities of modern computer technology, the existing methods of predictive estimations of hydraulic parameters for the fluids’ pipeline transport seem to be too approximate. Due to this, it is relevant to adapt the most accurate relationships available in the scientific and technical literature to real conditions. Based on the review of analytical solutions for calculating friction losses in the pressure lines, the structure of relationships most accurately reflecting the experimental data of I. Nikuradze is determined, where the hydraulic drag coefficient ? is described by the piecewise-continuous relations, given by O. M. Ayvazyan. The hydraulic drag coefficient structural relationship shall be selected with the highest capability to summarize the experimental data available in the scientific and technical literature. Using the pressure measurement data, free parameters included in the selected relationship for the hydraulic drag coefficient shall be identified. The numerical computation algorithm is proposed that enables to recover the values of parameters in the structural relationship of hydraulic drag coefficient ? through multiple application of the well-known method of sensitivity functions and pressure measurement data in the line pipe. The procedure is described for generating the computing system of ordinary differential equations that enables for every fixed set of experimental data (pressure and flow rate) to determine (or correct, if necessary) the corresponding parameters in the unified structural relationship for hydraulic drag coefficient ?. The feature of the proposed algorithm is the absence of embedded cycles. Dynamic control of variable parameters in the hydraulic drag coefficient ? based upon the proposed approach enables to improve the predictive estimations accuracy of flow parameters while pumping fluids and to acquire additional data on the state of the fluids filling the inner pipeline space.","PeriodicalId":262860,"journal":{"name":"Pipeline Science and Technology","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125870927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimization modeling of degradation processes in crude oil spilled on the sea surface considering the wind conditions 考虑风条件的海面溢油降解过程优化建模

Pipeline Science and Technology Pub Date : 2020-05-31 DOI: 10.28999/2514-541X-2020-4-2-150-153

H. G. Asadov, R. Mammadli

引用次数: 0

Derivation of phenomenological turbulence theory in liquid with small additives of drag reducing agents 含少量减阻剂的液体中湍流现象理论的推导

Pipeline Science and Technology Pub Date : 2020-05-31 DOI: 10.28999/2514-541X-2020-4-2-118-125

N. N. Golunov, M. Lurie

{"title":"Derivation of phenomenological turbulence theory in liquid with small additives of drag reducing agents","authors":"N. N. Golunov, M. Lurie","doi":"10.28999/2514-541X-2020-4-2-118-125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28999/2514-541X-2020-4-2-118-125","url":null,"abstract":"Paper considers the issue of deriving the phenomenological turbulence theory in liquids treated with small additives of drag reducing agent. It also proposes the concept that for practical purposes, it is the phenomenological theory, which is relevant, since it determines the parameters of the phenomenon in question in the absence of detailed knowledge of the mechanisms of additives action, which, despite many years of intensive studies, remain either unknown or not fully understood. Different additives have different effects on shear turbulence in pipes and channels and, accordingly, change the integral characteristics of the turbulent flow in different ways. Some additives affect only the narrow wall-bounded areas of the flow without changing the turbulent viscosity in the flow core, while others act throughout the entire flow volume and significantly change the turbulent viscosity. Additives of the first type affect a turbulent flow by changing the boundary conditions in known models without changing the model coefficients. Additives of the second type change both the boundary conditions and the coefficients of the model itself. It is shown that the von Karman modified theory (model) of shear turbulence is equally suitable for describing the turbulent flow of a liquid with additives of the both first and second types. The universal drag equation with experimentally determined transfer coefficients that follows from this model enables calculating the hydraulic drag coefficient depending on the properties of the drag reducing agent used.","PeriodicalId":262860,"journal":{"name":"Pipeline Science and Technology","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125668374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using deep learning to identify the severity of pipeline dents 使用深度学习来识别管道凹痕的严重程度

Pipeline Science and Technology Pub Date : 2020-05-31 DOI: 10.28999/2514-541X-2020-4-2-90-96

Ishita Charkraborty, B. Vyvial

引用次数: 0

Method for determining technological parameters to repair pipeline with out-of-spec curvature 曲率超标管道修复工艺参数的确定方法

Pipeline Science and Technology Pub Date : 2020-05-31 DOI: 10.28999/2514-541X-2020-4-2-84-88

V. M. Varshitsky, I. B. Lebedenko, E. N. Figarov

{"title":"Method for determining technological parameters to repair pipeline with out-of-spec curvature","authors":"V. M. Varshitsky, I. B. Lebedenko, E. N. Figarov","doi":"10.28999/2514-541X-2020-4-2-84-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28999/2514-541X-2020-4-2-84-88","url":null,"abstract":"When performing in-line inspection of trunk pipelines, line pipe sections are detected with curvature exceeding the values required by specifications. To prepare a repair work project that entails bringing the pipeline into the standard conditions, it is necessary to determine the technological parameters of the repair. The corresponding technique is known for cases of moving an initially straight pipeline. The authors of the paper have developed the method for determining the technological parameters to repair pipeline with out-of-spec curvature of the axis. The method is based on simulation of pipeline deformation with the initial curvature of the axis, taking into account the actual operating conditions of the pipeline and in-line inspection data. Examples of calculations of repair technological parameters and stress-strain state of pipeline sections with out-of-spec curvature are given. The simulation results confirm the possibility for applying this method to assess the technological parameters of repair, the length of trench excavation, the size and limits of the pipeline additional burying or lifting, and to determine the stress-strain state of the pipeline section under repair during and after repair work.","PeriodicalId":262860,"journal":{"name":"Pipeline Science and Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116077241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Creating the knowledge base and data banks to justify the strength reliability of the pipeline transport system for oil and petroleum products 建立知识库和数据库，以证明石油和石油产品管道运输系统的强度可靠性

Pipeline Science and Technology Pub Date : 2020-03-31 DOI: 10.28999/2514-541X-2020-4-1-28-42

N. Makhutov, D. Neganov

{"title":"Creating the knowledge base and data banks to justify the strength reliability of the pipeline transport system for oil and petroleum products","authors":"N. Makhutov, D. Neganov","doi":"10.28999/2514-541X-2020-4-1-28-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28999/2514-541X-2020-4-1-28-42","url":null,"abstract":"The paper outlines the scientific fundamentals for creating and applying the knowledge bases and the data banks in the design, construction and operation of pipeline transport systems. The analysis of knowledge is carried out, the main directions of knowledge base creation and its fundamentals are considered in terms of the pipeline transport of oil and petroleum products. The knowledge bases include both the existing system of scientifically validated proposals to the structure, classification, criteria, constitutive equations for design-and-experimental assessment of strength, stability, stiffness of the load-bearing elements of pipeline transport facilities, and further development of these proposals in terms of analyzing the operation life, reliability, and damage tolerance of the pipeline transport system, analysis of its protection against crisis and emergency situations. Data banks are considered as the initial information basis for the knowledge implementation at all stages of the pipeline transport system life cycle. It is concluded that the creation of the unified system of knowledge base and data banks is of significant scientific and practical importance for the further development of pipeline transport systems with regard to up-to-date requirements for ensuring and improving their strength, service life, reliability, damage tolerance, and safety of construction and operation.","PeriodicalId":262860,"journal":{"name":"Pipeline Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132136582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modeling of electromagnetic fields of pipelines cathodic protection systems in horizontally layered medium 水平层状介质中管道阴极保护系统电磁场建模

Pipeline Science and Technology Pub Date : 2020-03-31 DOI: 10.28999/2514-541x-2020-4-1-52-61

V. N. Krizsky, P. N. Aleksandrov, A. A. Kovalskii, S. Viktorov

{"title":"Modeling of electromagnetic fields of pipelines cathodic protection systems in horizontally layered medium","authors":"V. N. Krizsky, P. N. Aleksandrov, A. A. Kovalskii, S. Viktorov","doi":"10.28999/2514-541x-2020-4-1-52-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28999/2514-541x-2020-4-1-52-61","url":null,"abstract":"Design of cathodic protection systems of the trunk pipeline is regulated by current standards, based on the condition of uniformity and constancy of the electric conductivity of the multilayered half-space surrounding the pipeline. The current mathematical models of such systems also use an average value of the medium electric conductivity, which does not fully reflect the actual characteristics of the soil, in which the pipeline is laid. The authors present a method that accounts for the thickness and electrical conductivity of individual beds in a vertically-inhomogeneous, horizontally layered medium (the most practically appropriate case). Using method of computational experiment, the authors showed the importance of accounting for the effect of the medium layers structure and electrical resistivity on the protective voltage of the electric current in the cathodic protection system for underground trunk pipeline and studied the magnetic field sensitivity dependence on the insulation resistance of the pipeline defect-containing segments and on the altitude of data acquisition.","PeriodicalId":262860,"journal":{"name":"Pipeline Science and Technology","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115536857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improving power efficiency of underloaded pipelines with variable frequency drives 用变频驱动提高欠载管道的功率效率

Pipeline Science and Technology Pub Date : 2020-03-31 DOI: 10.28999/2514-541X-2020-4-1-4-9

P. A. Revel-Muroz, Pjsc Transneft, G. N. Matveev, Leonid M. Bekker, Konstantin Y. Shtukaturov, Jsc Giprotruboprovod

{"title":"Improving power efficiency of underloaded pipelines with variable frequency drives","authors":"P. A. Revel-Muroz, Pjsc Transneft, G. N. Matveev, Leonid M. Bekker, Konstantin Y. Shtukaturov, Jsc Giprotruboprovod","doi":"10.28999/2514-541X-2020-4-1-4-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28999/2514-541X-2020-4-1-4-9","url":null,"abstract":"The paper considers the option to reduce power consumption in the operation of the underloaded trunk pipeline by engaging additional pump units with lower rotor r.p.m. control using variable frequency drive. Under these conditions, the operating point of the pumps (delivery rate, head) approaches to the rated output, thus increasing the efficiency of the pumps and decreasing the electricity power consumption for pumping operations. The paper presents comparative calculations of operating conditions for a section of the trunk pipeline with a specified pumping capacity of 35 million t/year (60 % of the design load) when one, two and three main line pumps with variable frequency drives are engaged. The power consumption for pumping is calculated using the dependence of the variable frequency drive and motor efficiencies on the electric motor load and rotational speed. Based on the results of calculations, the electric energy saving is determined when additional pumping units are engaged. The experience has shown that when the second main line pump was engaged, the electric energy saving for pumping was 3.7% compared to the condition with one pump running. However, if the third pump is engaged, the saving is only 1.9 % – the decrease is due to lower motor and variable frequency drive efficiencies in the underloaded condition.","PeriodicalId":262860,"journal":{"name":"Pipeline Science and Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124416665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Failure pressure prediction of pipeline with single corrosion defect using artificial neural network 基于人工神经网络的单一腐蚀缺陷管道失效压力预测

Pipeline Science and Technology Pub Date : 2020-03-31 DOI: 10.28999/2514-541X-2020-4-1-10-17

Kiu Toh Chin, T. Arumugam, S. Karuppanan, M. Ovinis

{"title":"Failure pressure prediction of pipeline with single corrosion defect using artificial neural network","authors":"Kiu Toh Chin, T. Arumugam, S. Karuppanan, M. Ovinis","doi":"10.28999/2514-541X-2020-4-1-10-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28999/2514-541X-2020-4-1-10-17","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the development and application of artificial neural network (ANN) to predict the failure pressure of single corrosion affected pipes subjected to internal pressure only. The development of the ANN model is based on the results of 71 sets of full-scale burst test data of pipe grades ranging from API 5L X42 to X100. The ANN model was developed using MATLAB’s Neural Network Toolbox with 1 hidden layer and 30 neurons. Before further deployment, the developed ANN model was compared against the training data and it produced a coefficient of determination of 0.99. The developed ANN model was further tested against a set of failure pressure data of API 5L X52 and X80 grade corroded pipes. Results revealed that the developed ANN model is able to predict the failure pressure with good margins of error (within 15%). Furthermore, the developed ANN model was used to determine the failure trends when corrosion defect length and depth were varied. Results from this failure trend analysis revealed that corrosion defect depth is the most significant parameter when it comes to corroded pipeline failure.","PeriodicalId":262860,"journal":{"name":"Pipeline Science and Technology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131261588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19