{"title":"MARRIAGE AS A CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL CATEGORY: HISTORY AND MODERNITY","authors":"E. O. Kolokolova","doi":"10.52623/2227-4383-1-43-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52623/2227-4383-1-43-25","url":null,"abstract":"Marriage can be interpreted as an institution of law, a legal fact, a special form of contract, a specific legal structure. In recent years, there has been an active debate about the neutralization of this definition regarding the gender difference between spouses. Many countries have legalized same-sex unions. The Constitutional Court of Russia and the European Court of Human Rights consider cases of discrimination based on sexual orientation. It is impossible to deny the importance of the institution of marriage for the legal field of any state. Marriage as a legal fact significantly affects the property and personal rights of spouses and other family members. In 2020 a number of amendments were made to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, among which was an amendment stating that marriage is a union of a man and a woman. There was a lot of controversy around this amendment. The rationale for introducing this definition into the text of the Constitution of the Russian Federation was the establishment of a final understanding of the institution of marriage. However everything is not clear. Is the consolidation of marriage as a constitutional and legal category a guarantee of preserving the traditional understanding of the marriage union? The article analyzes the category of «marriage» in the framework of the constitutional legislation of Russia. The article analyzes the significance of the amendment on marriage in the text of the Basic Law and the impact of this fact on the development of legislation on marriage and family relations.","PeriodicalId":262841,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Russian University of Cooperation","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133050737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. F. Kovalyov, C. Kupirova, E. Nechaeva, V.Ya. Perepyolkin
{"title":"MISCARRIAGE OF JUS- TICE AS ONE OF THE REASONS FOR NOT ACHIEVING PURPOSES OF CRIMINAL PUNISHMENT","authors":"A. F. Kovalyov, C. Kupirova, E. Nechaeva, V.Ya. Perepyolkin","doi":"10.52623/2227-4383-1-43-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52623/2227-4383-1-43-24","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the hypothesis that a judicial error can significantly reduce the likelihood of achieving the goals of criminal punishment. The concepts of miscarriage of justice and the goals of punishment are formulated, and the consequences of failure to achieve the goals of criminal punishment are analyzed. Statistical data are provided that confirm the existence of the problem of inefficient implementation of the goals of criminal punishment. Possible, probable, as well as actually committed judicial errors are considered, as a result of which the goals of punishment cannot be achieved. The authors come to the conclusion that a significant reduction in the number of judicial errors will have an exceptionally positive impact not only on the judicial system, including its authority, but also on other involved systems – criminal law, penal enforcement, etc. A correct court decision regarding the size and type of punishment is a necessary basis for achieving the goals specified in Part 2 of Article 43 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.","PeriodicalId":262841,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Russian University of Cooperation","volume":"38 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120858087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MODERN WAYS TO NEUTRALIZE THREATS TO THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF A CREDIT ORGANIZATION","authors":"E. Kuznetsova, T. E. Shilkina","doi":"10.52623/2227-4383-1-43-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52623/2227-4383-1-43-14","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the assessment of the developed tools for ensuring the economic security of banks. The authors reveal the main elements that form the security system of a credit institution, present innovative techniques and tools for ensuring the economic security of a credit institution, and describe the detailed mechanism of the bank's security service. Special attention is paid to the study of the classification of information about counterparties and the degrees of risk for interacting with them using modern information technologies. The authors describe the main and main ways to neutralize the identified threats, as well as a detailed algorithm of actions to preserve the economic security of a credit institution. The object under study is the public joint-stock company «Sberbank of Russia». The article contains conclusions on the application of modern techniques and methods in the formation of a promising system of economic security of credit institutions.","PeriodicalId":262841,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Russian University of Cooperation","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131023741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ASPECTS OF EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL THREATS TO THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE ORGANIZATION","authors":"A. Shakiryanova","doi":"10.52623/2227-4383-1-43-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52623/2227-4383-1-43-21","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the theoretical aspects of the implementation of the economic security system of the organization, defines the main elements of the implementation of the economic security system of the organization. The tasks that contribute to the achievement of the goal of implementing the organization's economic security system are outlined. The implementation of a permanent system for tracking and monitoring all potential threats to the economic security of the business should be the result of the work of all parts of the organization. The process elements that contribute to the implementation of the security system are highlighted, as well as tactical measures that contribute to the solution of tasks for the implementation of the economic security system. In the author's opinion, the consideration of internal threats to the economic security of the enterprise is relevant. It is emphasized that the implemented system of economic security of the organization should be constantly updated and modernized, which will ensure financial stability and long-term development in a market economy.","PeriodicalId":262841,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Russian University of Cooperation","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133264685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT SEGMENTATION BASED ON THE PEST ANALYSIS METHOD","authors":"M. M. Malyasova","doi":"10.52623/2227-4383-1-43-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52623/2227-4383-1-43-16","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the importance and role of the business environment on the basis of generalization of theoretical and practical research. The purpose of the study is to analyze the business environment for different segments; identify indicators and characteristics of the business environment; study the impact of the business environment on the profitability of an economic entity. The essential characteristics of the business environment are considered, as well as the following segments of the business environment: economy, demography, technology and legal regulation. The most significant indicators and performance characteristics of each segment of the business environment are grouped. In the segment of the economy, indicators of trade turnover, average monthly income of the population were revealed; in the segment of demography – consumer behavior: in the segment of technology – the virtual possibilities of the functioning of the enterprise; in the segment of legal regulation – the political situation and events. The main research method was PEST analysis. To substantiate the macroeconomic indicators of the business environment, an expert assessment was applied. In conclusion, the author evaluates the cumulative impact of business environment segments on the functioning of the enterprise.","PeriodicalId":262841,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Russian University of Cooperation","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121897907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ACCOUNTING AND ANALYTICAL SUPPORT FOR EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF BUDGET INSTITUTIONS OF THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION","authors":"G. Stukalova","doi":"10.52623/2227-4383-1-43-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52623/2227-4383-1-43-19","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to a relevant topic – accounting and analytical information, which is necessary when analyzing the activities of budgetary institutions in the context of the implementation of government orders and income-generating activities. Since budgetary institutions are empowered to carry out commercial activities, it is necessary to develop a system of indicators that will allow analyzing the results of commercial activities to manage it. The source of information is the financial statements of a budgetary institution, and the article analyzes its ability to provide analytical calculations with the necessary information. The author notes that the management of income-generating activities is not fully supported by timely calculated analytical data. Due to the fact that the methodology for analyzing economic indicators for the timely management of income-generating activities is in the process of being developed, it is necessary to control all parameters of the plan of financial and economic activities and the report on the financial results of budgetary institutions.","PeriodicalId":262841,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Russian University of Cooperation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130246746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"THE MECHANISM OF MANAGING THE SAFETY OF THE INDIVIDUAL AND THE SAFETY OF SOCIETY IN THE CONTEXT OF STATE POLICY IN ADAPTIVE SPORTS","authors":"E. V. Ivanova, L.P. Fyodorova","doi":"10.52623/2227-4383-1-43-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52623/2227-4383-1-43-11","url":null,"abstract":"The study notes that when managing the safety of the individual and the safety of society as a whole in the context of state policy in adaptive sports, their harmonious combination is necessary. The analysis is carried out and the trends in the development of adaptive and inclusive sports in the regional practice of sports inclusion are identified with their integration into three groups: the development of projects for the implementation of modern technologies, the organization of free regular joint classes, socially oriented projects for the target group of participants. The recommendations for determining the strategic directions of the region's development in adaptive sports are justified by building a strategy mechanism within the framework of the proposed approaches to improve the safety of individuals and society as a whole: highlighting individual tasks in regional programs for the development of physical culture and sports; participating in projects of federal programs and national projects; implementing a systematic approach to sports inclusion on the territory of individual municipalities; distributing «point» examples of successful regional practices.","PeriodicalId":262841,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Russian University of Cooperation","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115991574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AND MEDIUM BUSINESSES AND MEASURES TAKEN TO SUPPORT IT AT THE STATE LEVEL","authors":"E. Zotova, Y. I. Kargin, T.V. Dvoretskaya","doi":"10.52623/2227-4383-1-43-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52623/2227-4383-1-43-10","url":null,"abstract":"In the development of small and medium businesses, there are many problems associated with the weak motivating component of business, the implementation of its state support. The article raises the question of the correlation between the dynamics of the development of small and medium businesses and the measures taken to support them at the state level, and assesses the level of development of small and medium businesses at the state and regional levels. The collected and analyzed factual material made it possible to determine the turning point in changing trends in the development of small and medium businesses, and an attempt to identify the causes of this process, the reduction in the volume of entrepreneurial activity was made. \u0000The conclusion reached by the authors is as follows: the analysis of national programs of state support for small and medium businesses has shown that the potential opportunities of organizations directly or indirectly involved in providing favorable and comfortable conditions for the development of small and medium businesses are not fully realized. It is necessary to adjust the amounts provided for by national projects for the development and support of entrepreneurship, taking into account the targeting and responsibility for their development.","PeriodicalId":262841,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Russian University of Cooperation","volume":"78 17-18","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114013870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ROLE OF MARKETING LOGISTICS IN ORGANIZATION OF A COM- PETITIVE SALES SYSTEM OF THE ENTERPRISE","authors":"L. Alexandrova","doi":"10.52623/2227-4383-1-43-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52623/2227-4383-1-43-1","url":null,"abstract":"In modern conditions of tougher competition, sales are an important link in the development of communication between the enterprise and consumers. The article reveals the essence and elements of the product sales system. The relevance and tasks of its organization are indicated. The necessity of integration of marketing and logistics, the need for joint application of their methods and approaches in the process of organizing the sales system of an enterprise has been substantiated. \u0000The main attention is paid to the disclosure of the essence of marketing logistics as a tool for ensuring sustainable competitive positions of the distribution system, its functions, place and role in the formation of a competitive sales system of the enterprise are determined. It was revealed that its organization fits into the corporate strategy, and this allows making economically sound decisions regarding the modification or preservation of the existing existing distribution channel and the choice of the optimal distribution channel based on the principles of marketing logistics. \u0000The synergistic economic effect of marketing logistics in the field of organizing the sales system is manifested in the implementation of its functions: analytical and forecasting, transport and storage, information and communication, service and distribution and coordination. Increasing the role, using the strategic potential of marketing logistics is a condition for the implementation and development of the integral competitive potential of an enterprise and the competitive advantages of its sales system.","PeriodicalId":262841,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Russian University of Cooperation","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121899071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}