{"title":"Fabrication of magnetic thin film structures for control of electromagnetic interference","authors":"C. Grimes","doi":"10.1109/AERO.1996.499678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.1996.499678","url":null,"abstract":"We are concerned with methods for the absorption of unwanted electromagnetic energy, which is commonly referred to as electromagnetic interference or EMI. High permeability magnetic metals used for the control of EMI have high conductivities and hence support eddy currents, which act to reflect the incident wave before it can be absorbed. Eddy currents can be reduced by fabricating the film in a multilayer design, with the magnetic layers separated by electrically insulating dielectric layers, and also by sectioning the film into electrically isolated regions. However magnetic properties are significantly affected by sample shape. In order to find high performance EMI absorbers, we examine the low frequency BH loop, magnetic flux density B versus applied magnetic field H, and complex permeability spectra of multilayer permalloy films laser processed to define stripes geometries upon the samples. The stripes are defined parallel to the as-deposited magnetic hard axis (perpendicular to the direction of magnetization). We begin by examining different laser energy densities for groove definition in films of different thicknesses. We find the sample geometry can compensate for the inherent anisotropy field of the as-deposited film, resulting in fabrication of films with precisely controlled permeabilities. We find that for multilayer thin films the demagnetizing field, which is a function of groove depth, is able to reorient the easy and hard axes from the initial orientation. At the point of re-orientation, the samples become isotropic with large permeabilities. As the groove becomes more clearly defined the hard axis permeability increases, while the easy axis permeability decreases. The role of stripe width and ambient processing atmosphere have been investigated and are reported.","PeriodicalId":262646,"journal":{"name":"1996 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference. Proceedings","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122292165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reverse engineering data requirements","authors":"Markus Hoffman, Carver","doi":"10.1109/AERO.1996.495931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.1996.495931","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes some of the difficulties involved in migrating a flat file database accounting system to a relational platform. Included in the discussion are such factors as data reengineering, data collection processing and partial reengineering of legacy systems. We present a case study which was undertaken on a large scale flat file database system. We discuss possible solutions to the problems.","PeriodicalId":262646,"journal":{"name":"1996 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference. Proceedings","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128380630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"3D packaging technology overview and mass memory applications","authors":"R. Terrill, G.L. Beene","doi":"10.1109/AERO.1996.495988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.1996.495988","url":null,"abstract":"In response to the need for significant reductions in size and weight of digital electronic systems, several companies have developed packaging technologies that focus on miniaturization of memory functions. This paper describes the four basic three dimensional (3D) memory packaging technologies. Physical descriptions and sample photographs of the options provided. Metrics of packaging are developed to provide potential users a means of determining which technology might be best suited to their application. The basics of how to apply 3D memory products are also discussed. Consideration of design and test decisions on product cost are discussed. Also provided are examples of how 3D memory modules may be used in both processor multichip module (MCM) applications and in mass memory (solid-state recorder) applications.","PeriodicalId":262646,"journal":{"name":"1996 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference. Proceedings","volume":"2007 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125623585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Chau, K. Reh, B. Cox, J. Barfield, W. Lockhart, M.L. McLelland
{"title":"A multi-mission space avionics architecture","authors":"S. Chau, K. Reh, B. Cox, J. Barfield, W. Lockhart, M.L. McLelland","doi":"10.1109/AERO.1996.495882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.1996.495882","url":null,"abstract":"As the budget for the space industry is dwindling, a reusable avionics architecture applicable across multiple missions is urgently needed to reduce the development and production costs of flight projects. This paper presents a multi-mission avionics architecture which employs interface standards extensively, so that avionics systems can be built rapidly by assembling subsystems and instruments in a plug-and-play manner. The key feature of this architecture is a \"backbone\" standard parallel bus which can accommodate various standard interfaces through a repertoire of I/O modules. Hence, specific mission requirements can be met by selecting and integrating the appropriate subsystems and instruments into the system. This architecture can also adopt different \"backbone\" buses, implement redundant processors, and support distributed processing. An example of the architecture using the MOPS6000 (Miniaturized Optimized Processor for Space-RAD6000) is also described.","PeriodicalId":262646,"journal":{"name":"1996 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference. Proceedings","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122254784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A reverse engineering toolkit for design recovery","authors":"R. Erraguntla, D. Carver","doi":"10.1109/AERO.1996.495980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.1996.495980","url":null,"abstract":"Migration of code from an imperative paradigm to other paradigms, including the parallel/distributed paradigm, is often done in an ad hoc manner. In order to systematically approach this problem, we first need the design of the original system. In this paper we describe a reverse engineering toolkit that we developed to extract the design of a system. An object-oriented design and implementation were used in the development of the toolkit. By using the toolkit, we can comprehend a program's modules and how they interact with each other. The information extracted is amenable for an abstraction of a parallel design. Also, the design of the toolkit facilitates object extraction from imperative code.","PeriodicalId":262646,"journal":{"name":"1996 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference. Proceedings","volume":"34 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120905788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PetaFLOPS scale computing systems, opportunities, and challenges","authors":"T. Sterling","doi":"10.1109/AERO.1996.496052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.1996.496052","url":null,"abstract":"Petaflops is a scale of computer performance equal to a million billion operations per second and is thousands of times more powerful than today's most powerful massively parallel processors. Although representative of a class of system far beyond feasibility with contemporary technology, petaflops computer architecture is the target of active investigation and the topic of government sponsored workshops. Realizing petaflops capability will depend on advances in device technology, architectural structures, and parallel algorithms for scientific and engineering applications. This paper describes the field of petaflops computing in terms of the evolution of enabling technologies, new architectures likely to deliver effective performance at the petaflops level, and examples of important applications that will be significantly advanced through the availability of future petaflops computers. A summary of the seminal findings of several recent workshops exploring this regime of computing systems will be presented in detail. Analysis of the critical technologies and their evolution will be used to support estimates of the likely timeframe in which such capability will become practical.","PeriodicalId":262646,"journal":{"name":"1996 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference. Proceedings","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125720875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Database replication in a high up-time environment","authors":"D. Williamson","doi":"10.1109/AERO.1996.496073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.1996.496073","url":null,"abstract":"Database and transaction processing (TP) systems are two components of a high up-time environment that are critical to the continued commercial success of many large organizations. This paper addresses the technology and issues of database availability and replication in the context of a, high up-time environment. The high up-time environment may be labeled \"7/24 availability\" to indicate a need for systems that are available twenty four hours a day, seven days a week, and all year round. This paper discusses the demand for 7/24 systems that can survive earthquakes and other natural and/or man made disasters, through the use of hardware and software replication of databases in locations that are geographically distant from each other. The paper focuses in detail on the hardware, database and network software technology that is required to keep remote replication systems in a state of constant readiness. The paper then discusses the management issues of hardware system redundancy and the seven scenarios that must be played out when managing disaster situations. This paper draws from Bull's customer experience and requirements in the use of Remote Duplicate Database Facility 8 (RDDF 8) to maintain TP systems in a state of constant readiness. This technology is particularly appropriate for Aerospace logistics applications that have to maintain a global awareness of parts availability and readiness. This paper will help management evaluation of current situations and future directions in developing high availability systems.","PeriodicalId":262646,"journal":{"name":"1996 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference. Proceedings","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116717505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. T. Stair, C. Beeler, M. Gardner, C. H. Humphrey, S. Rappaport, R. Rieder, O. Shepherd, M. McElroy, K. D. Bishop, K. Emanuel, P. Joss, G. Macdonald
{"title":"Measurements of upper tropospheric and lower stratospheric water substance content using ARES instrumentation","authors":"A. T. Stair, C. Beeler, M. Gardner, C. H. Humphrey, S. Rappaport, R. Rieder, O. Shepherd, M. McElroy, K. D. Bishop, K. Emanuel, P. Joss, G. Macdonald","doi":"10.1109/AERO.1996.496059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.1996.496059","url":null,"abstract":"Water plays a central role in the greenhouse effect in the Earth's atmosphere. The quantity of water substance (water vapor plus condensed water) in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (altitudes of approximately 6-18 km), is especially important to the modeling of the global climate. Of particular interest is the water substance in the vicinity of the tropopause. Empirical data concerning the mean water substance content and its spatial and temporal variability through this range of altitudes are extremely sparse; in fact, the available data are inadequate for meaningful comparison with the predictions of global climate models. The ARES program, which employs a WB-57F aircraft that can fly at a wide range of altitudes as high as 19 km, provides a powerful new resource for measuring the atmospheric water substance content through the critical range of interest. The primary instrument on board the ARES aircraft is the imaging spectrometer, which collects data in the 2-6.3 /spl mu/m wavelength region. The volume density of the atmospheric water substance is determined as a function of altitude by measuring the absorption of solar or lunar irradiance at several altitude increments from 6 km to 18 km. The use of the WB-57F aircraft for these data collections allows for the measurement of geographic and seasonal variations in the atmospheric water content. Upcoming flights will examine these variations and will include an instrument upgrade package that includes an ozone meter to determine the altitude of the tropopause, as well as Lyman-/spl alpha/ and chilled mirror hygrometers for independent verification of the water vapor densities measured by the ARES spectrophotometric data. This paper presents the results of a preliminary set of measurements obtained in May and December 1994, and describes plans for upcoming flights.","PeriodicalId":262646,"journal":{"name":"1996 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference. Proceedings","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114180307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Triple-triple redundant 777 primary flight computer","authors":"Y. C. Yeh","doi":"10.1109/AERO.1996.495891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.1996.495891","url":null,"abstract":"The flight control system for the Boeing 777 airplane is a Fly-By-Wire (FBW) system. The FBW system must meet extremely high levels of functional integrity and availability. The heart of the FBW concept is the use of triple redundancy for all hardware resources: computing system, airplane electrical power, hydraulic power and communication path. The Primary Flight Computer (PFC) is the central computation element of the FBW system. The triple modular redundancy (TMR) concept also applies to the PFC architectural design. Further, the N-version dissimilarity issue is integrated to the TMR concept. The PFCs consist of three similar channels (of the same part number), and each channel contains three dissimilar computation lanes. The 777 program design is to select the ARINC 629 bus as the communication media for the FBW.","PeriodicalId":262646,"journal":{"name":"1996 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference. Proceedings","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125345645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Communication technology developments in Scotland: AbMAN","authors":"B. Murton","doi":"10.1109/AERO.1996.496075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.1996.496075","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes the planning, implementation and usage of a Metropolitan Area Network within Aberdeen, Scotland. The network links higher education and research institutes providing high bandwidth to enable the provision of data, telephony and video services. The project is multi-year with the potential to totally fibre the city and this paper describes the first two years of the project. Aspects of present and future applications are covered.","PeriodicalId":262646,"journal":{"name":"1996 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference. Proceedings","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126814482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}