{"title":"Analysis of stabilizing effect of filters in dispersion-managed soliton systems","authors":"M. Matsumoto","doi":"10.1364/nlgw.1998.nwc.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlgw.1998.nwc.3","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies of dispersion-managed solitons show that their pulse energy in the steady state is larger than that of the conventional soliton with the same (minimum) pulse width and the same (averaged) fiber dispersion [1]. The enhanced pulse energy reduces the relative effect of noise emitted from inline optical amplifiers, which can extend the transmission distance. This indicates that the use of control schemes such as frequency-sliding filters and synchronous modulation may not be needed in the dispersion-managed soliton systems [2]. The use of filters with appropriate bandwidth, however, can be beneficial to increase further the system length [3]. The filters may also be effective to reduce mutual interaction between adjacent pulses that is one of the factors limiting the performance of dispersion-managed solitons with strong power enhancement. The author previously carried out a semi-numerical analysis of the effect of filters on the dispersion-managed soliton (stretched pulse) transmission [4]. In this paper analytical expressions for the strength of stabilizing pulse energy and frequency by the filters are given.","PeriodicalId":262564,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Guided Waves and Their Applications","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115583937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Te-Tm Coupling of Spatial Solitons in Planar Waveguides With Cascaded Second-Order Nonlinearity","authors":"A. Boardman, K. Xie, A. K. Sangarpaul, H. Mehta","doi":"10.1364/nlgw.1995.nthb2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlgw.1995.nthb2","url":null,"abstract":"Second-order nonlinearity is traditionally associated with second-harmonic generation and was not, until recently1-7, seen as a source of intensity dependent phenomena. The rejection of second-order materials, as envelope or spatial soliton hosts, appears to have been centred upon a phase-matching argument1. This view has now changed and the back-mixing 1,2,7, or down-mixing [cascading], of the second-harmonic with the fundamental wave to create useable third-order nonlinearity in the form of an intensity-dependent refractive index is opening up exciting prospects. Featuring strongly among these are spatial soliton interactions. Such excitations depend upon the competing roles of diffraction and nonlinearity8,9 and have already received some attention10.","PeriodicalId":262564,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Guided Waves and Their Applications","volume":"322 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122100091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Eigenvalue Switching by Cascading","authors":"L. Torner, J. Torres","doi":"10.1364/nlgw.1996.fd.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlgw.1996.fd.5","url":null,"abstract":"Self-action of light is a subject of constant intense investigation due to the fascinating phenomena encountered and their potential applications to all-optical, ultrafast signal processing devices. Optical solitons play a central role in such scenario because of their unique particlelike properties. Until recently optical solitons have been mainly pursued using the optical Kerr effect in cubic nonlinear media, and the photorefractive effect. The propagation of light in cubic nonlinear media is described by the nonlinear Schröedinger (NLSE) which in appropriate waveguide settings has both single and higher-order soliton solutions, and various types of devices based on such solitons have been proposed. Higher-order solitons are bound states of several single solitons. In the framework of the inverse scattering transform the number of solitons of the NLSE contained into an input light signal is given by the number of eigenvalues of the Zakharov-Shabat scattering The bound states contain no binding energy and they can be destroyed by different physical mechanisms that appear as perturbations to the NLSE.","PeriodicalId":262564,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Guided Waves and Their Applications","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124468360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nonlinear directional coupler for solitary waves formed by the quadratic nonlinearity","authors":"M. Karpierz","doi":"10.1364/nlgw.1996.fd.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlgw.1996.fd.8","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the great effort of nonlinear guided-wave phenomena research is focused on the cascaded second-order process which can produce relatively large intensity-dependent phase changes of the wave propagating in optical waveguides [1-7]. Among a variety of nonlinear effects, the cascaded second order nonlinearity can be a source of forming temporal or spatial solitons [3-7], The phase mismatched second harmonic generation (ω+ω) and difference frequency generation (2ω-ω) lead to effective intensity-dependent phase changes of the pulse at both frequencies. This allows to form the pair of solitary waves at fundamental frequency and second harmonics with amplitude envelopes not changed along the propagation.","PeriodicalId":262564,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Guided Waves and Their Applications","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126176186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Solitary Wave Emission in a Planar Waveguide with the Adjoining Linear and Nonlinear Thin Film","authors":"J. Jeong, C. Kwak, El-Hang Lee","doi":"10.1364/nlgw.1995.nfa11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlgw.1995.nfa11","url":null,"abstract":"The spatial soliton in Kerr-like nonlinear media has been the subject of extensive research because of its potential application to all-optical switching [1]. In particular, spatial solitary waves in nonlinear waveguides are of cunent interest because of a novel, very interesting optical bistable and switching effect [2,3]. The soliton coupler, suggested by Heartley et al., is one of the most exciting examples to utilize the threshold effect of spatial soliton emission for the sharp switching devices [4]. The majority of theoretical work to date, however, has been restricted to the planar waveguides consisting of the linear thin film bounded by one or two nonlinear semi-infinite media [2,3]. In this work, we consider a planar waveguide consisting of the adjoining linear and nonlinear guiding thin film covered by two linear semi-infinite media, as shown in Fig. 1. The waveguide configuration has distinctive features: (i) due to the confinement of the nonlinearity, the emitted nonlinear wave is generally a solitary wave rather than a soliton and (ii) it can control the emitted power of the solitary wave and the hysteresis of the optical bistability by varying the thickness of the nonlinear thin film.","PeriodicalId":262564,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Guided Waves and Their Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129446787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Proper Dispersion Tailoring in Semiconductors as Prerequisite for Soliton Formation","authors":"U. Peschel, T. Peschel, F. Lederer","doi":"10.1364/nlgw.1995.nfb4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlgw.1995.nfb4","url":null,"abstract":"Bright solitons to exist in materials with a focusing nonlinearity require an anomalous dispersion (GVD < 0). This condition can be met in fused silica fibers beyond the zero-dispersion wavelength. Unfortunately, semiconductors that are fairly attractive for all-optical elements because of their large off-resonant nonlinearities (below half the band gap) exhibit a huge normal GVD (D≈1000ps2/km) thus prohibiting the formation of bright solitons. Hence, there is a great deal of interest to identify smart device concepts that allow for the overcompensation of the wrong material dispersion. Such concepts could be used to avoid the experimentally observed pulse break up in nonlinear AlGaAs directional couplers by using temporal solitons [1]. Moreover, spatio-temporal objects (light bullets) [2] could be studied because the required interplay of diffraction, anomalous dispersion and focusing nonlinearity would occur in properly designed planar waveguide structures. Because the device length of semiconductor waveguides is limited to about 2\" the anomalous dispersion should exceed some thousands of ps2/km for pulse lengths of some hundred fs.","PeriodicalId":262564,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Guided Waves and Their Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129482069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Characterising the inclusion of a fibre Bragg grating in a nonlinear optical loop mirror","authors":"J. Hemingway, A. Steele","doi":"10.1364/nlgw.1996.sad.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlgw.1996.sad.3","url":null,"abstract":"The self-switching capabilities of the nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM)1 fibre configuration have become an integral part of many all-optical signal processing applications2. In its operation as a single-wavelength device the switching is achieved by inducing unequal nonlinear phases in the two counterpropagating pulses in the fibre loop. The phase difference seen with recombination at the coupler results in reflection or transmission from the device, dependant upon the input intensity. A number of approaches have been suggested to achieve the required break in loop symmetry1,3-5, one of which reported experimentally 5, uses a fibre Bragg grating (FBG) spliced into the loop. The single-wavelength operation of this device was shown to provide wavelength discrimination in its switching characteristics.","PeriodicalId":262564,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Guided Waves and Their Applications","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129842544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modulational Instabilities in Fibres with Periodic Dispersion","authors":"N. J. Smith, N. Doran","doi":"10.1364/nlgw.1996.sad.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlgw.1996.sad.6","url":null,"abstract":"It is widely recognised that nonlinear optical phenomena are of crucial importance when understanding the operation of long haul optical communication systems[1]. The Kerr effect (power dependent refractive index) leads to the exchange of energy between the different frequencies present in the fibre, a process known as four wave mixing. These interactions may be between the different channels of a wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) system, between the different frequency components of a single channel, or between a signal and a.s.e. noise introduced by optical amplifiers.","PeriodicalId":262564,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Guided Waves and Their Applications","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129892550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Role of nonlinear dispersion on the dynamics of modulational instability in Kerr media","authors":"C. de Angelis, G. Nalesso, M. Santagiustina","doi":"10.1364/nlgw.1995.nfa1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlgw.1995.nfa1","url":null,"abstract":"Modulational instability (MI) refers to the growth of weak modulations of a plane wave in dispersive (or diffractive) nonlinear media. The interest for MI in optics, stems from its possible applications in optical communication and signal processing systems. For example, in optical fibers, ultrafast pulse generation [1] and all-optical switching [2] have already been proposed and exploited.","PeriodicalId":262564,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Guided Waves and Their Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128287456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Nonlinear Antiresonant GaP/AIP Multilayer Waveguide for Efficient, Surface-Emitted Optical Mixing","authors":"H. Dai, R. Normandin, A. Delâge","doi":"10.1364/nlgw.1995.nthc4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/nlgw.1995.nthc4","url":null,"abstract":"Surface-emitting nonlinear waveguide devices, based on coherent sum-frequency (SF) mixing of two counter-propagating guided waves, have attracted increasing interest for their potential applications in future high throughput all-optical fiber communication networks. Several authors have recently reported success with the proof-of-concept demonstrations of passive and laser-integrated nonlinear waveguide devices as wavelength sensors for frequency control of DFB lasers.[1], parametric spectrometers for DWDM demultiplexing [2] and serial-to-parallel-convertors for 100Gb/s TDM demultiplexing [3]. From the view point of practical systems implementation, one key parameter for these devices is the overall SF conversion efficiency because it ultimately dictates the signal-to-noise ratio and bit error rate (BER). For devices using quasi-phase-matched (QPM) AlGaAs multilayers structure, the efficiency is further affected by two somewhat related factors: the absorption of the SF light by the waveguide materials and the coupling efficiency of the input signal. Since the band gap of GaAs is smaller than the SF light photon energy for the wavelength that we are interested in, strong absorption occurs as the SF light propagating towards the waveguide surface. On the other hand, for thin guides, large mismatchs between waveguide thickness and fiber core size results large coupling losses. In order to improve the optical coupling, we have recently demonstrated a device employing a nonlinear antiresonant reflecting optical waveguide (NARROW) geometry [4]. The NARROW structure allows large coupling efficiency with fibers by providing a thick guiding core with high modal discrimination. We have obtained coupling efficiency of ~15% from a 8-μm core diameter fiber to a 2.6 μm thick NARROW device. Further improvement in coupling efficiency, however, is limited by the SF light absorption of the thick nonlinear layers.","PeriodicalId":262564,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Guided Waves and Their Applications","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129535099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}