Xun Li, Pablo J. Ortiz, Jeffrey Browne, Diana Franklin, J. Oliver, R. Geyer, Yuanyuan Zhou, F. Chong
{"title":"A case for smartphone reuse to augment elementary school education","authors":"Xun Li, Pablo J. Ortiz, Jeffrey Browne, Diana Franklin, J. Oliver, R. Geyer, Yuanyuan Zhou, F. Chong","doi":"10.1109/GREENCOMP.2010.5598279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GREENCOMP.2010.5598279","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid growth of information technology has led to substantial economic and societal benefits. Unfortunately, rapid improvements in technology has also led to an unsustainable “disposable” model in which devices are replaced in a matter of months. This model is especially problematic in the cell phone area, where over a billion phones are manufactured per year.","PeriodicalId":262148,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Green Computing","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133449892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Rahman, Sheikh Iqbal Ahamed, Md. Endadul Hoque, Casey O'Brien, Hemmg Zhang, Lin Liu
{"title":"UCFC - Ubiquitous personal Carbon Footprint Calculation Platform","authors":"F. Rahman, Sheikh Iqbal Ahamed, Md. Endadul Hoque, Casey O'Brien, Hemmg Zhang, Lin Liu","doi":"10.1109/GREENCOMP.2010.5598286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GREENCOMP.2010.5598286","url":null,"abstract":"Recent attention to carbon dioxide emissions is turning to an individual's contribution, which we name as “personal carbon footprint.” One step towards solving this issue is to have smart software/calculator that can figure out individual carbon footprint. Such calculators have become more widespread on the internet. However even with similar inputs these calculators can generate varying results, often by as much as several metric tons per annum per individual activity. Overall the calculators lack consistency. Although carbon calculators can promote public awareness on the reduction of carbon emission due to individual's activities, calculators proposed so far cannot determine carbon footprint based on the dynamic behavior of the user or the environment. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a Ubiquitous Carbon Footprint Calculation Platform that is customizable and adaptable. Based on the platform, we developed a Ubiquitous Carbon Footprint Calculator application (UCFC) that allows the user to be aware of their personal carbon footprint based on their ubiquitous activity and act accordingly. The major contribution of this paper is the presentation of the quantitative model of the platform along with the entire design and implementation of UCFC system. We also present the results, analysis, and findings of an extensive survey, that have been conducted to find out users' awareness regarding increased carbon footprint, feature requirements, users' expectation and desire to alleviate CO2 emission by using a footprint calculator. The design of UCFC system incorporates the analysis and inference of the survey results.","PeriodicalId":262148,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Green Computing","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133354470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kien Le, R. Bianchini, Thu D. Nguyen, Ozlem Bilgir, M. Martonosi
{"title":"Capping the brown energy consumption of Internet services at low cost","authors":"Kien Le, R. Bianchini, Thu D. Nguyen, Ozlem Bilgir, M. Martonosi","doi":"10.1109/GREENCOMP.2010.5598305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GREENCOMP.2010.5598305","url":null,"abstract":"The large amount of energy consumed by Internet services represents significant and fast-growing financial and environmental costs. Increasingly, services are exploring dynamic methods to minimize energy costs while respecting their service-level agreements (SLAs). Furthermore, it will soon be important for these services to manage their usage of “brown energy” (produced via carbon-intensive means) relative to renewable or “green” energy. This paper introduces a general, optimization-based framework for enabling multi-data-center services to manage their brown energy consumption and leverage green energy, while respecting their SLAs and minimizing energy costs. Based on the framework, we propose a policy for request distribution across the data centers. Our policy can be used to abide by caps on brown energy consumption, such as those that might arise from Kyoto-style carbon limits, from corporate pledges on carbon-neutrality, or from limits imposed on services to encourage brown energy conservation. We evaluate our framework and policy extensively through simulations and real experiments. Our results show how our policy allows a service to trade off consumption and cost. For example, using our policy, the service can reduce brown energy consumption by 24% for only a 10% increase in cost, while still abiding by SLAs.","PeriodicalId":262148,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Green Computing","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134412569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Task allocation for minimum system power in a homogenous multi-core processor","authors":"Yang Ge, Qinru Qiu","doi":"10.1109/GREENCOMP.2010.5598299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GREENCOMP.2010.5598299","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we address the impact of task allocation to the system power consumption of a homogenous multi-core processor with a main focus on its impact on the leakage power and fan power. Although the leakage power is determined by the average die temperature and the fan power is determined by the peak temperature, our analysis shows that the overall power can be minimized if a task allocation with minimum peak temperature is adopted together with an intelligent fan speed adjustment technique that finds the optimal tradeoff between fan power and leakage power. We further propose a multi-agent distributed task migration technique that searches for the best task allocation during runtime. By choosing only those migration requests that will result chip maximum temperature reduction, the proposed framework achieves large fan power savings as well as overall power reduction. Experimental results show that, our agent-based distributed task migration policy can save up to 37.2% fan power and 17.9% system overall power compared to the random mapping policy when the temperature constraint is tight. When the temperature constraint is loose, the overall system power is insensitive to the task allocation.","PeriodicalId":262148,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Green Computing","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121414136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"BitTorrent on mobile phones - energy efficiency of a distributed proxy solution","authors":"I. Kelényi, Akos Ludanyi, J. Nurminen","doi":"10.1109/GREENCOMP.2010.5598282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GREENCOMP.2010.5598282","url":null,"abstract":"Using proxy servers to cache and shape network traffic can significantly improve the energy efficiency of the participating clients. Introducing a proxy-based solution has a dual implication to the energy consumption. First, how much battery can we save in the mobile device? Second, how do proxies influence the electricity consumption on the infrastructure side? In this paper our focus is on file-sharing. We use the BitTorrent protocol on the proxy servers to download and push content to mobile devices in an energy efficient way. In addition to the obvious solution where a single proxy is hosted on a central server, we study cases where consumers host a distributed proxy on several home computing devices such as routers and desktop computers.","PeriodicalId":262148,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Green Computing","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129297903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IV ClintonWillsSmullen, Joel Coffman, S. Gurumurthi
{"title":"Accelerating enterprise solid-state disks with non-volatile merge caching","authors":"IV ClintonWillsSmullen, Joel Coffman, S. Gurumurthi","doi":"10.1109/GREENCOMP.2010.5598310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GREENCOMP.2010.5598310","url":null,"abstract":"Flash memory is now widely used in the design of solid-state disks (SSDs) as they are able to sustain significantly higher I/O rates than even high-performance hard disks, while using significantly less power. These characteristics make SSDs especially attractive for use in enterprise storage systems, and it is predicted that the use of SSDs will save 58,000 MWh/year by 2013. However, Flash-based SSDs are unable to reach peak performance on common enterprise data patterns such as log-file and metadata updates due to slow write speeds (an order-of-magnitude slower than reads) and the inability to do in-place updates. In this paper, we utilize an auxiliary, byte-addressable, non-volatile memory to design a general purpose merge cache that significantly improves write performance. We also utilize simple read policies that further improve the performance of the SSD without adding significant overhead. Together, these policies reduce the average response time by more than 75%, making it possible to meet performance requirements with fewer drives.","PeriodicalId":262148,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Green Computing","volume":"57 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132938361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Younge, G. Laszewski, Lizhe Wang, Sonia Lopez-Alarcon, Warren R. Carithers
{"title":"Efficient resource management for Cloud computing environments","authors":"A. Younge, G. Laszewski, Lizhe Wang, Sonia Lopez-Alarcon, Warren R. Carithers","doi":"10.1109/GREENCOMP.2010.5598294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GREENCOMP.2010.5598294","url":null,"abstract":"The notion of Cloud computing has not only reshaped the field of distributed systems but also fundamentally changed how businesses utilize computing today. While Cloud computing provides many advanced features, it still has some shortcomings such as the relatively high operating cost for both public and private Clouds. The area of Green computing is also becoming increasingly important in a world with limited energy resources and an ever-rising demand for more computational power. In this paper a new framework is presented that provides efficient green enhancements within a scalable Cloud computing architecture. Using power-aware scheduling techniques, variable resource management, live migration, and a minimal virtual machine design, overall system efficiency will be vastly improved in a data center based Cloud with minimal performance overhead.","PeriodicalId":262148,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Green Computing","volume":"69 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113978491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}