New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research最新文献

{"title":"Species-level identification of Acinetobacter by 16s rRNA sequencing: Necessity today, essentiality tomorrow","authors":"T. Bajpai, G. Bhatambare, M. Varma, M. Pandey","doi":"10.4103/2250-9658.197438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2250-9658.197438","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: When common organisms present with uncommon phenotypes, reliance on phenotype can compromise accurate identification. The use of 16s rRNA gene sequences to study bacterial phylogeny, and taxonomy has been the most common housekeeping genetic marker. The aim of our study was to identify \"difficult\" and notorious uropathogen such as Acinetobacter through multiple identification methods. Materials and Methods: The present prospective study was conducted for the period of 6 months in the year 2015 in the Department of Microbiology of a Teaching Tertiary Care Hospital. A total of 345 clean catch, midstream urine samples obtained from patients suspected of urinary tract infection were subjected to microscopy and culture. Uropathogens isolated from the culture-positive samples were identified to species level through conventional, automated, and molecular methods. Results: A total of 123 uropathogens were isolated from 118 culture-positive samples. Among them, 81.3% isolates were Gram-negative bacteria, 14.6% were Gram-positive bacteria, and 23.5% were Candida species. Four (3.2%) Acinetobacter isolates were detected among which three were confirmed as Acinetobacter baumannii, whereas one of them was confirmed as Acinetobacter junii by different methods of identification. Conclusion: Identification by gene sequencing is more objective, reliable, reproducible, and accurate and has the capability of defining taxonomical relations among bacteria.","PeriodicalId":261902,"journal":{"name":"New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133936871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome in a neonate following prolong labor","authors":"Zarak Khan, Haider Ghazanfar, H. Khan","doi":"10.4103/2250-9658.197442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2250-9658.197442","url":null,"abstract":"Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) encompasses a spectrum of superficial blistering skin disorders caused by the exfoliative toxins (ETs) of some strains of Staphylococcus aureus. In this case report, we present a case of SSSS in an 8-day-old neonate. Furthermore, we tried to highlight the importance of early diagnosis by history and physical examination and isolation of the infected neonates because of the risk of spread of infection to other neonates in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.","PeriodicalId":261902,"journal":{"name":"New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124140119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence of hospital-based screen-detected prostate cancer in Abuja, Nigeria","authors":"O. Aisuodionoe-Shadrach, O. Oluwole, EchebiriF Magnus, Amaka P Ehighibe","doi":"10.4103/2250-9658.197437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2250-9658.197437","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of screen-detected prostate cancer (CaP) in a University Hospital in Abuja. Methodology: This is a retrospective review of all patients seen with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and or enlargement of the prostate who were screened for CaP over a 4-year period from January 2010 to December 2013. Data retrieved from the medical records of these patients were collated using a pro forma and analyzed with SPSS software Version 20. Results: The records of 103 patients were utilized for this study. The average age was 65.9 ± 9.0 years. Of this number, 99 had LUTS at presentation, while 4 had no LUTS. Digital rectal examination findings revealed a clinical suspicion of malignancy in 84.5% (n = 87) and features of benign enlargement in the remainder. Serum prostate-specific antigen was <4 ng/ml in 3.8% (n = 4), 4-10 ng/ml in 9.7% (n = 10), and >10 ng/ml in 85.4% (n = 88). Histology revealed adenocarcinoma in 50% of the patients (n = 38) with 71% (n = 27) being moderately and 29% (n = 11) being poorly differentiated. The incidence of screen-detected CaP in this series was 38.7%. Conclusions: The incidence of screen-detected CaP may be higher than it is actually reported in this part of the world. The place of opportunistic screening for the well informed may not reflect the high cancer burden. Most patients presented late in the advanced stage of the disease with moderately to poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma being the most common histological type.","PeriodicalId":261902,"journal":{"name":"New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125494726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cavernous hemangioma of the uterine cervix: A rare finding at colposcopy","authors":"O. Oluwole, O. Onafowokan, G. Akaba","doi":"10.4103/2250-9658.187183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2250-9658.187183","url":null,"abstract":"Cavernous hemangiomas of the uterine cervix are quite rare. They are benign tumors that may cause gynecological or obstetrical complications. Although they can be found at all levels of the uterine wall, including the serosa, myometrium, and endometrium, there have been few cases reported from the uterine cervix. We report the case of a 22-year-old female with incidental finding of cavernous hemangioma of the uterine cervix following histopathological examination of tissues from a loop electrosurgical excision procedure during colposcopy.","PeriodicalId":261902,"journal":{"name":"New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121809026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gingival fibromatosis with unknown etiology: An unusual clinical case presentation","authors":"M. Khan, A. Tripathi, S. Gupta, Deepti Chandra","doi":"10.4103/2250-9658.187182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2250-9658.187182","url":null,"abstract":"Gingival fibromatosis is a heterogeneous group of enlargement characterized by progressive increase in gingival connective tissue elements. Most of the cases are iatrogenic, and some are inherited or idiopathic. Here, we present an unusual clinical presentation of nonsyndromic idiopathic gingival fibromatosis with unknown etiology in a 20-year-old female. The diagnosis was made based on history, clinical examination, radiographic findings, and histopathology.","PeriodicalId":261902,"journal":{"name":"New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114630563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intramuscular lipoma associated with frontalis muscle: A rare case report","authors":"A. Tripathi, Priyanka, M. Khan, C. Saimbi","doi":"10.4103/2250-9658.187184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2250-9658.187184","url":null,"abstract":"Lipomas are the most common benign neoplasm of mesenchymal origin, composed of adipose tissue, which comprises almost 50% of all the soft tissue neoplasm. Lipomas can occur at any age and more frequently located on chest, arm, the trunk, shoulder, and thigh but rarely found on head and neck region. Lipomas are most frequently encountered in the subcutaneous tissues but very rarely may be intermuscular or intramuscular. This case report presents an unusual case of lipoma associated with frontalis muscle in a 65-year-old male patient.","PeriodicalId":261902,"journal":{"name":"New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129600862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunohistochemical evaluation and biological role of stromal myofibroblasts in odontogenic keratocyst, dentigerous cyst, and ameloblastoma: A comparative study","authors":"Swati Roy, S. Hemavathy, V. Garg","doi":"10.4103/2250-9658.187181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2250-9658.187181","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Stromal myofibroblasts (MFs) are key cells for connective tissue remodeling and interact with epithelial cells and other connective tissue cells to control phenomena as tumor invasion and angiogenesis thereby contributing to their biological behavior. Aims: The study assesses the frequency of stromal MF in solid ameloblastoma (SA), odontogenic keratocyst (OKC), and dentigerous cyst (DC) and relates it to their biological behavior. Settings and Design: Ten cases of each lesion were taken and stained immunohistochemically for alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) which is a marker for stromal MF. Materials and Methods: Ten cases each of SA, OKC, and DC were included in the study. Cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC, n = 5) served as the baseline for comparison as they are aggressive lesions expressing increased number of stromal MFs. The frequency of MFs was assessed as the number of α-SMA-positive stromal cells in 10 high-power fields and presented as the mean number of positive cells per field. Statistical Analysis Used: Differences in the mean number of α-SMA-positive cell per field among SA, OKC, DC, and SCC were analyzed using one-way ANOVA test. Results: Counts showed that mean number of α-SMA-positive MFs in SA, OKC, and DC were 24.56 (±4.63), 21.37 (±4.17), and 8.03 (±2.15), respectively. Results showed that the mean number of stromal MFs in SA and OKC was significantly higher than that in DC (8.03 ± 2.15) (P < 0.05). The count of MFs in SA and OKC was not significantly different from that of SCC (25.06 ± 4.61) (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Activated MF participates in the matrix degradation process which is considered to be one of the main forces in tumor growth and invasion. Among odontogenic lesions, ameloblastoma and OKC (presently termed as keratocystic odontogenic tumor) are well known for their higher growth and recurrence potential. They tend to show burrowing growth pattern. Various studies have evaluated the epithelial factors responsible for their growth potential; we in our study have tried to relate the emergence of stromal MF to the biological behavior of these lesions. The frequency of stromal MF in OKC and ameloblastoma was almost similar to that in SCC, thereby implying that MF can contribute to the biological behavior of these odontogenic lesions.","PeriodicalId":261902,"journal":{"name":"New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"221 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116155708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A simple and affordable method to view conventional intraoral periapical radiograph when X-ray viewer is unavailable","authors":"V. Shanbhag","doi":"10.4103/2250-9658.187191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2250-9658.187191","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":261902,"journal":{"name":"New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133615179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotics and its insinuation in oral health","authors":"A. Patel, B. P. Advaita, B. Patel","doi":"10.4103/2250-9658.187180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2250-9658.187180","url":null,"abstract":"For some years now, bacteria known as probiotics have been added to various foods because of their beneficial effects in human health. Probiotics are microorganisms, principally bacteria, which confer health benefits beyond basic nutrition when ingested. Probiotics have been studied for their health-promoting effects. The mechanism of action of probiotics is related to their ability to compete with pathogenic microorganisms for adhesion sites, to antagonize these pathogens or to modulate the host′s immune response. The main field of research has been always focused on the gastrointestinal tract. However, recently, probiotics have also been investigated from an oral health perspective, and their use has shown promising results with respect to control of chronic conditions such as dental caries, periodontitis, halitosis and candidal infections, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and in voice prosthesis. The potential application of probiotics for oral health has recently attracted the attention of researchers. Although only a few clinical studies have been conducted so far. This article summarizes the current status of using probiotics and its insinuation in oral health.","PeriodicalId":261902,"journal":{"name":"New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126157840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative evaluation of the role of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging and orthopantomography (OPG) in sinus augmentation procedures: An original study","authors":"S. Rao, S. Mehta, A. Nayyar","doi":"10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_8_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_8_17","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Radiology and higher imaging modalities have their own advantages and disadvantages. The present study was designed to do a comparative analysis of the role of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and orthopantomography (OPG) for preoperative planning and postoperative evaluation of treatment outcomes in implant therapy in combination with sinus augmentation procedures. Materials and Methods: Pre- and postoperative assessment of maxillary sinuses was done in 17 patients who underwent implant therapy in combination with sinus augmentation procedures using CBCT and OPG. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS statistics 20 (Chicago, USA). Paired and unpaired t-tests were used to do a comparative analysis of the two modalities used. Results: There was a concordance between the treatment type based on pre- and postoperative CBCT assessments. The assessment of sinus morphology revealed a significantly higher detection rate of aberrations in the form of sinus mucosal hypertrophy and septa on CBCT which were imperceptible on orthopantomographs undermining the role of routine radiography in these procedures. The results obtained, also, revealed that vertical alveolar bone height could be measured more precisely with CBCT. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the above study, it could be concluded that CBCT increased the accuracy of both the sinus morphology assessment and the estimation of gain in vertical alveolar bone height, in addition to bone density, which remains unassessed by the conventional radiological techniques including OPG.","PeriodicalId":261902,"journal":{"name":"New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127802610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}