Staphylococcus aureus [Working Title]最新文献

Staphylococcus aureus and the Veterinary Medicine 金黄色葡萄球菌与兽医

Staphylococcus aureus [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-10-23 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.100202

M. Farhab, Muhammad Tahir Aleem, Shakseema Shaukat, Ayesha Qadry, Muhammad Zeeshan Ul Haq, F. Ullah, Muhammad Jawad, Amjad Islam Aqib

引用次数: 2

Progression of β-Lactam Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus 金黄色葡萄球菌β-内酰胺耐药的进展

Staphylococcus aureus [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-10-18 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.100622

Antresh Kumar, M. Kaushal

{"title":"Progression of β-Lactam Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus","authors":"Antresh Kumar, M. Kaushal","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.100622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.100622","url":null,"abstract":"Staphylococcus aureus is a notorious human pathogen that causes superficial and invasive infections both in nosocomial and community-acquired settings. The prevalence of staphylococcal infections became more challenging after emerging resistance against topical antibiotics. S. aureus evolved resistance to β-lactam antibiotics due to modification and expression of penicillin-binding proteins (PBP), inactivation of drug by β-lactamase synthesis, limiting uptake of drug by biofilm formation, and reducing uptake by expression of efflux pump. The wave of resistance was first observed in penicillin by β-lactamase production and PBPs modification. The second wave of resistance emerged to methicillin by appearing methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains. Cephalosporin has long been used as the last resort for preventing MRSA infections, but resistant strains appeared during treatment. In progression to control MRSA or related infections, carbapenems have been used but strains developed resistance. S. aureus is among the high-priority resistance organisms that need renewed efforts for the research and development of new antibiotics and innovative preventive approaches. However, a lot of toiling is involved in devising an effective treatment against drug resistant S. aureus. This chapter aim is to retrospectively determine the progression of resistance in S. aureus, against different β-lactam antibiotics and their challenges of medication.","PeriodicalId":260041,"journal":{"name":"Staphylococcus aureus [Working Title]","volume":"754 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132652440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Genetic Diversity in Staphylococcus aureus and Its Relation to Biofilm Production 金黄色葡萄球菌的遗传多样性及其与生物膜生成的关系

Staphylococcus aureus [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-10-05 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.99967

Furqan Awan, Muhammad Muddassir Ali, Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq, M. Ijaz

{"title":"Genetic Diversity in Staphylococcus aureus and Its Relation to Biofilm Production","authors":"Furqan Awan, Muhammad Muddassir Ali, Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq, M. Ijaz","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.99967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99967","url":null,"abstract":"Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) has been a substantial economic problem due to its antibiotic resistance, persistence inside host and recurrence of disease. It escapes from immunity because of its intra-cellular growth. Moreover, it forms biofilm on both living and in-animate surfaces that leads to recurrent infections and growth in food industry, respectively. Further, S. aureus undergoes the vertical and horizontal evolution that has genetically diversified the bacterial population. All the factors such as point mutations, plasmids, phages etc. have played their roles in diversifying this bacterium. Many bacterial physiological characteristics have been affected by genetic diversity. Biofilm forming ability is also considered as a variable characteristic of S. aureus that can help the bacteria to survive in different environments with different levels of biofilm production. In adapting the environment, S. aureus also forms different types of biofilm for its better survival. How genetic diversity is playing its role in this division of S. aureus is yet to be revealed. This chapter focuses on the factors related to genetic diversity and biofilm formation of S. aureus.","PeriodicalId":260041,"journal":{"name":"Staphylococcus aureus [Working Title]","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115381975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Mechanistic Insights of Drug Resistance in Staphylococcus Aureus with Special Reference to Newer Antibiotics 金黄色葡萄球菌耐药机制的研究与新抗生素的研究

Staphylococcus aureus [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-09-15 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.100045

Atamjit Singh, Kirandeep Kaur, P. Mohana, Avneet Kaur, K. Kaur, Shilpa Heer, Saroj Arora, Neena Bedi, P. Bedi

引用次数: 1

Staphylococcus aureus and Virulence-Related Small RNA 金黄色葡萄球菌及其毒力相关小RNA

Staphylococcus aureus [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-06-24 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.98520

Rudra Mishra, Bhama Mishra Awdhesh Kumar Mishra, Nalini Easwaran, K. Gothandam

{"title":"Staphylococcus aureus and Virulence-Related Small RNA","authors":"Rudra Mishra, Bhama Mishra Awdhesh Kumar Mishra, Nalini Easwaran, K. Gothandam","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.98520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98520","url":null,"abstract":"Staphylococcus aureus causes a wide range of diseases, including both community-associated and hospital-acquired infections such as abscesses, wound infections, osteomyelitis, endocarditis and septicemia. Regulation of the expression of various virulence factors is initiated through complex coordination between two-component systems, transcriptional regulatory proteins and regulatory small RNAs (sRNAs). S.aureus uses many sRNA and RNA–RNA interactions mediated the regulation of the expression of genes post-transcriptionally, but it uses few sigma factors to initiate the transcription function. sRNA transcripts are encoded within intergenic regions or in antisense orientation to mRNA transcripts, and sRNA regulation plays a central role in the response to stress stimuli encountered by pathogens during infection. One of the most intriguing examples of sRNA-mediated post-transcriptional regulation is RNAIII from S.aureus, which interacts with and regulates various RNA targets involved in virulence. Several genes known to be regulated by RNAIII have been demonstrated to be regulated by the sarA locus, independent of its effect on the expression of RNAIII. We discuss the potential role of small RNA (sRNA) in the pathogenesis and virulence factors production of Staphylococcus aureus.","PeriodicalId":260041,"journal":{"name":"Staphylococcus aureus [Working Title]","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131051468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Staphylococcus aureus and Dairy Udder 金黄色葡萄球菌和乳突

Staphylococcus aureus [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-02-17 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.95864

A. I. Aqib, M. Ijaz, M. Shoaib, I. Muzammil, H. I. Hussain, Tean Zaheer, R. Ahmed, Iqra Sarwar, Y. Khan, M. Naseer

{"title":"Staphylococcus aureus and Dairy Udder","authors":"A. I. Aqib, M. Ijaz, M. Shoaib, I. Muzammil, H. I. Hussain, Tean Zaheer, R. Ahmed, Iqra Sarwar, Y. Khan, M. Naseer","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.95864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.95864","url":null,"abstract":"Staphylococcus aureus is a major causative agent of intra-mammary infections in dairy animals with potential virulence of surface components, toxins, and extracellular enzymes. About 74% quarter prevalence of S. aureus in bovine udder with overall prevalence exceeding 61% in dairy animals. About 17 different serotypes of dairy originated S. aureus have been reported with 24 virulence coding genes for leukocidins (lukED/lukM), pyrogenic toxin super antigen (PTSAg), haemolysins (hla-hlg), toxic-shock syndrome toxin (tst), enterotoxins (sea-seo, seu), exfoliative toxins (eta, etb), and genes for methicillin (mecA) and penicillin (blaZ) resistance. Attainment of refuge inside the macrophages and neutrophils is a major cause of S. aureus mastitis persistence. Mammary prebiotics and probiotics are recently being used as alternatives to antibiotic for the prevention of mastitis. Literature showed anti- staphylococcus vaccines with different results depending upon types of immunization, route of administration and adjuvant used. Studies has shown that herd specific as well as commercial S. aureus vaccines reduce new infections in dairy animals. Experiments are still in progress for the use of vaccines against S. aureus mastitis with optimal efficacy and reliability. Perhaps, there might be bright future because of highly satisfactory trial results of mastitis vaccines in the lab animals.","PeriodicalId":260041,"journal":{"name":"Staphylococcus aureus [Working Title]","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126881411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Extracellular Vesicles and Their Role in Staphylococcus aureus Resistance and Virulence 细胞外囊泡及其在金黄色葡萄球菌耐药性和毒力中的作用

Staphylococcus aureus [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-02-16 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.96023

B. Luz, V. Azevedo, Y. Le-loir, É. Guédon

引用次数: 2

Bacterial Skin Abscess 细菌性皮肤脓肿

Staphylococcus aureus [Working Title] Pub Date : 2020-04-10 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.91657

M. Radhi, Fatima Malik Abood AL-Rubea, N. Hindi, R. AL-Jubori

{"title":"Bacterial Skin Abscess","authors":"M. Radhi, Fatima Malik Abood AL-Rubea, N. Hindi, R. AL-Jubori","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.91657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91657","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with skin and soft tissue infections may appear with the abscess. Erroneous diagnosis of these entities is common, and should carefully consider the possible alternative diagnoses. Risk for developing skin abscess factors includes disruption of the skin barrier, edema, venous insufficiency, and immune suppression. However, healthy individuals who have no risk factors may also develop these diseases. The most common microbiologic cause of abscess, a commonly group Streptococcus or Streptococcus pyogenes; Staphylococcus aureus (including methicillin-resistant strains) is a notable but less common cause. The most common microbiologic cause of skin abscess is S. aureus; a skin abscess can be caused by more than one pathogen. The diagnosis is based on skin abscess usually on the clinical manifestations. It must be subject to patients with disposable abscess incision and drainage, with a test of culture and susceptibility of materials wet. There is no justification for the blood of patients in the cultures of the abovementioned circumstances. It can be a useful radiographic examination to determine whether the skin abscess is present (via ultrasound) to distinguish cellulitis from osteomyelitis (via magnetic resonance imaging). There may be a justification for radiological assessment in patients with immune suppression, diabetes, venous insufficiency, or lymphedema in patients with persistent symptoms of systemic lymphatic obstruction.","PeriodicalId":260041,"journal":{"name":"Staphylococcus aureus [Working Title]","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128321241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2