Urban and Maritime Transport XXVII最新文献

{"title":"IDENTIFICATION OF CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES OF THE TRANSPORT MASTER PLAN IMPLEMENTATION IN THE CITY OF KIGALI-RWANDA","authors":"D. Nkurunziza, R. Tafahomi, Irumva AUGUSTIN FARAJA","doi":"10.2495/ut210181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/ut210181","url":null,"abstract":"The city of Kigali aspires to be a center of urban excellence in Africa. This has been demonstrated by its inclusiveness and openness toward reviewing the master plan to address actual challenges and opportunities presented by new developments. There have been two major editions of the Kigali Master Plan: one in 2013 and another in 2020. Transportation planning being a major subset of overall urban planning, this research intends to identify various challenges and opportunities presented by both revisions. This research has also explored road network planning issues. Both editions of the master plan coupled with the 2012 Strategic Transport Master Plan have been thoroughly reviewed. A factor of future proofing has driven the comparative analysis, considering major transitions that are taking place globally, including climate change and present-day shift towards sustainable transportation. The study has classified opportunities and challenges into five categories. Technical and economic challenges are most prominent. For instance, the lack of customized and standardized guidelines for traffic engineering and road design specific for Rwanda, and limited funding for infrastructure projects are key challenges. The social aspect presents an almost equal share of challenges and opportunities. Some key advantages include the abundance of local labour and popularity of public transport. The unwillingness to relocate in case of expropriation, and failure to consider daily living standards of citizens pose a major disadvantage, however. On the side, political and environmental aspects of implementing the master plan, presented relatively more opportunities than challenges. Fast and forward, the Government has set high standards of green transport policies that are interwoven by other policy aspects in urban planning. The topographic landscape of the City of Kigali presents a major multi-aspectual disadvantage, however.","PeriodicalId":259696,"journal":{"name":"Urban and Maritime Transport XXVII","volume":"08 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123982062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ADVANTAGE OF A GREEN AND SMART PORT OF THE FUTURE","authors":"Joao Pita Costa, Ignacio Lacalle, M. Llorente, Olivier Le Brun, Leonidas Ptsikas, Gilda DE MARCO, C. Garnier, Erwan Simon, Alexandru Gherghina, Orestis Tsolakis, Dejan Štepec, Sergio Vivo, Rafael Vaño, S. Pilicic, T. Milošević, M. Siroka, Fabrice Klein, Stefano Bevilacqua, Tamara Corsano, Cinzia Ninzatti, Athanasios Chaldeakis, Grigoris Dimitriadis, L. Traven, F. Fuart, C. Palau","doi":"10.2495/ut210171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/ut210171","url":null,"abstract":"The digitalization is undeniably arriving to the port industry. However, modern digital technologies had not pervaded before in the sector because of, mainly, ports’ complexity and heterogeneity as wide ecosystems. When it comes to applying innovative digital tools in maritime ports, a series of additional common barriers are usually faced: (i) unavailability of clear reference in open-source based technologies, (ii) closed-environments and high pricing rates of private providers, (iii) restricting regulations inside and outside the ports preventing port authorities to deploy useful products and (iv) high heterogeneity of objectives, data or perspectives to carry out focused accountable actions. The PIXEL project has helped ports of all sizes to overcome those barriers during the last three years. Throughout a variety of domains of action – including clean energy, environmental performance, smart intermodal transport or machine learning-based maritime data analytics, PIXEL has addressed those hindrances, driving four European ports towards the Port of The Future stand. The different open applications developed form an ecosystem that may be adopted by external ports aiming at improving their digitalisation levels and their operational and environmental performance. For the 2021 edition, we are presenting the suite of tools deployed in the ports in the context of the action, their success stories and best practices, and how they can be leveraged by worldwide maritime transport entities in the future. It is our objective to provide a comprehensive review of their functioning, technical traits and particularities and how they are planned to be exploited by the Consortium. The PIXEL team truly believes that this will mean a milestone in the operational research field for the ports sector. Finally, we aim at offering a perspective on the usage of modern technologies in maritime ports based on the experience and lessons learned in the conduction of PIXEL project and the interaction with other initiatives in the period 2018–2021.","PeriodicalId":259696,"journal":{"name":"Urban and Maritime Transport XXVII","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125248427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LACK OF STRATEGIC INTERVENTION IN THE REGULATION OF THE MINIBUS TAXI INDUSTRY IN SOUTH AFRICA","authors":"Siyabulela CHRISTOPHER FOBOSI","doi":"10.2495/ut210151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/ut210151","url":null,"abstract":"The minibus taxi industry was founded by the black community and continues to mainly serve this community. The industry expanded within the framework of the policy of deregulation of the apartheid government. After twenty-six years of democracy, South Africa is still haunted by an informal and unregulated minibus taxi industry. The regulation of the industry has been sought over the years without success. While the state subjects the industry to social control through the entry regulation and route allocation, the state is characterised by a pattern of strategic selectivity (in relation to public transport plans) which shows that institutions (departments) privilege some actors over others. Government practices strategic selectivity by privileging the formalised public transport – buses and trains – over the informal minibus taxi industry. The state has failed to regulate the industry due to a lack of engagement with different actors in the industry. Against this background, this article examines the failed regulation of the industry by the state. It was only through the 2020 National Taxi Lekgotla (a national meeting for the minibus taxi industry) during the October Transport Month that government successfully engaged with the taxi industry, albeit without the participation of the National Taxi Alliance. Using qualitative research methods, the author interviewed research participants to investigate the context of precariousness in South Africa’s minibus taxi industry. The author discovered that while the industry is characterised by precarious practices resulting from the employers, these practices are also due to the lack of strategic intervention in the industry as displayed by the state. The author performed a thematic analysis of all the interviews conducted.","PeriodicalId":259696,"journal":{"name":"Urban and Maritime Transport XXVII","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125426511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CHANGES IN THE STRUCTURE OF URBAN MOBILITY WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT","authors":"A. Fadyushin","doi":"10.2495/ut210231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/ut210231","url":null,"abstract":"The Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation has announced the possibility of introducing free fare public transport in cities by 2035 and charging car owners for using highways. The experience of other European cities shows that with introduction of free fare public transport, the share of public transport trips increases insignificantly, while the number of trips by individual transport, bicycle and on foot decreases. The paper examines the impact of public transport fare on the transport demand structure. The structure of transport demand is determined using simulation modeling on a transport macro-model of a large city with population of 800,000 people that does not have off-street transport. The paper proposes a criterion for determining generalized costs of travel by different transport systems, which converts monetary costs into time fares. Using the proposed criterion, it is possible to determine the cost of travel by different transport systems (individual transport, taxi, CarSharing, public transport, cycling and walking).","PeriodicalId":259696,"journal":{"name":"Urban and Maritime Transport XXVII","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129463297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TOWARDS A BETTER ECOLOGY OF URBAN MOBILITY: THE CASE OF THE CITY OF CONSTANTINE, ALGERIA","authors":"Kelilba Mounira, Chaib Rachid","doi":"10.2495/ut210121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/ut210121","url":null,"abstract":"With the expansion of the city of Constantine in Algeria, a major problem is the issue of daily mobility and its coverage by transportation networks. Many inhabitants of the suburbs, for whom commuting is required, make long and costly daily journeys to work or to run errands. In this paper, we focus on the improvement and modernisation of urban transportation in this city. This work aims to facilitate and qualify people’s urban mobility by helping them travel under the best possible conditions from point A or “origin”, to point B or “destination”. This study is intended primarily for urban transport users in Constantine. The technique we envisioned was a questionnaire carried out via the Google Forms service, processed using data processing software and analysed according to prioritisation series. To represent this data and facilitate reading and analysis, we used tables and cross-tabulations. This allowed us to have a clear picture of the problems raised by users. Thus, it is possible to propose the right ideas in terms of the optimal tasks for the operators and the right travel conditions for the users, or even to find common relationships between the organisations and their environment.","PeriodicalId":259696,"journal":{"name":"Urban and Maritime Transport XXVII","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125982770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CASE STUDIES OF SUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY PLANS AND MEASURES IMPLEMENTED IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE SUMPORT PROJECT","authors":"M. Miltiadou, C. Taxiltaris, G. Mintsis, S. Basbas, Antonia Tsoukala, Anastasios Fylaktakis","doi":"10.2495/ut210211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/ut210211","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to present the outcomes and the experience gained through the elaboration of a transnational cooperation project SUMPORT (Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans – SUMPs – in MED-port cities, which comprised elaboration of sustainable mobility plans and pilot or permanent implementation of mobility measures in six (6) Mediterranean cities with ports. Based on a joint methodology for implementation, monitoring, and evaluation, and adjusted to the type of action (planning, implementation), three sustainable mobility plans (SMPs) have been developed (one as urban plan, the second as regional – integrated with the city’s SUMP – and the third as a micro-SMP within a port – integrated with the city’s SUMP as well). In addition, different types of measures, which had been planned in pre-existing SUMPs have been implemented, targeted to the improvement of active mobility (bike lanes, bike-sharing systems), enhancement of intelligent transportation systems for public transport and parking management, testing of car-pooling potential for workers at ports, and simulation of a new maritime public transport service for decongestion of coastal roads traffic. This paper presents the results of the planning exercises and implemented measures and highlights the lessons learnt from their deployment in different environments/contexts, which have been used for transferring this experience to other Mediterranean cities.","PeriodicalId":259696,"journal":{"name":"Urban and Maritime Transport XXVII","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130118659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MEASURING TRANSIT-ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT LEVELS: A METHODOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK TO INCORPORATE THE USER INTO MODELLING","authors":"S. Ibrahim, H. Ayad, D. Saadallah","doi":"10.2495/ut210131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/ut210131","url":null,"abstract":"Worldwide, many cities have embraced the concept of transit-oriented development (TOD), as it is one of the most prominent approaches to land use and public transport integration. It is believed that measuring the existing TOD levels – ‘TOD-ness’ – of an area quantitatively is critical for TOD planning. However, a literature review reveals that spatial studies and quantitative methods that measure TOD-ness comprehensively are still limited and fragmented. Furthermore, recent research has opened the door to further investigation of methods and model development, which could bridge the gap between planning decisions and practical application. Due to the multidimensional aspects of the transport decision process and the involvement of many stakeholders, often with different points of view, the process has become more complex. Unfortunately, most of the spatial studies reviewed did not express the outcomes in terms of the impact on users, which can often prevent the realization of TOD implementation. To fill these knowledge gaps, this paper aims to suggest an integrated methodological framework that measures TOD-ness (including all stakeholders’ perceptions) and also considers the users’ opinions within their local context. The method developed extends from an existing framework commonly used by researchers, drawn from reviewing relevant studies published between 2000 and 2020. This paper reviews the studies in relation to TOD-ness measurement from a ‘methodological focus’, in which an overview of the dominant methods used is presented, in addition to their pros and cons. First, the paper introduces a theoretical review of the background of the concept, its evolution and the methods employed. An analytical review of the selected literature from different databases is then conducted. Finally, it is expected that the outcomes of the research will present the best-adopted methods and provide a developed model that measures TOD-ness quantitatively.","PeriodicalId":259696,"journal":{"name":"Urban and Maritime Transport XXVII","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131017316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW URBAN LINE WITH INNOVATIVE TRAMS","authors":"Fabio Borghett, Cristian GIOVANNI COLOMBO, M. Longo, Renato Mazzoncini, C. Somaschini","doi":"10.2495/ut210141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/ut210141","url":null,"abstract":"The trend of the population increase combined with the global climate change and the rising energy prices make sustainable mobility a big issue for urban communities. Since in urban areas it is in act a process of infrastructure development, the modernization of Light Rail Vehicle (LRV), whose final purpose is to intensify the urban transport network in an environmentally friendly way (reduction of visual and noise pollution), will be chased too. This paper is focused on a study developed in the North of Italy (Brescia) and its target is to plan a new tramline without catenary to reduce the urban and architectural impact of infrastructure. In this way, it is possible to reduce the environmental impact especially in specific areas of an urban centre. The work analyses the use of the batteries and the main parameters to size the storage system technology in order to supply the tram correctly whenever it crosses the catenary free section.","PeriodicalId":259696,"journal":{"name":"Urban and Maritime Transport XXVII","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133122320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FROM BALLAST WATER TO HARMFUL AIR EMISSIONS: HOW TO REDUCE THE IMPACT OF SHIPPING ON THE POLLUTION OF THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT – A REVIEW","authors":"M. Covic, Bruna Bacalja, M. Krčum, Gorana Jelić Mrc̓elić","doi":"10.2495/ut210091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/ut210091","url":null,"abstract":"Due to increasing concerns regarding the adverse effects of the maritime industry on the marine environment, there is a growing number of environmental studies. This paper aims to provide an overview of marine pollution caused by shipping, which includes different pollutants from harmful air emissions to noise pollution, potential threats to environmentally sensitive or protected areas and to the whole marine environment. Descriptive research method is used to determine challenges on environmental pollution subject, with aim to contribute to the minimization of pollution. Paper presents how, while in recent years social responsibility awareness has grown stronger among shipping companies and while states have developed and implemented strategies and regulatory reforms that establish principles to prevent pollution, there is much space left for improvement. Technologies must further be researched, as there are long-term benefits of further pollution reduction.","PeriodicalId":259696,"journal":{"name":"Urban and Maritime Transport XXVII","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128824787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CYCLING CULTURE: FROM USERS’ PERCEPTIONS TO PLANNING POLICIES","authors":"Maria Grazia Bellizzi, L. Eboli, Carmen Forciniti","doi":"10.2495/ut210191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/ut210191","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The current levels of air pollution and the noticeable consequences of climate change are at the heart of many social movements today. In this contest, a much faster transition towards more sustainable urban transport and land use patterns is needed. Planning policies should take more seriously actions that direct users’ behavior from the use of private car to a mobility based on cycling, walking, and public transport. However, if on the one hand several case studies show how in some countries the cycling culture is really entrenched, on the other hand some contexts need more effective transport policies. In this work, the case study is represented by a little urban area of the southern Italy where about 120,000 inhabitants live. The mild climate and the flat region of this area have motivated our research. This work has the aim to understand why in an urban context, with characteristics that are suitable for the use of the bike, the cycling culture is missing. Furthermore, by analyzing users’ perceptions on the existing infrastructures, we want to give a contribution to identify the right policies for promoting and managing cycling mobility. Data collected by a face-to-face survey have been used for our purposes. Four cycle paths with different characteristics are object of this study. More specifically, interviewed users were asked to provide their perceptions concerning several aspects and elements that they experienced while cycling. From the proposed analysis, it is possible to conclude that the improvement of the existent bike network could promote bike use. In addition, the results could be useful to identify convenient policies for encouraging people behavior to cycling culture.","PeriodicalId":259696,"journal":{"name":"Urban and Maritime Transport XXVII","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129619917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}