Moustafa S Abusaif, Ahmed Ragab, Eman A Fayed, Yousry A Ammar, Ayah M H Gowifel, Soha Osama Hassanin, Ghada E Ahmed, Nirvana A Gohar
{"title":"Exploring a novel thiazole derivatives hybrid with fluorinated-indenoquinoxaline as dual inhibitors targeting VEGFR2/AKT and apoptosis inducers against hepatocellular carcinoma with docking simulation.","authors":"Moustafa S Abusaif, Ahmed Ragab, Eman A Fayed, Yousry A Ammar, Ayah M H Gowifel, Soha Osama Hassanin, Ghada E Ahmed, Nirvana A Gohar","doi":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.108023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.108023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks as the third most prevalent reason for cancer-related death on a global scale. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) continue to be the primary treatment option for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. A series of fluoro-11H-indeno[1,2-b]quinoxaline derivatives as an HCC drug targeting the VEGFR2/AKT axis was designed and synthesized. The novel compounds were investigated against HepG-2 and HuH-7 liver tumor cell lines. Compound 5 was the most active derivative against HepG-2 and HuH-7 cell lines with IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.75 ± 0.04 and 3.43 ± 0.16 μM, respectively, in contrast to Sorafenib which shows IC<sub>50</sub> values of 5.23 ± 0.31 and 4.58 ± 0.21 μM, respectively. IC<sub>50</sub> values on normal liver cells (THLE-2) show that all tests are more selective than Sorafenib, prompting further research. The most promising cytotoxic compound has virtually equal VEGFR2 inhibition efficacy to Sorafenib. The total VEGFR2 and p-VEGFR2 inhibitory effects were subsequently evaluated, showing 38.32 % and 77.64 % attenuation, respectively. Compound 5 also reduced total and phosphorylated AKT concentrations in HepG-2 cells by 55.29 % and 78.01 %, respectively. Furthermore, Compound 5 upregulated BAX and caspase-3 and downregulated Bcl-2 to promote apoptosis. Hybrid 5 stops HepG-2's cell cycle at the S phase 48.02 % higher than untreated. Docking experiments assessed AKT and VEGFR2 binding patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":257,"journal":{"name":"Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"154 ","pages":"108023"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142790542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bioorganic ChemistryPub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107907
Emilija Milović, Ivana Z Matić, Nina Petrović, Ivana Pašić, Tatjana Stanojković, Miloš R Petrović, Goran A Bogdanović, Ferda Ari, Nenad Janković
{"title":"Chlorine containing tetrahydropyrimidines: Synthesis, characterization, anticancer activity and mechanism of action.","authors":"Emilija Milović, Ivana Z Matić, Nina Petrović, Ivana Pašić, Tatjana Stanojković, Miloš R Petrović, Goran A Bogdanović, Ferda Ari, Nenad Janković","doi":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107907","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107907","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the presented research was to explore anticancer potential of eleven newly synthesized tetrahydropyrimidine derivatives. The compounds were synthesized via Biginelli multicomponent one-pot reaction using different derivatives of vanillin, ethyl 4-chloroacetoacetate and (N-methyl)urea. The cytotoxic effects of the compounds were examined on three human malignant cell lines (HeLa, K562, and MCF7), and normal lung fibroblasts MRC-5. The mechanisms of anticancer activity were examined for two compounds 4a and 4b which showed the strongest and selective cytotoxicity against chronic myelogenous leukaemia K562 cells (IC<sub>50</sub> = 1.76 ± 0.09, and 1.66 ± 0.05, respectively). The changes of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) were investigated in the K562 cell line, as well as oncomiRNA miR-10b, miR-23a described to have both features, depending on a specific type of malignancy, and miR-34a with mostly described as a tumour suppressor.</p>","PeriodicalId":257,"journal":{"name":"Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"153 ","pages":"107907"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142566668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bioorganic ChemistryPub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107920
Ashwini K Nangia
{"title":"Molecular tweaking by generative cheminformatics and ligand-protein structures for rational drug discovery.","authors":"Ashwini K Nangia","doi":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107920","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107920","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this review is two-fold: (1) to summarize artificial intelligence and machine learning approaches and document the role of ligand-protein structures in directing drug discovery; (2) to present examples of drugs from the recent literature (past decade) of case studies where such strategies have been applied to accelerate the discovery pipeline. Compared to 50 years ago when drug discovery was largely a synthetic chemist driven research exercise, today a holistic approach needs to be adopted with seamless integration between synthetic and medicinal chemistry, supramolecular complexes, computations, artificial intelligence, machine learning, structural biology, chemical biology, diffraction analytical tools, drugs databases, and pharmacology. The urgency for an integrated and collaborative platform to accelerate drug discovery in an academic setting is emphasized.</p>","PeriodicalId":257,"journal":{"name":"Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"153 ","pages":"107920"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142566742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bioorganic ChemistryPub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-11-10DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107949
Haitao Zhu, Houcong Li, Yuxin Ji, Min Hou, Qingling Yang, Lili Liang, Wenge Li
{"title":"In vitro and in vivo studies of a decanuclear Ni(II) complex as a potential anti-breast cancer agent.","authors":"Haitao Zhu, Houcong Li, Yuxin Ji, Min Hou, Qingling Yang, Lili Liang, Wenge Li","doi":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107949","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A non-platinum-metal decanuclear complex [Ni<sub>10</sub>L<sub>4</sub>(CH<sub>3</sub>COO)<sub>8</sub> (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>OH)<sub>8</sub>]·8(C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>OH) (Ni<sub>10</sub> complex) has been developed with a tri-dentate 2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde-2-aminophenol Schiff base ligand (H<sub>3</sub>L). Single crystal X-ray analysis reveals that the Ni<sub>10</sub> complex displays a sandwich loaf-shaped decanuclear structure and its anticancer activity was evaluated. The cell cytotoxicity results indicating that the Ni<sub>10</sub> complex is most effective to human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 and its mechanism were further investigated. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the Ni<sub>10</sub> complex triggered cell cycle arrest and induced apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells. Western blot analysis of the changes of intracellular protein expression showed that Ni<sub>10</sub> triggers MDA-MB-231 apoptosis through mitochondrial mediated apoptosis signaling pathways. In vivo experiments showed that the Ni<sub>10</sub> complex significantly suppressed breast tumor growth with low toxicity against major organs in a nude mice model. The good treatment effect, low toxicity and pharmacological mechanisms of the decanuclear Ni<sup>II</sup> complex may provide a clue for the research and development of non-platinum multinuclear based chemotherapeutic drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":257,"journal":{"name":"Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"153 ","pages":"107949"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bioorganic ChemistryPub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107880
Edyta Łukowska-Chojnacka, Egor Fedorov, Anna Kowalkowska, Monika Wielechowska, Anna Sobiepanek, Mirosława Koronkiewicz, Patrycja Wińska
{"title":"Synthesis and evaluation of anticancer activity of new 4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-1H-benzimidazole derivatives.","authors":"Edyta Łukowska-Chojnacka, Egor Fedorov, Anna Kowalkowska, Monika Wielechowska, Anna Sobiepanek, Mirosława Koronkiewicz, Patrycja Wińska","doi":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107880","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An efficient method for the synthesis of new 4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-1H-benzimidazole derivatives has been developed. New ketones were obtained by N-alkylation of TBBi or 2-Me-TBBi with various phenacyl halides and then reduced to the corresponding alcohols. All compounds were obtained with satisfactory yields in the range of 40-91 %. The synthesized compounds appeared a weak CK2 and PIM-1 inhibitors but exhibit an interesting cytotoxic activity against cancer cell lines, i.e. MCF-7, PC-3, CCRF-CEM, K-562. 1-Phenyl-2-(4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl)ethanone 3aA exhibits the highest cytotoxic activity with IC<sub>50</sub> value of 5.30 µM for MCF-7 and 6.80 µM for CCRF-CEM. Moreover, this compound shows the highest selectivity against both MCF-7 and CCRF-CEM with SI selectivity coefficients (against MRC-5 and Vero cells) equal 5.45 and 4.30 for MCF-7 and 4.25 and 3.35 for CCRF-CEM, respectively. Furthermore, it was shown that compound 3aA exhibits very good pro-apoptotic properties, through induction of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in CCRF-CEM cells. These results correlate with data showing the effect of 3aA on intracellular level of CK2α protein and CK2-mediated phosphorylation of Ser529 in NF-κBp65. Study of the effect of compound 3aA on mRNA levels of CK2α and CK2α' showed no significant differences in gene expression levels in control CCRF-CEM and cells treated with 3aA, indicating 3aA action at the protein level.</p>","PeriodicalId":257,"journal":{"name":"Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"153 ","pages":"107880"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142542471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bioorganic ChemistryPub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-11-02DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107929
Kai Ran, Yong Li, Yi-Mei Zhang, Dian-Yong Tang, Zhong-Zhu Chen, Zhi-Gang Xu, Li Zhang, Bo-Chu Wang, Jiu-Hong Huang
{"title":"Discovery and optimization of novel 4-morpholinothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivatives as potent BET inhibitors for cancer therapy.","authors":"Kai Ran, Yong Li, Yi-Mei Zhang, Dian-Yong Tang, Zhong-Zhu Chen, Zhi-Gang Xu, Li Zhang, Bo-Chu Wang, Jiu-Hong Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107929","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The identification of structurally novel and potently active BET inhibitors represents a significant advancement in the field of anticancer therapeutics. In the present investigation, leveraging the outcomes of previous screening endeavors, we successfully optimized and synthesized a novel series of bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) inhibitors with a 4-morpholinothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine structure. Among the synthesized compounds, compound 6c emerged as a promising candidate, exhibiting exceptional inhibitory activities against various BET isoform proteins, with IC<sub>50</sub> values ranging from 3.3 to 42.0 nM. In cellular assays, compound 6c demonstrated robust antiproliferative effects in SU-DHL-4 cells, achieving an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 8.6 ± 3.3 nM. Further mechanistic studies revealed that compound 6c effectively decreased the expression of c-Myc, a critical oncogenic driver regulated by the BET protein, and induced cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase, as well as cell apoptosis, in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, in-silico prediction of the physiochemical and pharmacokinetic properties clarified that compound 6c has acceptable drug-like profiles. Taken these findings together, compound 6c represents a novel and potent BET inhibitor, thus positioning it as a promising candidate for subsequent pre-clinical evaluations in the realm of cancer therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":257,"journal":{"name":"Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"153 ","pages":"107929"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142602196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bioorganic ChemistryPub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-11-22DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107983
Guangyong Chen, Meiling Xu, Zhuo Chen, Fuwei Yang
{"title":"Clinical applications of small-molecule GABA<sub>A</sub>R modulators for neurological disorders.","authors":"Guangyong Chen, Meiling Xu, Zhuo Chen, Fuwei Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107983","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor (GABA<sub>A</sub>R) modulators are crucial in treating neurological and psychiatric disorders, including epilepsy, anxiety, insomnia, and depression. This review examines the synthetic approaches and clinical applications of representative small-molecule GABA<sub>A</sub>R modulators. Benzodiazepines, such as Diazepam, are well-known positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) that enhance GABA<sub>A</sub>R function, providing therapeutic effects but also associated with side effects like sedation and dependence. Non-benzodiazepine modulators, including Z-drugs like Zolpidem and Zaleplon, offer improved selectivity for the α1 subunit of GABA<sub>A</sub>R, reducing some of these side effects. Neurosteroids such as allopregnanolone and its synthetic analogs, including Brexanolone, have emerged as potent GABA<sub>A</sub>R modulators with applications in conditions like postpartum depression and refractory epilepsy. Advances in molecular biology and pharmacology have facilitated the development of isoform-specific modulators, potentially reducing off-target effects and enhancing therapeutic profiles. Additionally, combining GABA<sub>A</sub>R modulators with other therapeutic agents has shown promise in enhancing efficacy and minimizing side effects. This review highlights the design strategies, pharmacodynamics, clinical efficacy, and safety profiles of these compounds, emphasizing the opportunities for developing novel GABA<sub>A</sub>R modulators with improved therapeutic outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":257,"journal":{"name":"Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"153 ","pages":"107983"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142708819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tyrosine modifications of insulin-degrading enzyme enable favorable control of substrate specificity for both Alzheimer's disease and type-2 diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Yusuke Hatakawa, Yuki Takeuchi, Seon Hwa Lee, Tomoyuki Oe","doi":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107916","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107916","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) cleaves amyloid beta (Aβ), insulin, and other bioactive peptides. Because Aβ and insulin are closely related to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), respectively, IDE is a candidate drug target for treating both AD and T2DM. However, the activity of IDE has opposing effects, including decreasing AD risk by degrading Aβ and increasing T2DM risk by degrading insulin. The opposed substrate specificity is associated with the exo- and active sites containing Tyr<sup>314</sup> and Tyr<sup>831</sup> residues, the plausible modification targets for controlling substrate specificity. In this study, we used a tyrosine-specific modification regent, Cookson reagent (4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione, PTAD), for IDE and examined the degradation activities on Aβ<sub>40</sub> and insulin. Fifteen tyrosine residues, including Tyr<sup>314</sup> and Tyr<sup>831</sup>, were modified by PTAD. After incubation with PTAD-modified IDE for 3 days, insulin remained intact, whereas Aβ<sub>40</sub> was completely degraded. This favorable change of substrate specificity was also observed in the mixture of Aβ<sub>40</sub> and insulin, suggesting that tyrosine modification of IDE might be a therapeutic strategy for AD and T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":257,"journal":{"name":"Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"153 ","pages":"107916"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142556567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bioorganic ChemistryPub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107891
Eram Fatima, Yashveer Gautam, Barsha Thapa, Ranjana Das, Amrita Singh, Laxmikant Trivedi, Palak Singh, Kavita Singh, Divya Bhatt, Prema G Vasudev, Atul Gupta, Debabrata Chanda, Dnyaneshwar U Bawankule, Karuna Shanker, Feroz Khan, Arvind S Negi
{"title":"5H-benzo[c]fluorene derivative exhibits antiproliferative activity via microtubule destabilization.","authors":"Eram Fatima, Yashveer Gautam, Barsha Thapa, Ranjana Das, Amrita Singh, Laxmikant Trivedi, Palak Singh, Kavita Singh, Divya Bhatt, Prema G Vasudev, Atul Gupta, Debabrata Chanda, Dnyaneshwar U Bawankule, Karuna Shanker, Feroz Khan, Arvind S Negi","doi":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107891","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107891","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Present study aimed at a single component cyclization of 2-benzylidene-1-tetralones for the preparation of 5H-benzo[c]fluorenes and their antiproliferative activity. This ring closure reaction underwent via reductive cyclization in the presence of a sodium borohydride-aluminium chloride system. Ten diverse 5H-benzo[c]fluorene derivatives were prepared and evaluated for antiproliferative activity against three human cancer cell lines by SRB assay. Four of these benzofluorenes exhibited significant antiproliferative effect with an IC<sub>50</sub> < 10.75 µM. The best representative compound 21, exhibited IC<sub>50</sub> against K562 leukemic cells at 3.27 µM in SRB assay and 7.68 µM in Soft agar colony assay. It exhibited a microtubule destabilization effect in tubulin kinetics and inhibited 82.9 % microtubule polymer mass at 10 µM concentration in Protein Sedimentation assay (Microtubule). Compound 21 exerted G0/G1 phase arrest in cell division cycle analysis in K562 cells. It also induced apoptosis in K562 cells via activation of Caspase cascade pathway. Furthermore, compound 21 also possessed anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting TNF-α and IL-6 moderately. It exhibited significant in vivo efficacy and reduced K562 tumour in xenograft mice by 47 % at an 80 mg/kg oral dose. Further, it was found to be safe and well tolerable up to 1000 mg/kg in Swiss albino mice. Compound 21 needs to be optimized for better in vivo efficacy in rodent models for further development.</p>","PeriodicalId":257,"journal":{"name":"Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"153 ","pages":"107891"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unravelling the role of natural and synthetic products as DNA topoisomerase inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Qing Ren, Guoming Chen, Qi Wan, Liangman Xiao, Zhitong Zhang, Yibin Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107860","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107860","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Topoisomerase is a ubiquitous enzyme in the control of DNA chain topology. There have been extensive research on topoisomerase inhibitors derived from natural sources, which act as partial inducers of tumor cell apoptosis. However, their specific efficacy in treating hepatocellular carcinoma is relatively unexplored. Hence, this comprehensive review focuses on the structural characteristics and anti-cancer properties of topoisomerase inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma. Furthermore, this review is also elucidating the mechanism of action, structure-activity relationships, therapeutic limitations, stage of clinical trials of described classes of natural bioactive compounds as well as their potential application in cancer chemotherapies. This broad understanding of topoisomerase medical biology will provide indispensable framework for enhancing the efficiency of rational anti-hepatocellular carcinoma drug discovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":257,"journal":{"name":"Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"153 ","pages":"107860"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}