Recent advance in macrolactams: Structure, bioactivity, and biosynthesis

IF 4.5 2区医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Bioorganic Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI:10.1016/j.bioorg.2025.108406

Jiawei Qiu , Ruochang Qin , Shuai Zhi , Liwei Liu

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Abstract

Macrolactams have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their diverse structures and remarkable biological activities. Despite the increasing number of new members being reported, a systematic discussion of recent advancements in this family is still lacking, particularly in areas such as structure-activity relationship and newly identified biosynthetic pathways that deviate from the traditional collinear rule. To address this gap, we compiled 105 macrolactams reported between 2004 and 2023, produced by microbial strains isolated from diverse environments, including marine sediments, soil, plants, and animals. This review not only highlights the sources, structures, and biological activities of these macrolactams but also delves into 17 known biosynthetic pathways. We provide an in-depth analysis of the associated biosynthetic gene clusters, the mechanisms of key enzymes, and their roles in the biosynthesis process. By offering these insights, this review serves as a valuable reference for the discovery of novel macrolactams and their sustainable production using synthetic biology approaches in the future.

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近年来，大内酰胺因其多样的结构和显著的生物活性而备受关注。尽管报道的新成员越来越多，但仍缺乏对该家族最新进展的系统讨论，特别是在结构-活性关系和新发现的偏离传统共线规则的生物合成途径等领域。为了填补这一空白，我们汇编了 2004 年至 2023 年间报道的 105 种大环内酯类化合物，它们是由从海洋沉积物、土壤、植物和动物等不同环境中分离出来的微生物菌株产生的。这篇综述不仅强调了这些大内酰胺的来源、结构和生物活性，还深入探讨了 17 种已知的生物合成途径。我们深入分析了相关的生物合成基因簇、关键酶的机制及其在生物合成过程中的作用。通过提供这些见解，本综述可作为今后利用合成生物学方法发现新型大内酰胺及其可持续生产的宝贵参考资料。

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来源期刊

Bioorganic Chemistry 生物-生化与分子生物学

CiteScore

9.70

自引率

3.90%

发文量

679

审稿时长

31 days

期刊介绍： Bioorganic Chemistry publishes research that addresses biological questions at the molecular level, using organic chemistry and principles of physical organic chemistry. The scope of the journal covers a range of topics at the organic chemistry-biology interface, including: enzyme catalysis, biotransformation and enzyme inhibition; nucleic acids chemistry; medicinal chemistry; natural product chemistry, natural product synthesis and natural product biosynthesis; antimicrobial agents; lipid and peptide chemistry; biophysical chemistry; biological probes; bio-orthogonal chemistry and biomimetic chemistry. For manuscripts dealing with synthetic bioactive compounds, the Journal requires that the molecular target of the compounds described must be known, and must be demonstrated experimentally in the manuscript. For studies involving natural products, if the molecular target is unknown, some data beyond simple cell-based toxicity studies to provide insight into the mechanism of action is required. Studies supported by molecular docking are welcome, but must be supported by experimental data. The Journal does not consider manuscripts that are purely theoretical or computational in nature. The Journal publishes regular articles, short communications and reviews. Reviews are normally invited by Editors or Editorial Board members. Authors of unsolicited reviews should first contact an Editor or Editorial Board member to determine whether the proposed article is within the scope of the Journal.