Bioorganic Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Discovery of 3-[(5-nitro-2-heteroaryl)methylene]-2-indolinone derivatives as highly potent antileishmanial agents and their bioactivation by NTR1 and 2.","authors":"Seyyed Hasan Shariatmadari, Marta Lopes Lima, Rachel Milne, Susan Wyllie, Latifeh Navidpour","doi":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2026.110391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2026.110391","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A novel series of 2-indolinone derivatives bearing a nitroheteroarylmethylene moiety, including nitroimidazole, nitrofuran, and nitrothiophene at their 3-position, were synthesized as potential antileishmanial agents. The in vitro antileishmanial activity and cytotoxicity of these analogues were assessed using L.donovani axenic amastigotes and L6 cell lines, respectively. All compounds except 16k and 18c exhibited promising activity, with IC₅₀ values in the submicromolar range; however, only the nitroimidazole analogues achieved notable selectivity indices (SI). 5-Chloro-3-[(1-methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methylene]-2-indolinone (16c) was the most potent compound, demonstrating impressive antileishmanial activity with an IC₅₀ value of 2.5 nM and an SI of 1760, relative to the reference drug miltefosine (IC₅₀ = 1252.3 nM). Further studies on the nitroimidazole analogues against intracellular amastigotes of L.donovani revealed promising activity for most compounds, with IC₅₀ values ranging from 1.5 to 29.5 μM and high SIs (5.8-42.9), relative to miltefosine (IC₅₀ = 3.9 μM, SI = 34.2). Subsequently, the bioactivation of the compounds by nitroreductases (NTR1 and NTR2) was studied. They were predominantly bioactivated by NTR1, producing DNA-damaging active amine metabolites. Owing to their high antileishmanial activity and selectivity indices, these compounds merit further investigation as potent agents against leishmaniasis, a critical health issue among the tropical diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":257,"journal":{"name":"Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"181 ","pages":"110391"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148786357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural cyclic depsipeptides and their analogs as potential antimicrobial candidates: mechanistic insight.","authors":"Gautam Kumar, Kritika Engle","doi":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2026.110343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2026.110343","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites cause serious infections in humans. The misuse of antimicrobial treatments in humans, animals, and agriculture has led to the development of resistant pathogens that can survive and multiply even in the presence of antibiotics. The rise of antibiotic-resistant pathogens has caused significant loss of life and impacted social and economic conditions. Antimicrobial peptides exert antibacterial activity through multiple modes of action. Cyclic peptides are known for greater stability and bioavailability than linear peptides. Among them, cyclic depsipeptides represent a distinct subclass characterized by the presence of an ester bond in addition to peptide bonds. Because of the distinct molecular structure of cyclic depsipeptides, particularly their amino acid components, they demonstrate robust antimicrobial efficacy. Cyclic depsipeptides demonstrate antimicrobial efficacy by targeting various components of the cell wall, including lipid II, menaquinone, lipopolysaccharides, and the DNA polymerase β sliding clamp, as well as by inhibiting biofilm formation and quorum sensing. Additionally, it demonstrated a lower likelihood of resistance development, emphasizing its ability to fight multidrug-resistant pathogens. Given these promising findings, cyclic depsipeptides offer a promising molecular framework for addressing a range of human infections, particularly in an era of increasing antibiotic resistance. This review summarises the recently identified cyclic depsipeptide-based antimicrobial candidates for the treatment of bacterial, fungal, and parasitic infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":257,"journal":{"name":"Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"181 ","pages":"110343"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148704925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances in synthetic strategies of fourth-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors under clinical trials for the treatment of resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).","authors":"Vaibhav M Kadam, Harun M Patel","doi":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2026.110353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2026.110353","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present review summarizes recent advances in the synthetic strategies and biological profiles of fourth-generation EGFR-TK inhibitors currently undergoing clinical investigation for resistant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) to overcome the C797S mutation associated with Osimertinib. Representative clinical candidates, including TQB-3804, BPI-361175, BLU-945, BBT-176, BDTX-1535, QLH11811, HS-10375, and H002, are discussed with particular emphasis on synthetic route design, key intermediates, medicinal chemistry optimization, and pharmacological activity. The reported synthetic methodologies prominently involve transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, nucleophilic aromatic substitution, reductive amination, heterocycle construction, and late-stage functionalization strategies for the efficient assembly of structurally complex EGFR inhibitors. Several of these compounds demonstrated remarkable potency against resistant EGFR mutant variants together with improved mutant selectivity and reduced off-target toxicity. In addition, advances in scaffold design, phosphine oxide incorporation, and conformationally optimized heterocyclic frameworks have contributed significantly to the development of next-generation mutant-selective inhibitors. Overall, this review provides a contemporary overview of synthetic innovations in fourth-generation EGFR inhibitor development and highlights emerging strategies for overcoming resistance-associated EGFR mutations in advanced NSCLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":257,"journal":{"name":"Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"181 ","pages":"110353"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148766382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rationally designed indole-Thiosemicarbazides as potent Ergosterol-targeting antifungal agents against Candida spp.","authors":"Vidyasagar, Shabnam Kumari, Ritu Raj Patel, Anshuman Chandra, Harish Shukla, Ragini Tilak, Sudhir Kumar Singh, Meenakshi Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2026.110409","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2026.110409","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing antifungal resistance in Candida species highlights the critical need for new medications with unique mechanisms and antibiofilm properties. In this study, indole-thiosemicarbazide compounds were designed, synthesized, and evaluated against both sensitive and resistant strains of Candida. Compounds 3b, 3d, and 3i were most potent and among them, 3d and 3i showed strong activity against C. albicans, with MICs of 2.44 μg/mL, similar to fluconazole's 2.0 μg/mL. Compound 3b had broad-spectrum activity with MICs of 4.88 μg/mL against C. albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. auris. These compounds also exhibited activity against resistant strains. Biofilm assays showed 3d inhibited ∼90% of C. albicans and 83% of C. tropicalis biofilms, and reduced resistant C. tropicalis biofilms by 60%. Compound 3b exhibited broad antibiofilm activity, achieving 77-84% inhibition across species; 3i was most effective (∼92%) against sensitive C. albicans but less effective against resistant strains. Mechanistic experiments using qRT-PCR demonstrated significant downregulation of ERG11, a key gene in the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway in cell wall formation. ERG11 transcripts decreased by roughly 70%, 84%, and 90% compared with controls in 3b, 3d, and 3i, with 3i's effect comparable to fluconazole. X-ray analysis confirmed the molecular structure. Docking and molecular dynamics demonstrated stable binding for 3b, 3d, and 3i, with the greatest stable free energy for 3i at ΔG = -51.20 kcal/mol. The combined antifungal, antibiofilm, mechanistic, structural, and computational findings identify compound 3d as the most promising, highlighting indole-thiosemicarbazides as a valuable scaffold for ergosterol-targeted antifungals effective against drug-sensitive and resistant Candida.</p>","PeriodicalId":257,"journal":{"name":"Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"181 ","pages":"110409"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148786400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guanidine hydrochloride catalyzed alternative synthesis of xanthenediones with broad spectrum quorum quenching activity.","authors":"Lalitprabha N Salgaonkar, Linus J Coelho, Rose Fernandes, Hari K Kadam, Vinod K Mandrekar, Milind Naik, Vishnu Chari","doi":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2026.110365","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2026.110365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Xanthenediones are fused oxygen heterocycles with diverse biological properties. We herein report an efficient method for preparation of xanthenediones using aldehydes and diones with guanidine hydrochloride. This methodology demonstrated tolerance to diverse substitution on reactants giving products in good yields. In the present investigation, Thirty one xanthenedione derivatives were synthesised including eight new derivatives and screened for their potential to inhibit violacein and prodigiosin pigments synthesis in bioreporter bacteria Chromobacterium violaceum and Serratia marcescens respectively regulated by QS systems (CviI/R, and smaI/R). Four xanthenedione derivatives (4, 5, 30, 31) showed very promising Quorum quenching (QQ) activity by inhibiting QS regulated pigments (violacein and prodigiosin) production. When tested against clinical isolate Pseudomonas aeruginosa, xanthenedione derivatives showed significant reduction in biofilm formation, swarming motility, Pyocyanin and Rhamnolipid production controlled by Las and Pqs QS systems in dose dependent manner. Moreover, molecular docking studies supported our results with good binding affinity of -7.24, -7.83, -7.38 and - 7.6 kcal/mol respectively to protein 4JVC (multiple virulence factor regulator MvfR/PqsR of Pqs QS system) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The present investigation highlights potential of xanthenediones to disrupt multiple QS systems (CviI/R, smaI/R, LasI/R and Pqs) and its suitability as drug to control MDR bacterial infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":257,"journal":{"name":"Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"181 ","pages":"110365"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148786421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discovery of Aspxanthones A-I with SIRT1 agonist activity from Aspergillus sp. TJ507.","authors":"Xueqi Lan, Dongchun Liang, Li Tang, Ming Chen, Dechao Meng, Xinye Huang, Ya Gao, Changxing Qi, Yonghui Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2026.110380","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2026.110380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nine previously undescribed prenylated xanthones, aspxanthones A-I (1-9), were isolated and characterized from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. TJ507. Their structures were established through comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and DP4+ probability analysis. Compounds 1, 2, and 4 exhibited modest in vitro SIRT1 activating effects, with EC₅₀ values ranging from 9.3 to 13.7 μM. The positive control resveratrol yielded an EC₅₀ of 2.4 ± 0.4 μM under identical assay conditions. Molecular docking was conducted with resveratrol as a reference ligand, which revealed obvious differences in binding modes between resveratrol and the tested xanthones. To further clarify their dynamic binding behaviors, molecular dynamics simulations, free-energy landscape analysis, and MM/GBSA calculations were carried out on these active compounds. Among them, compound 4 displayed the most stable simulated binding profile and the most favorable estimated binding free energy among the three complexes, broadly consistent with the experimental activity ranking. In contrast, compound 2 exhibited higher conformational flexibility throughout the simulation, indicating a distinct binding mode. This study expands the chemical diversity of fungal-derived xanthones and provides valuable templates for the design and development of potential SIRT1 activators.</p>","PeriodicalId":257,"journal":{"name":"Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"181 ","pages":"110380"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148786432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design, one-pot synthesis, and structural characterization of novel 2-ureido-6-nitrobenzamide derivatives as MTDLs targeting HDAC8/epigenetic-kinase networks.","authors":"Mahmoud Farouk, Salsabil Mahmoud, Ahamad Imran, Sama Mahmoud","doi":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2026.110384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2026.110384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Modulating intersecting pathological pathways via multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs) is an active frontier in drug discovery. Herein, we report the design, one-pot synthesis, and characterization of a novel series of functionalized 2-ureido-6-nitrobenzamide derivatives 4-8 in 72-82% yields. Sequential nitration and imidization of phthalic anhydride 1, followed by sulfonylation, afforded the N-cyclic imide 2 and its sulfonyl ester building block 3. Aminolysis of 3 using various amines and hydrazines furnished target compounds 4-8 via a base-catalyzed Lossen rearrangement/addition-nucleophile ring-opening (ANRO) cascade. The structures were characterized using NMR, FT-IR, and mass spectrometry. In silico SwissADME analysis predicted favorable drug-like profiles adhering to Lipinski's Rule of Five. To normalized binding free energies, multi-parameter optimization (MPO) workflow utilizing, AutoDock Vina converted raw docking energies (ΔG_calc) into calculated logarithmic inhibition constants (pK_i,calc) across ten targets proteins. The validated and predicted heavy-atom poses closely matched reference structures, with RMSD values confirming docking reliability, while 2D interaction diagrams verified conserved of key contacts. Compound 6 emerged as a prioritized multi-target template, with a balanced predicted dual-target profile against HDAC8 and JNK1. Compound 7 was identified as a prioritized in silico multi-target hit against HDAC8 and PIM1. Structural modifications shifted other derivatives toward target-biased profiles, such as building block 3 against GSK-3β and compound 8 against JAK2. Overall, these tunable 2-ureido-6-nitrobenzamide scaffold serves as an in silico prioritization starting point for the rational design of dual-action therapeutics targeting complex oncology and neurodegenerative networks, requiring future in vitro and in vivo validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":257,"journal":{"name":"Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"181 ","pages":"110384"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148816972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon monoxide activatable near-infrared fluorescent probe to explore drug-induced liver injury and protective effect of TCMs components.","authors":"Yilei Dong, Mingliang Zhang, Feiyan Liu, Manman Li, Hui Zhang, Xubin Ma, Yingjie Ren, Yali Wu, Liuqing Yang, Xiaodong Zhang, Xiaofei Chen, Jinfa Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2026.110425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2026.110425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is increasingly considered as a significant cause of acute liver failure, and poses serious threat to human health. Given that carbon monoxide (CO) has been recognized as a crucial gasotransmitter which the dysregulated expression level is intimately correlated with the occurrence and progression of DILI. Therefore, the development of a highly effective probe capable of responding to CO holds great potential for the accurately diagnosis of DILI and the direct assessment of the hepatoprotective efficacy of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). In this work, a new CO-activatable NIR fluorescent probe (BMC-CO) was rationally constructed, which not only exhibits significantly improved specificity and sensitivity (LOD = 44 nM) and a large Stokes shift of 130 nm, but also enables rapid CO detection within 3 min. Furthermore, this probe can be effectively applied to evaluate the therapeutic effects of TCMs components against DILI both in cells and in vivo. Thus, BMC-CO holds great promise as a valuable tool for the early diagnosis of DILI and for the screening of effective drug candidates.</p>","PeriodicalId":257,"journal":{"name":"Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"181 ","pages":"110425"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148823540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3-substituted indole derivatives as potential drug candidates: Lipophilicity, solubility, drug-likeness, and VEGFR2 binding studies.","authors":"Nutan Shukla, Ratnesh Das, David Ebuka Arthur, Goncagül Serdaroğlu, Hemlata Dangi, Onur Cem Altunoluk, Oguz Özbek","doi":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2026.110426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2026.110426","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Improving key physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties such as lipophilicity, water solubility, pharmacokinetics, and drug-likeness is crucial for evaluating a compound's absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). Lipophilicity influences membrane permeability, while solubility affects bioavailability; both are vital for effective drug absorption and distribution. Pharmacokinetic properties and drug-likeness, which are shaped by factors like molecular weight and hydrogen bonding, are significant indicators of a compound's potential for clinical success. Indole derivatives demonstrate a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, highlighting the need for careful optimization of these characteristics to enhance their therapeutic effectiveness. In this study, a series of 3-substituted indole derivatives were synthesized and systematically characterized, including positional isomers with -NO₂ as well as substitutions like Br, hydroxy and phenyl groups. We conducted density functional theory (DFT) calculations on the synthesized indole derivatives at the B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) level using the G16W software package to investigate their thermochemical properties, physicochemical attributes, frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) plots also estimated lipophilicity and water solubility to evaluate their dissolution behavior in octanol and water. Pharmacokinetic properties and drug-likeness profiles were further evaluated using in silico prediction tools. Moreover, a comprehensive molecular docking study was conducted on five rationally designed derivatives against the kinase domain of VEGFR2 to examine their potential binding interactions and therapeutic relevance. Overall, this study provides valuable molecular-level insights into how structural modifications influence physicochemical and biological properties, thereby offering strategic guidance for the rational design and development of indole-based drug candidates.</p>","PeriodicalId":257,"journal":{"name":"Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"181 ","pages":"110426"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Pyrazole-Amide-Azobenzene scaffold for the photocontrollable modulation of succinate dehydrogenase: synthesis, photophysical and biological properties.","authors":"Haoran Hu, Wenbin Tang, Jiayu Li, Siyi Wei, Chunhua Zhan, Lei Xu, Jianyou Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2026.110442","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioorg.2026.110442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aiming to resolve the issues resulting from the widespread use of antifungal in agricultural production, a series of novel Pyrazole-Amides-Azobenzenes (PAAs) has been designed and synthesized by incorporating the photochromic azobenzene moiety into the pharmacophore, endowing them with both antifungal and photoswitching properties. The majority of compounds (especially target compounds A3 and A4) achieved visible light-induced transition from the trans-isomer to cis-isomer. In addition, the in vitro inhibitory activity of compound A3 against Phytophthora capsici increased from an initial 64.2% (trans-isomer) to 89.2% (cis-isomer enriched) with irradiation of 410 nm light. Following the combined enzyme inhibition assays, molecular docking simulations, and molecular dynamics simulation (MD) indicate that these compounds function as ligands targeting succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), exhibiting pronounced differences in enzyme inhibition efficacy between the cis- and trans-isomers. Notably, compounds A3 and A4 exhibited moderate SDH inhibition and low toxicity (against HK-2) in the absence of light irradiation, whereas their inhibitory activity against SDH and toxicity (against HK-2) were significantly enhanced upon irradiation at 410 nm. In addition, zebrafish embryo hatching research have demonstrated that both the trans and cis isomers of compound A4 exhibit low toxicity. Consequently, this light-controlled pharmacological behavior provides practical evidence supporting the application of the PAAs scaffold as a targeted succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) in agricultural production.</p>","PeriodicalId":257,"journal":{"name":"Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"181 ","pages":"110442"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148856844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}