International Journal of Disaster Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Insulated spine boards for prehospital trauma care in a cold environment","authors":"P. Lundgren, O. Henriksson, Nina Widfeldt, T. Wikström","doi":"10.1080/15031430410023913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15031430410023913","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine, during field conditions, what impact additional insulation on a spine board would have on thermoregulation.\u0000Method: The study was conducted outdoor ...","PeriodicalId":257480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Medicine","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125550941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of bereavement among relatives in Italy and Sweden after the Linate airplane disaster","authors":"K. Johannesson, S. Stefanini, T. Lundin, R. Anchisi","doi":"10.1080/15031430600969034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15031430600969034","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Victims of major disasters are at risk for development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The aim of this study was to compare two groups of bereaved relatives from Italy and Sweden, and to examine the role of psychosocial support and psychological reactions 18 months after traumatic bereavement. Methods: In all, 153 bereaved relatives of deceased victims in the Milano/Linate aeroplane crash were assessed by a questionnaire. Reactions of psychological distress were measured by the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). Results: In the whole group, 53.2% showed symptoms indicating that they might meet the DSM-IV criteria for PTSD. The frequency was higher among the Italian relatives (58.7%) compared with the Swedish relatives (42.6%). Females showed more signs of post-traumatic reactions compared with males in the total population, as did spouses and parents within the Italian group. The general health status, measured by subjective evaluation, was significantly affected in both groups as a result of the disaster. A significant recovery after 18 months was reported, although not to the pre-accident level. The Swedish relatives had a pattern of using more psychotherapy compared with the Italians, among whom it was more common to use medication for both anxiety and sleeping problems. The need for psychotherapy and medication was related to higher scores on IES-R. Conclusions: (1) Traumatic losses deeply affect bereaved relatives. Health is affected and a large group of these relatives develop strong symptoms of post-traumatic stress. (2) Swedish bereaved relatives seem to be more apt to ask for professional help, e.g. psychotherapy, while in Italy it is more common to rely on family, friends and medication. (3) Acute organized psychosocial support in the aftermath can possibly facilitate for victims to handle a traumatic loss but it does not prevent the development of strong post-traumatic reactions. Future investigations may show how it is possible to optimize the help with more specific interventions of support and treatment.","PeriodicalId":257480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130396966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2003 terrorist bombings in Istanbul","authors":"K. Taviloğlu, H. Yanar, A. Kavuncu, C. Ertekin, R. Güloǧlu","doi":"10.1080/15031430600694053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15031430600694053","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This study describes the terrorist attacks on two synagogues (Beth Israel and Neve Shalom) in Istanbul, Turkey on November 15, 2003 and the terrorist attacks on the Hong Kong‐Shanghai Banking Corporation (HSBC) and British Consulate on November 20, 2003. Method: A retrospective descriptive study was performed using hospital records and open sources reports. Results: On November 15, the emergency services of 24 hospitals were incorporated in the action and 330 patients were treated. Eighty‐five (26%) patients were hospitalized for prolonged medical care, 10 of whom required intensive care unit (ICU) support. These 85 patients needed a total of 348 days of hospitalization and the mean hospitalization time was 4 days. One hundred and forty‐two (43%) patients were transported to the hospitals via ambulances and 188 (57%) patients were taken to the hospitals in various other vehicles. Twenty‐six patients died. On November 20, 34 hospitals were involved in the operation, and a total of 495 patient...","PeriodicalId":257480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Medicine","volume":"210 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126981909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Haddon matrix, a tool for investigating severe bus and coach crashes","authors":"P. Albertsson, U. Björnstig, T. Falkmer","doi":"10.1080/15031430310035272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15031430310035272","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of the study was to use the Haddon matrix to analyse crash and injury mechanisms in a severe coach crash, to investigate if a safety belt would have reduced injuries, and highlig ...","PeriodicalId":257480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121739153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of registered floods in Turkey","authors":"N. Beyhun, K. H. Altıntaş, Eri˙c Noji˙","doi":"10.1080/15031430500368485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15031430500368485","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of this article is to emphasize the impact of floods in Turkey. Methods: A registration‐based, descriptive study was conducted. The data were obtained from annual flood reports published by the General Directorate of State Hydraulic Works. Results: Between 1970 and 1996, 624 floods were recorded. In 83 floods (13.3%), 539 people died (mean = 6.4). Statistically significant relationships were found to exist between material losses and the total number of deaths (Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.53, p = 0.00). The floods happened mostly in the summer season (n = 286, 45.8%) with a peak in July (n = 115, 18.4%). Most of the floods and deaths occurred in the Black Sea Region (n = 158, 25.3% and n = 200, 37.1%, respectively). When all the floods were analysed together, a single flood cost US $2 708 461. Conclusion: These results should serve as the basis for future studies regarding floods including analytical epidemiological studies to determine risk factors for death and injury. The c...","PeriodicalId":257480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Medicine","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130260993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case study of the terrorist bombing in Tel Aviv market – putting all the eggs in one basket might save lives","authors":"A. Leiba, P. Halpern, D. Kotler, A. Blumenfeld, D. Soffer, Gali Weiss, M. Peres, D. Laor, Y. Levi, A. Goldberg, Y. Bar-dayan","doi":"10.1080/15031430510034686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15031430510034686","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: On 1 November 2004 a suicide bomber detonated himself in Tel Aviv, in a crowded open market space, resulting in 3 dead victims and 34 casualties. This event in a central urban area was handled quickly by experienced emergency medical service (EMS) teams. We analysed evacuation destinations of urgent casualties in order to learn whether severe casualties should all be evacuated to the closest trauma centre. Alternatively, they might be distributed to all nearby hospitals, both trauma and non‐trauma centres. A third possibility is directing urgent casualties only to trauma centres, dividing them between the close trauma centre and a ‘second cycle’ distant level A trauma centre. Methods: Data were collected from formal debriefings carried out after the event in the Ministry of Health, in the Israeli Defense Forces Medical Corps (IDF MCs) and in the Home Front Command (HFC). Other debriefings, in which we took part, were those of the EMS and participating hospitals. We analysed these data to learn...","PeriodicalId":257480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127812686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infecting organisms in victims from the tsunami disaster: experiences from Bangkok Phuket Hospital, Thailand","authors":"K. Kespechara, Thongchai Koysombat, Supranee Pakamol, Poranee Phoungchit, Waraporn Panyaphul","doi":"10.1080/15031430600694244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15031430600694244","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To study the pattern of wound infections in the victims of the tsunami disaster treated in a hospital in the disaster zone in Thailand with regard to incidence, development and characteristics of infections, microbiological flora and bacterial sensitivity to antibiotics. Methods: The incidence of infections and the intervals between injury and infection were registered for all patients from the disaster submitted to the hospital during the first 8 days after the disaster, and the clinical course and characteristics of infections were documented. Bacterial samples were taken from patients with clinical signs of purulent infections and cultured on blood, McConkey and TCBS agar. The results of cultures and determinations of sensitivity were reported within 48–72 hours. The bacterial specimens were frozen to permit re‐investigation. Results: Both the clinical pattern of infection and the microbiological flora in the studied tsunami victims were different from those in conventional trauma patients,...","PeriodicalId":257480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Medicine","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115791780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revision and validation of Child Behavior Check List – Post‐traumatic Stress Disorder Scale in Tamil","authors":"S. Russell, B. Subramanian, P. Russell","doi":"10.1080/15031430500266564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15031430500266564","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To revise, translate, explore the construct validity and define the sensitivity of the Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Scale of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL‐PTSD). Method: Language and content experts revised the translated CBCL‐PTSD scale. This 13‐item CBCL‐PTSD‐TR scale was administered to 100 adolescents who had undergone various traumatic life events. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted. Screening threshold was determined for the final six‐item version. Results: The DSM IV‐TR construct for PTSD was reflected in the CBCL‐PTSD‐TR scale by the exploratory factor analysis and provided information for refining the instrument. A CBCL‐PTSD‐TR cut‐off score of 0.5 was an effective threshold for screening purposes. Conclusions: We were able to show that the CBCL‐PTSD‐TR scale compiled from the original CBCL scale items has satisfactory construct validity of DSM‐IV‐TR and can be used for screening adolescents with PTSD. Implications for assessment and treatment utilization are discussed.","PeriodicalId":257480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Medicine","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123973526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing a curriculum in disaster medicine for Canadian medical schools","authors":"G. Cummings, F. D. Corte","doi":"10.1080/15031430500321245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15031430500321245","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To design an outcome‐based curriculum in disaster medicine for undergraduate, fellowship and postgraduate level students in Canadian medical schools. Methods: Based on the results of a systematic review of peer‐reviewed journals indexed in Medline, Healthstar, ERIC, or EMBASE for courses taught in medical schools in disaster medicine, a survey of Canadian medical schools, review of reference texts, articles provided in the European Master in Disaster Medicine and content from the Disaster Medicine On‐Line Course, the authors proposed an outcome‐based disaster medicine curriculum. Results: The Canadian Medical Survey demonstrated strong consensus among all of the respondents for the undergraduate curriculum in disaster medicine. The top five topics recommended in order were: pandemic, EMS (emergency medical service) and disasters, disaster management, natural disasters and hospital disaster planning. For the fellowship curriculum in disaster medicine, there was consensus within groups and divergen...","PeriodicalId":257480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Medicine","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124127177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying medical disaster management","authors":"J. Boer, M. Debacker","doi":"10.1080/15031430600975569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15031430600975569","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The aim of the study was to apply a mathematical model of medical disaster management to determine the medical resources for disasters in the Netherlands. Methods: Quantification of the medical management capacity requirements was based on the medical severity index model. Results: The medical rescue capacity, the medical transport capacity and the hospital treatment capacity requirements have been calculated for various numbers of mechanically injured disaster victims with three different medical severity factors (0.5, 1.0, 1.5) with a clearance time of the disaster area of 4 hours. Conclusion: The major objective of the publication is to invite researchers and managers to apply the mathematical models in order to further validate and refine the methodology.","PeriodicalId":257480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Medicine","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126016411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}