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The new Catalan nationalism 新的加泰罗尼亚民族主义
Review of Nationalities Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/pn-2020-0009
Ángel Rivero
{"title":"The new Catalan nationalism","authors":"Ángel Rivero","doi":"10.2478/pn-2020-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/pn-2020-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this article, I have shown how Catalan nationalism mutated in the last years. Since 1979 Catalonia enjoyed unprecedented political self-government, however, its polítical autonomy was not enough for the independence movement, With the economic crisis of 2008, they declared that the time of independence has finally arrived, and in 2017 a bizarre independence that lasted a few seconds was proclaimed. Catalan nationalism was traditionally pragmatic, but since then, this is no longer the case. It converted to a new nationalism that in the name of a democracy of the people divided Catalonia by antagonism. As I have shown, the new Catalan nationalism is today a populism of secession.","PeriodicalId":256970,"journal":{"name":"Review of Nationalities","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128991009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The historical background of Catalan separatism: The case of Occitania 加泰罗尼亚分离主义的历史背景:以奥西塔尼亚为例
Review of Nationalities Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/pn-2020-0011
R. Sasor
{"title":"The historical background of Catalan separatism: The case of Occitania","authors":"R. Sasor","doi":"10.2478/pn-2020-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/pn-2020-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of this study is to discuss the originality of the Catalan literature at its beginnings in relation to the poetry of the Occitan troubadours, and to explain why some Catalans today do not feel connected to the Castilian heritage. The paper presents the Occitan-Catalan political and cultural relations in the time between 993 and 1213, with particular emphasis on the 12th century when the Great Occitan War took place. The historical Occitania at that time was divided into numerous principalities affected by constant internal struggles. That unstable political situation encouraged powerful neighbours – as the rulers from the House of Barcelona – to attain their domination over the region. The successful military and diplomatic engagements of the Catalan sovereigns allowed them to create a relatively homogeneoas Occitan-Catalan community based on cultural similarity and feudal dependence.","PeriodicalId":256970,"journal":{"name":"Review of Nationalities","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125789044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Authoritarian populism in the US: context and continuity in a post-truth era 美国的威权民粹主义:后真相时代的背景与连续性
Review of Nationalities Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/pn-2020-0003
Richard C. Box
{"title":"Authoritarian populism in the US: context and continuity in a post-truth era","authors":"Richard C. Box","doi":"10.2478/pn-2020-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/pn-2020-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract An enduring theme in US politics is tension between people on the right who favour limited government that serves individual and elite interests and people on the left who prefer active government with emphasis on a broader public interest. Recently, the political landscape has shifted from the dominant ideology of neoliberalism toward a far-right authoritarian populism with parallels to mid-20th century fascism. This shift appears in regressive societal characteristics - such as xenophobia, racism, homophobia, and misogyny - that were thought to have diminished in an increasingly progressive 21 st century. An argument can be made that authoritarian populism is a continuation of longstanding patterns of elite influence, in which regressive elements serve as techniques to distract the public from the governing economic agenda. The essay examines this phenomenon and explores potential future effects on US society.","PeriodicalId":256970,"journal":{"name":"Review of Nationalities","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130410236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Protection status of the Sami identity in Finland in the first years after accession 加入芬兰后最初几年萨米人身份在芬兰的保护状况
Review of Nationalities Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/pn-2020-0016
K. Kaczmarek
{"title":"Protection status of the Sami identity in Finland in the first years after accession","authors":"K. Kaczmarek","doi":"10.2478/pn-2020-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/pn-2020-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Sami people are the only native people in Europe. Their identity and culture are related to the nature of the northern part of the Scandinavian peninsula. Due to the difficult natural conditions occurring there, the Saami identity is subject to special protection both in Finland and in the European Union. The activities of external institutions mainly consist in multi-faceted activities aimed at improving the quality of life in those areas and counteracting the depopulation of regions traditionally inhabited by the Sami people.","PeriodicalId":256970,"journal":{"name":"Review of Nationalities","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122623656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Free State of Bavaria - between Christianization and secularism 巴伐利亚自由邦——介于基督教化和世俗主义之间
Review of Nationalities Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/pn-2020-0018
Beata Springer
{"title":"The Free State of Bavaria - between Christianization and secularism","authors":"Beata Springer","doi":"10.2478/pn-2020-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/pn-2020-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article deals with issues related to the phenomena of secularization and secularism in the Free State of Bavaria. The analysis includes changes in attitudes towards religion in recent years, the perception of church institutions and the transformation of religiousness, and the partial disappearance of religiousness and the effects of multiculturalism in the context of the attachment to tradition and the strong cultivation of the Bavarian cultural identity.","PeriodicalId":256970,"journal":{"name":"Review of Nationalities","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131167345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Referendums, democracy and separatism 公投、民主和分离主义
Review of Nationalities Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/pn-2020-0001
M. Qvortrup
{"title":"Referendums, democracy and separatism","authors":"M. Qvortrup","doi":"10.2478/pn-2020-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/pn-2020-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract There have been referendums on separatism for longer than there has been democracy. Allowing areas to vote on independence or on whether to belong to another state or territory is a practice that goes back as far as the 14th century, though it is only in the 20th century that it really took off. While many claim a right to self-determination’, there is no formal legal right to hold referendums on secession, unless there are constitutional provisions for this, a specific agreement between the parties, or if the country is a former colony. Of the referendums on independence that have been held, very few have yielded yes’ votes in developed democratic societies.","PeriodicalId":256970,"journal":{"name":"Review of Nationalities","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121463915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
How does secessionism end? No-win scenarios for contemporary American secessionist movements 分离主义如何终结？当代美国分离主义运动的无赢方案
Review of Nationalities Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/pn-2020-0004
Martin Pomarański
{"title":"How does secessionism end? No-win scenarios for contemporary American secessionist movements","authors":"Martin Pomarański","doi":"10.2478/pn-2020-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/pn-2020-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of this paper is to attempt to characterize the American secessionist movement in the 21st century. In spite of the fact that all ideas of self-determination in the U.S. are not welcomed by the federal government in Washington and as a consequence are dying on the vine, they have still reborn in subsequent separatist and secessionist initiatives. An analysis of the goals, sizes and motivations of contemporary secessionist groups in the United States will lead to the main goal of the paper, which is to answer the question about the types of strategies chosen by American secessionists in the situation of the obvious failure of their overarching political goal - independence. As it turns out, a significant part of such groups in a situation of collision of their own political dreams with the harsh conditions of American Realpolitik does not give up and continues their activities in a slightly modified form. Understanding the scenarios accompanying this ideological and organizational change, as well as exemplifying the groups that have decided to implement these scenarios in recent years will be the crucial goal of the paper.","PeriodicalId":256970,"journal":{"name":"Review of Nationalities","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129408232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The rise of independence feelings in Catalonia and Scotland. A longitudinal study on the profile of independence in the beginning of the 21st century 加泰罗尼亚和苏格兰的独立情绪高涨。21世纪初中国独立状况的纵向研究
Review of Nationalities Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/pn-2020-0005
J. Merino
{"title":"The rise of independence feelings in Catalonia and Scotland. A longitudinal study on the profile of independence in the beginning of the 21st century","authors":"J. Merino","doi":"10.2478/pn-2020-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/pn-2020-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The following article aims to make headway on the knowledge related to the elements that explain the steep increase of secessionist nationalism during the 21 st century in the peripheral territories of plurinational Western long-established democracies, such as the ones existing in the United Kingdom and Spain. In order to do so, we will be focusing on the quick change observed in the preferences as to the state territorial organization in Catalonia and Scotland. Through the usage of the logistic regression technique, a longitudinal analysis will be carried out to analyze the principal characteristics of the Catalonian and Scottish independence profile throughout the period comprehended between 1999 and 2016.","PeriodicalId":256970,"journal":{"name":"Review of Nationalities","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131917379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The position of the Spanish monarchy and Catalan separatism in the 21st century 21世纪西班牙君主制和加泰罗尼亚分离主义的立场
Review of Nationalities Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/pn-2020-0008
Wioletta Husar-Poliszuk
{"title":"The position of the Spanish monarchy and Catalan separatism in the 21st century","authors":"Wioletta Husar-Poliszuk","doi":"10.2478/pn-2020-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/pn-2020-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article deals with the position of the Spanish monarchy in the context of Catalan separatism (independentism). The analysis is focused on the search for potential relationships between the weakening position of the Spanish monarchy and Catalan independentism and the consequences associated with this. To this end, the exploration includes both the monarchy in the institutional sense and focuses on the person of Juan Carlos I de Burbon himself and his son and successor Philip VI de Burbon. Furthermore, an important aspect of the research is the reference of the position of the monarchy to the issue of the independence process in Catalonia and a forecast in this light for the further development of Catalan separatism.","PeriodicalId":256970,"journal":{"name":"Review of Nationalities","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133181306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nationalism and right to secession: New states, identities and global security 民族主义与分离权:新国家、身份与全球安全
Review of Nationalities Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/pn-2020-0002
Alberto G. Ibáñez
{"title":"Nationalism and right to secession: New states, identities and global security","authors":"Alberto G. Ibáñez","doi":"10.2478/pn-2020-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/pn-2020-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article makes a provocative diagnosis: an unlimited right to secession is incompatible with global peace and progress. In order to overcome such a danger, it offers a practical solution: potential new nations should be subject to a viability test. Should each ethnic, cultural or language group claim their own and independent nation, the globe map would end up divided into 5,000 pieces. It is precisely in times of globalization that stable borders and rationalilty are more than ever necessary, and not only because geostrategic stability is at stake, but because sustainable development and peaceful coexistance are as well.","PeriodicalId":256970,"journal":{"name":"Review of Nationalities","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128677446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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