美国的威权民粹主义:后真相时代的背景与连续性

Richard C. Box
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摘要

美国政治中一个经久不衰的主题是支持服务于个人和精英利益的有限政府的右翼人士与倾向于强调更广泛公共利益的积极政府的左翼人士之间的紧张关系。最近,政治格局已经从新自由主义的主导意识形态转向极右翼威权民粹主义,与20世纪中期的法西斯主义相似。这种转变出现在一些倒退的社会特征上,比如仇外心理、种族主义、同性恋恐惧症和厌女症,这些特征在日益进步的21世纪被认为已经减少了。可以这样说,威权民粹主义是精英影响长期模式的延续,在这种模式中,倒退的元素作为一种技巧,分散了公众对治理经济议程的注意力。本文考察了这一现象,并探讨了对美国社会未来的潜在影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Authoritarian populism in the US: context and continuity in a post-truth era
Abstract An enduring theme in US politics is tension between people on the right who favour limited government that serves individual and elite interests and people on the left who prefer active government with emphasis on a broader public interest. Recently, the political landscape has shifted from the dominant ideology of neoliberalism toward a far-right authoritarian populism with parallels to mid-20th century fascism. This shift appears in regressive societal characteristics - such as xenophobia, racism, homophobia, and misogyny - that were thought to have diminished in an increasingly progressive 21 st century. An argument can be made that authoritarian populism is a continuation of longstanding patterns of elite influence, in which regressive elements serve as techniques to distract the public from the governing economic agenda. The essay examines this phenomenon and explores potential future effects on US society.
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