Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences最新文献_第3页

Spectrum of paediatric orthopaedic injuries in Patient attending emergency department of Gandaki Medical College of Pokhara, Nepal 尼泊尔博卡拉甘达基医学院急诊科儿童骨科损伤谱

Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.3126/MJPAHS.V1I2.23390

Is Kandel, Karuna Acharya, Sandip Gupta, B. Shrestha

{"title":"Spectrum of paediatric orthopaedic injuries in Patient attending emergency department of Gandaki Medical College of Pokhara, Nepal","authors":"Is Kandel, Karuna Acharya, Sandip Gupta, B. Shrestha","doi":"10.3126/MJPAHS.V1I2.23390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/MJPAHS.V1I2.23390","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Children are vulnerable to musculoskeletal injuries both at home and on the street for various reasons. Morbidity and disabilities resulting from these, mostly preventable, injuries, make them a burden to their families and society. The role of various factors associated with injuries is often not documented. \u0000Methods: This prospective, cross sectional study was done on 80 children aged below 16 years with musculoskeletal trauma, data were collected and analysis was done using Microsoft excel and frequency table. The various modes of injuries, place of injuries, pattern of injuries and regional distribution of injuries were analyzed. \u0000Results: One in every four to five patient was a child below 16 years of age. Boys were injured more than girls. Injuries, especially fractures, were most common in the extremities, the upper limb more commonly injured than the lower limb. Most of the injuries occurred at home. The most common mode of injuries was falls that happened while playing both within and outside the home, followed by road traffic accidents. Most injuries occurred during daytime. \u0000Conclusions: Many injuries in children were found to be preventable. Small interventions and modification while constructing homes and surroundings can contribute tremendously to injury prevention and control in children. Parental awareness about the various modes of injury, role of supervised playing and their responsibility towards injury prevention can play a key role in reducing the morbidity associated with childhood fractures.","PeriodicalId":256896,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126860364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Decreased fetal movement: Is it an alarm to Obstetrician and Pregnant Lady? 胎动减少:对产科医生和孕妇来说是一个警报吗?

Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.3126/mjpahs.v1i2.23402

P. Dhungana, R. Adhikari, Prem Raj Pageni, A. Koirala

{"title":"Decreased fetal movement: Is it an alarm to Obstetrician and Pregnant Lady?","authors":"P. Dhungana, R. Adhikari, Prem Raj Pageni, A. Koirala","doi":"10.3126/mjpahs.v1i2.23402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjpahs.v1i2.23402","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Fetal activity serves as an indirect measure of the fetus central nervous system integrity and function. Regular fetal movement can be regarded as an expression of fetal wellbeing. Maternal perception of decreased fetal movement is associated with poor feto-maternal outcome. This study is to find out feto-maternal outcome in cases of decreased fetal movement, done by assessing fetal heart rate (FHR) correlating with cardiotocography (CTG) and USG (ultrasonography) findings, Apgar score and meconium in amniotic fluid. \u0000Materials and method: This was a hospital based, prospective comparative study done in Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur, Nepal. The sample size was 200; 100 cases of decreased fetal movement versus 100 cases of good fetal movement at same gestational age in weeks. Data processing was done in SPSS version 20.0 (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA) and calculated by chisquare test. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant. \u0000Results: Significant difference was found in fetal kick chart counting. In the decreased fetal movement group, 16% had oligohydraminos, 3% had polyhydraminos and 5% had non reassuring CTG and 4% had abnormal heart rate detected clinically. There was statistically significant difference observed between the two groups in labor induction, cesarean section, meconium stain liquor, cord around the neck and different neonatal morbidities. \u0000Conclusion: Decreased fetal movement is associated with poor fetomaternal outcome. Improved vigilance, early identification, further evaluation with CTG, USG and proper management of these pregnancies have favourable pregnancy outcome.","PeriodicalId":256896,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128437262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Is Urine dipstick as accurate as 24 hour urine protein? A Comparative Study 尿试纸和24小时尿蛋白一样准确吗?比较研究

Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.3126/MJPAHS.V1I2.23408

R. Adhikari, G. Sharma, P. Dhungana, K. Adhikari

{"title":"Is Urine dipstick as accurate as 24 hour urine protein? A Comparative Study","authors":"R. Adhikari, G. Sharma, P. Dhungana, K. Adhikari","doi":"10.3126/MJPAHS.V1I2.23408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/MJPAHS.V1I2.23408","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hypertensive disorder in pregnancy (HDP) is one of the most common medical complications affecting approximately 5-10% of pregnancies. It remains a major cause of maternal/perinatal mortality and morbidity. Proteinuria is a sign of preeclampsia where there is >300 mg of protein in 24 hour urine collection. This usually correlates with 30mg/dl or 1+ reading in a random urine specimen. The main objective of this study is to find out whether urine dipstick correlates with 24 hour urine protein. \u0000Methodology: This is a hospital based comparative study, where proteinuria by dipstick method was compared with 24 hour urinary protein in 60 cases of pre eclampsia at Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital, Thapathali, Kathmandu. \u0000Results: The dipstick method of detecting proteinuria significantly correlated with the total 24 hour urine protein excretion by Esbach Albuminometer. A dipstick factor of ≥300mg/24 hour indicates proteinuria with sensitivity of 97.5%, specificity of 65%, positive predictive value of 84.78% and negative predictive value of 92.85%. 3+ value in dipstick had high significance with 24 hour urine protein by Esbach’s Albuminometer (R=0.983 ). The cost of dipstick was Nepalies Rs (NPR) 14 in comparison to 24 hour dipstick which cost NPR 80.Time needed to get report was immediate in case of dipstick but takes 48-50 hour in case of 24 hour urine protein. \u0000Conclusion: Timely collection of six hourly urine for detection of proteinuria by dipstick is comparable to 24 hour urinary protein determination in laboratory by Esbach Albuminometer, which is more time consuming and expensive.","PeriodicalId":256896,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123145650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Study of Prevalence, Risk Factors and Hematological Parameters in Children Suffering from Iron Deficiency Anemia in a Tertiary Care Centre in Pokhara 博卡拉三级保健中心缺铁性贫血儿童患病率、危险因素和血液学参数的研究

Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.3126/MJPAHS.V1I2.23397

A. Paudel, K. Malla, S. Shrestha, S. Paudel, D. Paudel, R. Bastola, Yagyaraj Sigdel, R. Gurung

{"title":"Study of Prevalence, Risk Factors and Hematological Parameters in Children Suffering from Iron Deficiency Anemia in a Tertiary Care Centre in Pokhara","authors":"A. Paudel, K. Malla, S. Shrestha, S. Paudel, D. Paudel, R. Bastola, Yagyaraj Sigdel, R. Gurung","doi":"10.3126/MJPAHS.V1I2.23397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/MJPAHS.V1I2.23397","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common anemia worldwide. It adversely affects the physical growth, cognition, behavior and the immune status of infants and children. There are limited number of studies in Nepal analyzing its prevalence, risk factors and diagnosis in pediatric population. Restriction of analgesics intake, increased intake of iron rich food and deworming are important determinants in the disease management. \u0000Methods: Hospital based prospective comparative study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics in Manipal Teaching Hospital from December 2014 to December 2016 enrolling all children aged 6 months to 5 years with anemia. Demographic profile, clinical features and information regarding risk factors were noted along with detailed physical examination. Iron profile was done to confirm diagnosis of IDA. Data was analyzed using SPSS 21. \u0000Results: Out of 168 anemic children, 110 (65.45%) children were diagnosed as IDA. Dietary factors, pica and intake of analgesics/antipyretics were major risk factors. Serum iron, serum ferritin, transferrin saturation were low whereas total iron binding capacity was high in IDA. \u0000Conclusion: Iron deficiency anemia is a common, preventable and easily treatable disease which has potentially serious consequences if not treated. Non compliance to exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months of life, introduction of cow’s/buffalo’s milk in the first year, pica and rampant use of analgesics/antipyretics are major risk factors. ","PeriodicalId":256896,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127538268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Fine needle Aspiration Cytology of various Head and Neck Swellings 头颈部各种肿肿的细针抽吸细胞学检查

Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.3126/MJPAHS.V1I2.23398

L. Banstola, Swasti Sharma, Bijaya Gautam

{"title":"Fine needle Aspiration Cytology of various Head and Neck Swellings","authors":"L. Banstola, Swasti Sharma, Bijaya Gautam","doi":"10.3126/MJPAHS.V1I2.23398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/MJPAHS.V1I2.23398","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Head and neck swelling is a frequently encountered complaint in the outpatient department. A wide plethora of conditions give rise to head and neck lumps. Sometimes the diagnosis of these lesions is apparent from the site and associated features, while at other times the cause for mass in this region can be confusing. Fine needle aspiration cytology has emerged as a reliable tool for clinching the diagnosis in head and neck swellings. \u0000Methods and Materials: A retrospective study was conducted in the department of Pathology, Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences, Western Regional Hospital, Pokhara. Details of diagnosed cases of HN swellings from the period of November 2015 to February 2018 were obtained from recorded data. Descriptive statistics was applied from the data collected for analysis. \u0000Results: Out of total 456 patients included from a period of 28 months, female patients outnumbered male patients by 1.5 times. The most common age group of presentation for head and neck swellings was observed to be 20-29 years, with 93 patients which comprised of 20.39% of total. Highest incidence was that of lymph node swellings (55.04%) followed by thyroid swellings (21.49%). \u0000Conclusion: Lymph node pathology was determined to be the commonest cause for head and neck mass. FNAC is a reliable and inexpensive means in investigating such lesions, which provides immense help in treatment of patients.","PeriodicalId":256896,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125194521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in the management of upper urinary tract stone: a single institute experience 体外冲击波碎石术治疗上尿路结石:单一研究所的经验

Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.3126/mjpahs.v1i2.23405

D. Adhikari, D. Shrestha, A. Shrestha

引用次数: 1

Non-locking buttress plate in distal tibial metaphyseal fractures 非锁定支撑钢板治疗胫骨远端干骺端骨折

Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.3126/MJPAHS.V1I2.23401

N. Lamichhane, B. B. Kc, C. Mishra, S. Dhakal

{"title":"Non-locking buttress plate in distal tibial metaphyseal fractures","authors":"N. Lamichhane, B. B. Kc, C. Mishra, S. Dhakal","doi":"10.3126/MJPAHS.V1I2.23401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/MJPAHS.V1I2.23401","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Treatment of distal tibial metaphyseal fractures is often challenging and no single technique has been unanimously advocated. Open reduction and internal fixation with plates and screws allows better restoration of anatomical alignment but with more soft tissue complication. Simultaneous fixation of the fibula is not universally carried out. This study aims at evaluation of the outcome of plating technique and the effect of fixation of fibula fracture in treatment of distal tibial metaphyseal fractures. \u0000Material and methods: Thirty-one cases (14 cases in Group A with concomitant distal fibula fracture and 17 cases in Group B without distal fibula fracture) were analyzed retrospectively for the mean duration of full weight bearing, mean union time and complications, and compared. \u0000Results: The mean time for full weight bearing and radiological union in our study was 14.2 weeks (15.9 in Group A and 13.1 in Group B) and 23.8 weeks (26.6 in Group A and 21.5 in Group B) respectively. 16.1% of cases had post-operative complications including one case of deep infection and malalignment of 6 degree varus (following delayed union) was seen in one case of Group A. Range of motion (ROM) at ankle was not problem in any of the cases except the one delayed union which had 5 degrees of dorsiflexion and 15 degrees of plantiflexion. \u0000Conclusion: Open reduction and internal fixation with plate and screws in distal tibial metaphyseal fracture is more economic means of treatment modality with comparable incidence of post-union malalignment and union time,though more soft tissue complications compared to other modalities. Fixation of fibula fracture aids in reducing the incidence of malalignment.","PeriodicalId":256896,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132981851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Comparative Study of Single Layer Versus Double layer Intestinal Anastomosis 单层与双层肠吻合术的比较研究

Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.3126/mjpahs.v1i2.23403

A. Gurung, S. Shrestha, D. Shrestha, S. Paudel, D. Shrestha, A. Shrestha, Dilip Baral

引用次数: 0

Short term outcome in severe alcoholic hepatitis patients treated with Methylprednisolone plus N acetylcysteine or Pentoxifylline plus N acetylcysteine 甲泼尼龙加N乙酰半胱氨酸或己酮茶碱加N乙酰半胱氨酸治疗重度酒精性肝炎患者的短期疗效

Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.3126/MJPAHS.V1I2.23389

K. Regmi, A. Mishra, S. Kc, D. Sharma, J. K. Shrestha, Sushil Prajapati, D. Khadka

{"title":"Short term outcome in severe alcoholic hepatitis patients treated with Methylprednisolone plus N acetylcysteine or Pentoxifylline plus N acetylcysteine","authors":"K. Regmi, A. Mishra, S. Kc, D. Sharma, J. K. Shrestha, Sushil Prajapati, D. Khadka","doi":"10.3126/MJPAHS.V1I2.23389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/MJPAHS.V1I2.23389","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Severe Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is an acute form of alcohol induced liver injury. Often it present as fetal diseases with very high (30-50%) short term (28 days) mortality. This study was conducted from period May 2016 to July 2017 in Liver unit, Bir hospital. The main objective was to find out 28 days mortality in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis who had Discriminant function (DF) ≥ 32. This was a prospective, comparative, randomized interventional hospital based study. \u0000Methodology: Hundred and ten diagnosed patients of severe alcoholic hepatitis who fulfilled the criteria were enrolled and randomized into two groups (odd number and even number). Group 1 received methylprednisolone and group 2 received pentoxifylline for 28 days. In both groups N acetylcysteine were added. Lille score was calculated in methylprednisolone group at day 7 and patients with score of ≤ 0.45 were continued methylprednisolone for total 28 days otherwise stopped. Data were recollected at day 28. They were compared in relation to survival, complications of drugs and causes of mortality. \u0000Results: Mean age of presentation were 40.21±10.5 yrs in methylprednisolone and 42.1±12.1 yrs in pentoxifylline group. In both groups complications were nausea, vomiting, bloating, anorexia and swelling of limb. However, hyperglycemia (16.4%) and renal impairment (9.1%) were more common in methylprednisolone group. Mortality rates were 34.5% in methylprednisolone and 37.8% in pentoxifylline group within 28 days. Common causes of death in both groups were hepatic encephalopathy, hepatorenal syndrome, sepsis or the cause was undetermined. \u0000Conclusion: Alcoholic hepatitis is common manifestation of alcoholic liver disease with high short term mortality in both the groups however adverse effects of drugs are more common in methylprednisolone groups.","PeriodicalId":256896,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125979785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metabolic Syndrome in Subclinical and Overt Hypothyroidism 亚临床和显性甲状腺功能减退的代谢综合征

Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.3126/MJPAHS.V1I2.23396

B. Thapa, M. Tiwari, S. Gurung, Manish Gurung, Mukunda Kalauni, B. Bhatta

{"title":"Metabolic Syndrome in Subclinical and Overt Hypothyroidism","authors":"B. Thapa, M. Tiwari, S. Gurung, Manish Gurung, Mukunda Kalauni, B. Bhatta","doi":"10.3126/MJPAHS.V1I2.23396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/MJPAHS.V1I2.23396","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sub-clinical hypothyroidism (SCH), overt hypothyroidism and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are recognized risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM- II).Thyroid function affects MetS parameters including blood pressure (BP), fasting blood sugar (FBS), serum triglycerides (TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). But the relationship between MetS and thyroid functions is yet to be identified clearly. The present study is to investigate the frequency of MetS in patients of SCH and overt hypothyroidism. \u0000Materials and Methods: A hospital based cross–sectional study was conducted at Swastik referral laboratory and research centre. In this study, 50 patients with overt hypothyroidism, 50 patients with SCH and 129 euthyroid controls were enrolled. National Cholesterol Education Program- Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III; 2005) revision criteria were used to diagnose metabolic syndrome. Thyroid function test (TFT: FT3, FT4 and TSH) was done by using chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) and other tests by using a semi-auto analyzer. ANalysis Of VAriance (ANOVA) test was performed using SPSS (version 16.0). \u0000Result: There was a significant difference in the mean of the waist circumference (p=0.031), BP systolic (p=0.010), BP diastolic (p<0.001)), FBS (p=0.001), serum HDL-C (p=0.031) and serum TG (p=0.003) between control, subclinical and overt hypothyroidism group (p<0.001). Prevalence of MetS was 25.6 % in euthyroid controls whereas 44.0% in the SCH group and 62.0% in the overt hypothyroid group (p<0.001). \u0000Conclusion: Thyroid dysfunction may be responsible for the development of metabolic syndrome.","PeriodicalId":256896,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115196957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1