Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy最新文献

Copper electrodeposition onto extended surface area electrodes and the treatment of copper-containing waste streams 扩展表面积电极上的铜电沉积及含铜废物流的处理

Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy Pub Date : 2005-12-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1600-0692.2005.00756.X

J. Evans, Ran Ding, F. Doyle, V. Jiřičný

{"title":"Copper electrodeposition onto extended surface area electrodes and the treatment of copper-containing waste streams","authors":"J. Evans, Ran Ding, F. Doyle, V. Jiřičný","doi":"10.1111/J.1600-0692.2005.00756.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1600-0692.2005.00756.X","url":null,"abstract":"The paper reviews work on. copper deposition onto porous, fluidized and spouted bed electrodes and discusses the phenomena that are important in governing electrode behavior. An ongoing investigation into the use of ion exchange and electrodeposition to recover copper and water from semiconductor industry waste streams is described. These waste streams, and the associated fresh water consumption, appear to be a growing problem as the semiconductor industry moves to copper metallization (by electrolytic and electroless deposition). Copper metallization also implies the generation of significant waste streams from copper removal by chemical-mechanical planarization (CMP). The quantity of copper to be recovered is still small but its removal from the waste stream will facilitate disposal and, perhaps, reuse of the large volume of water entailed. Extended surface area electrodes may play a role in this task and results using porous carbon electrodes are presented. Recent results on the growth of copper particles in spouted electrodes and the deposition of copper from electrolytes containing other metal salts are presented.","PeriodicalId":256362,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133517047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Thermodynamics of lanthanide halides and application to high‐temperature processes 镧系卤化物的热力学及其在高温过程中的应用

Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy Pub Date : 2005-12-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1600-0692.2005.00757.X

M. Gaune-Escard

引用次数: 4

Physical modeling simulations of refining processes in Brazilian Steel Industry 巴西钢铁工业精炼过程的物理建模模拟

Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy Pub Date : 2005-12-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1600-0692.2005.00754.X

V. Seshadri, C. Silva, I. D. Silva

引用次数: 8

Impact of pre-aging on the tensile and bending properties of AA 6061 预时效对AA 6061拉伸和弯曲性能的影响

Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy Pub Date : 2005-12-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1600-0692.2005.00723.X

B. Ou, C. Shen

{"title":"Impact of pre-aging on the tensile and bending properties of AA 6061","authors":"B. Ou, C. Shen","doi":"10.1111/J.1600-0692.2005.00723.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1600-0692.2005.00723.X","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of low temperature pre-aging on the artificial age-hardening of AA 6061 (Al–1.1Mg–0.63Si) has been investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) as well as by measuring the electrical resistivity, and confirmed by microstructure observation using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Tensile tests were performed to determine the mechanical properties of the samples. During the pre-aging treatment GP zones I formed at 0–30°C. These GP zones I retarded the precipitation of the intermediate β′ phase during artificial aging and led to a decrease in the strength of the alloy. During the pre-aging treatment β′′ precipitates formed at 40–70°C. Increasing the pre-aging temperature significantly increases the strength after artificial aging. On the other hand, increasing the pre-aging temperature decreases the size of the precipitation-free zones (PFZ) adjacent to the grain boundaries. It was found that the tensile strength was greater if the PFZs were smaller than if they were larger. Grain boundary precipitates (GBP) did not significantly contribute to the hardening or strengthening. The specimens subjected to a lower pre-aging temperature followed by the same artificial aging step had better bendability than did the specimens subjected to a higher pre-aging temperature.","PeriodicalId":256362,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131877379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Modeling Al2O3 inclusion separation across steel–slag interfaces 钢渣界面上Al2O3夹杂物分离的模拟

Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy Pub Date : 2005-12-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1600-0692.2005.00755.X

G. Shannon, S. Sridhar

引用次数: 9

Thermodynamic modeling of ammoniacal nickel sulphate solutions 氨态硫酸镍溶液的热力学模拟

Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy Pub Date : 2005-12-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1600-0692.2005.00753.X

T. Kolhinen, H. Jalkanen

{"title":"Thermodynamic modeling of ammoniacal nickel sulphate solutions","authors":"T. Kolhinen, H. Jalkanen","doi":"10.1111/J.1600-0692.2005.00753.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1600-0692.2005.00753.X","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to build a thermodynamic model to extrapolate the system NiSO 4 -(NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 -NH 3 -H 2 O which exists in aqueous hydrogen reduction processes of nickel. These solutions are relatively concentrated,and the temperature for solution preparation and reduction stages might range from room temperature up to 180-200°C. Temperature has a great effect on solution equilibria and the equilibrium solubility of simple and complex crystalline salts such as sulphates and hydroxides known to exist in the system. In this work, the role of kinetics is recognized, but only equilibrium phenomena reconsidered. The main focus of the study was on the modeling of salt solubility. In cases of a process solution where the precipitation of solid crystalline salts is highly undesirable it is important to know the safe limits for a 'clear solution' to operate even if the kinetics are unfavorable. Relatively concentrated solutions are strongly non-ideal and realistic calculations on solution equilibria necessitate the modeling of excess thermodynamic properties of these solutions. The excess model selected for aqueous species was Pitzer's ion-interaction model and for the gas phase Tsonopoulos' model. Emphasis in data assessment was on the thermodynamic modeling of various binaries and ternaries to create a substantial database for the approximation of the quaternary system.","PeriodicalId":256362,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134096668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Recent change in refining process in Nippon Steel Corporation and metallurgical phenomena in the new process 新日铁公司最近的精炼工艺变化及新工艺中的冶金现象

Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy Pub Date : 2005-12-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1600-0692.2005.00752.X

Kenichiro Naito, M. Wakoh

引用次数: 4

Mathematical modelling of the injection of coke oven gas into a blast furnace tuyere 焦炉煤气注入高炉风口的数学建模

Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy Pub Date : 2005-10-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1600-0692.2005.00744.X

P. Hellberg, T. Jonsson, P. Jönsson

引用次数: 14

Solid Oxide Membrane (SOM) technology for environmentally sound production of tantalum metal and alloys from their oxide sources 固体氧化膜(SOM)技术，用于从金属钽及其合金的氧化物源中进行环境无害化生产

Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy Pub Date : 2005-10-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1600-0692.2005.00749.X

A. Krishnan, Xionggang Lu, U. Pal

引用次数: 38

Effect of simultaneous addition of CaO–Al2O3 flux and CaSi on the modification of inclusions in aluminium-killed steel 同时添加CaO-Al2O3助熔剂和CaSi对铝淬钢夹杂物变质的影响

Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy Pub Date : 2005-10-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1600-0692.2005.00745.X

N. K. Das, N. Sen, M. Ghosh, R. Sau

{"title":"Effect of simultaneous addition of CaO–Al2O3 flux and CaSi on the modification of inclusions in aluminium-killed steel","authors":"N. K. Das, N. Sen, M. Ghosh, R. Sau","doi":"10.1111/J.1600-0692.2005.00745.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1600-0692.2005.00745.X","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the effect of CaO-Al 2 O 3 flux, used in conjunction with CaSi, on the formation of inclusions in aluminium-killed steel. 50 kg scale experiments were carried out in an air induction furnace. The amounts of CaSi (1.25-2.5 kg/t) and fluxes (CaO:Al 2 O 3 from 40:60 to 60:40) were varied in different experimental heats. The volume fraction and size of inclusion were determined through quantitative metallography. The change in the composition of inclusions was qualitatively studied through elemental x-ray analysis by EPMA. The size of inclusions in general was found to be larger in the case of the simultaneous addition of CaSi with flux, compared to that obtained through CaSi alone. Larger inclusions lead to easier flotation resulting in lesser volume fraction. The inclusion content was lowest with flux containing 40% CaO and 60% Al 2 O 3 . Better globularisation of alumina inclusion was observed in the case of the simultaneous addition of flux with CaSi, compared to situations where CaSi alone is added. The present investigation has therefore identified the specific amount and composition of flux necessary for restricting the inclusion content as well as improving its globularisation.","PeriodicalId":256362,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133363103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3