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Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy最新文献

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The effects of the additives, calcination and leach conditions for alumina production from red mud 考察了添加剂、煅烧条件和浸出条件对赤泥生产氧化铝的影响
Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy Pub Date : 2003-12-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1600-0692.2003.00656.X
A. Alp, M. Goral
{"title":"The effects of the additives, calcination and leach conditions for alumina production from red mud","authors":"A. Alp, M. Goral","doi":"10.1111/J.1600-0692.2003.00656.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1600-0692.2003.00656.X","url":null,"abstract":"The main target of this study was to explore the leach provisions of red mud from Seydisehir Aluminium Factory for alumina recovery. The chemical composition was 20.24% Al 2 O 3 , 37.84% Fe 2 O 3 , 15.27% SiO 2 , 9.43% Na 2 O, 6.15% TiO 2 , 1.8% CaO, 1.92% CO 2 , 8.79% LOI and 0.48% other. The effects of Na 2 CO 3 additive and calcination temperature, CaO and Na 2 CO 3 additive, particle size, calcination time and leaching time on the efficiency of alumina extraction were investigated. Studies showed that it was possible to extract alumina from the red mud with approximately 90% of alumina efficiency.","PeriodicalId":256362,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129751794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Hydrogen control during steel making for medium carbon wheels 中碳车轮炼钢过程中的氢控制
Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy Pub Date : 2003-12-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1600-0692.2003.00655.X
K. Jha, M. Sardar, N. Jha, S. Chakraborty
{"title":"Hydrogen control during steel making for medium carbon wheels","authors":"K. Jha, M. Sardar, N. Jha, S. Chakraborty","doi":"10.1111/J.1600-0692.2003.00655.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1600-0692.2003.00655.X","url":null,"abstract":"The control of hydrogen is essential to avoid flakes, internal microcracks and other types of steel defects. Vacuum degassing, introduced in late 1950s for bringing down the hydrogen of liquid steel, continues to be an important refining operation today to meet stringent requirement of hydrogen, which is sometimes as low as 1 ppm or lower. The net hydrogen level in steel depends on the extent of its pick up and removal during various stages of steel making. The measures to control pick up mainly include the use of inputs with low moisture or hydrogen content and those for removal are efficient degassing in VAD, control of ladle slag basicity etc. The hydrogen level in medium carbon wheel steel at Durgapur Steel Plant is controlled by utilising a number of measures in BOF and ladle treatment practices. These include avoidance of late addition of lime in converter, minimisation of carry over slag, delayed and just adequate deoxidation in ladle, recarburisation with low hydrogen pet coke, efficient degassing in VAD at deep vacuum and intense purging, restricting ladle slag basicity to less than 1.2 etc. The measures developed and implemented during the investigation resulted in hydrogen level of 1.2-1.8 ppm consistently.","PeriodicalId":256362,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127696708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Chemical‐technological processing of the complex barite–sulphide ore 复杂硫化石矿石的化学工艺处理
Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy Pub Date : 2003-12-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1600-0692.2003.00654.X
R. Vračar, L. Saljic, M. Sokić, Vladislav Matkovic, S. Radosavljević
{"title":"Chemical‐technological processing of the complex barite–sulphide ore","authors":"R. Vračar, L. Saljic, M. Sokić, Vladislav Matkovic, S. Radosavljević","doi":"10.1111/J.1600-0692.2003.00654.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1600-0692.2003.00654.X","url":null,"abstract":"The investigation results of the processing possibilities of the complex barite-sulphide ore from Bobija deposit (Serbia) for the sake of lead, zinc and copper extraction are presented in this paper. Through x-ray diffraction and microscopic examination it is concluded that: (a) it is not possible to enrich the ore for obtaining any selective or a collective sulphide concentrate using the conventional methods of mineral processing, and (b) it is necessary to include chemical and technological procedures for ore processing. Examination of reduction roasting with carbon addition for the barite (BaSO 4 ) reduction into good soluble BaS is performed. After water leaching of BaS from the calcined ore, the solid residual is submitted to the magnetic separation procedure for the pyrrhotite (Fe x-1 S x ) separation, which is formed after pyrite (FeS 2 ) dissociation, and for obtaining a collective sulphide concentrate Pb-Zn-Cu. Finally, the sulphide concentrate is leached with the solution of H 2 SO 4 in the presence of oxygen at elevated temperatures and pressures in an autoclave. Through their sulphide oxidation zinc, copper and iron were dissolved, while lead sulphide remained as insoluble in the solid residual after leaching. The influence of the working parameters on the degree of leaching of zinc, copper and iron is examined.","PeriodicalId":256362,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131497980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Effect of leaking current on the electrochemical measurements of oxygen activities at high temperature 泄漏电流对高温下氧活性电化学测量的影响
Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy Pub Date : 2003-12-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1600-0692.2003.00659.X
C. Mutale, G. T. V. Rooyen
{"title":"Effect of leaking current on the electrochemical measurements of oxygen activities at high temperature","authors":"C. Mutale, G. T. V. Rooyen","doi":"10.1111/J.1600-0692.2003.00659.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1600-0692.2003.00659.X","url":null,"abstract":"Current leaking due to the conductivity of the gaseous atmosphere and ceramics at high temperature could affect the measurements of oxygen partial pressure considerably when using the electromotive force (EMF) technique. Tests have been done to try to reduce the interactions between the leaking current and the potential of the galvanic cell by using a faraday cage. It was found that by performing the experiments in a faraday cage the galvanic cell can be protected against leaking currents. In addition, by using balanced floating inputs to the electronic instrumentation this effect can be reduced further.","PeriodicalId":256362,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy","volume":"213 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127039927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experimental study of the nucleation of alumina inclusions in liquid steel 钢液中氧化铝夹杂物成核的实验研究
Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy Pub Date : 2003-12-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1600-0692.2003.00660.X
K. Beskow, D. Sichen
{"title":"Experimental study of the nucleation of alumina inclusions in liquid steel","authors":"K. Beskow, D. Sichen","doi":"10.1111/J.1600-0692.2003.00660.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1600-0692.2003.00660.X","url":null,"abstract":"An experimental setup was constructed to study the nucleation and growth of non-metallic inclusions in liquid steel. The setup allows easy control of the atmosphere in the reaction chamber as well as fast and smooth movement of the sample. A liquid steel sample can be moved smoothly from the reaction chamber to the quenching zone of room temperature in 2 s. The rapid freezing of the sample enables the study of the formation, growth and distribution of the inclusions. A preliminary study on the homogeneous nucleation of alumina was carried out. Experimental evidence of homogeneous nucleation in the region of aluminium supersaturation was found in the sample quenched 5 s after aluminium addition. Fast agglomeration was also observed. In all the samples quenched 15 s or longer after the aluminium addition, agglomerated alumina clusters were found.","PeriodicalId":256362,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122389117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Activities of phosphorus in copper–cobalt liquid alloys saturated with solid copper–cobalt solid solutions at 1573 K 1573 K时铜钴固溶体饱和铜钴液态合金中磷的活性
Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy Pub Date : 2003-12-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1600-0692.2003.00661.X
M. Hasegawa, Y. Kikuchi, M. Iwase
{"title":"Activities of phosphorus in copper–cobalt liquid alloys saturated with solid copper–cobalt solid solutions at 1573 K","authors":"M. Hasegawa, Y. Kikuchi, M. Iwase","doi":"10.1111/J.1600-0692.2003.00661.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1600-0692.2003.00661.X","url":null,"abstract":"In order to elucidate the thermodynamic properties of phosphorous in liquid {Cu-Co-P} alloys, 2-phase coexistence of {Cu-Co-P} liquid alloys and (Cu-Co-P) solid solutions were brought into equilibrium with a mixture of Al 2 O 3 and AlPO 4 at 1573 K. The equilibrium reaction underlying the experiments can be expressed by the formula (Al 2 O 3 ) + 2P(%, in Cu) + (5/2)(O 2 ) = 2(AlPO 4 ). The equilibrium oxygen partial pressures were determined via electrochemical measurements involving stabilized zirconia as a solid electrolyte and a mixture of Mo and MoO 2 as a reference electrode. The activities of phosphorus were then determined along liquidus line of the ternary system of Cu-Co-R.","PeriodicalId":256362,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127715771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Strip casting of magnesium with the single‐belt process 用单带法铸镁
Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy Pub Date : 2003-12-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1600-0692.2003.00664.X
A. Ditze, K. Schwerdtfeger
{"title":"Strip casting of magnesium with the single‐belt process","authors":"A. Ditze, K. Schwerdtfeger","doi":"10.1111/J.1600-0692.2003.00664.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1600-0692.2003.00664.X","url":null,"abstract":"Results on the casting of 10 mm thick strip of magnesium with the single-belt process are reported. The alloy used was AZ91. The main difficulties in the casting of magnesium strip are in the uniform distribution of the melt on the belt of the caster. But finally strands could be cast which had good cross sectional shape over several meters. Casting defects are described. Data are given on the as-cast microstructure of the strip.","PeriodicalId":256362,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127510834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Replacement of lead baths for the tempering of spring wire 更换回火弹簧丝用铅浴
Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy Pub Date : 2003-10-01 DOI: 10.1034/J.1600-0692.2003.00648.X
M. Jarl, T. Berntsson, Edin Sapcanin, B. Azizi
{"title":"Replacement of lead baths for the tempering of spring wire","authors":"M. Jarl, T. Berntsson, Edin Sapcanin, B. Azizi","doi":"10.1034/J.1600-0692.2003.00648.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1034/J.1600-0692.2003.00648.X","url":null,"abstract":"Molten lead is used for tempering of valve-spring wire. Lead has drawbacks due to slow temperature changes. In 1991 the Swedish Parliament passed a Government Bill, in which proposals were made to phase out the use of lead in the long term, primarily through voluntary measures. Tempering of SIS 2090 (SAE 9254, DIN 55SiCr7) wire with different dimensions using induction heating was tested in a pilot process line. An induction coil for six wires and two coils with different lengths designed for single wires were tested. The results showed that an induction coil for six wires gave excessive temperature and property variations between the wires. The shorter of the single wire coils gave fluctuations in temperature and properties using a 3.00-mm wire. No such fluctuations were observed with the longer coil. One of the experiments showed that the process might need time to reach stable conditions. The results so far indicate that it is possible to produce valve-spring wire with induction tempering. The process needs more control and monitoring compared to tempering in molten lead.","PeriodicalId":256362,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy","volume":"139 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115457819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Thermodynamic investigation of Co–Cr alloys. II. Heat capacity measurements in the temperature interval 318–1660 K Co-Cr合金热力学研究。2温度区间318 - 1660k的热容测量
Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy Pub Date : 2003-10-01 DOI: 10.1034/J.1600-0692.2003.00646.X
Thérèse Sterneland, R. Aune, S. Seetharaman
{"title":"Thermodynamic investigation of Co–Cr alloys. II. Heat capacity measurements in the temperature interval 318–1660 K","authors":"Thérèse Sterneland, R. Aune, S. Seetharaman","doi":"10.1034/J.1600-0692.2003.00646.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1034/J.1600-0692.2003.00646.X","url":null,"abstract":"The thermodynamic properties of several Co-Cr alloys have been determined in the temperature interval 318-1660 K using differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) technique. The compositional range ...","PeriodicalId":256362,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132289809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Effects of ferrosilicon particle size on reduction rate of chromium oxide in slag 硅铁粒度对炉渣中氧化铬还原速率的影响
Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy Pub Date : 2003-10-01 DOI: 10.1034/J.1600-0692.2003.00649.X
Sang-Beom Lee, H. Song, H. Hwang, P. Rhee, O. Klevan
{"title":"Effects of ferrosilicon particle size on reduction rate of chromium oxide in slag","authors":"Sang-Beom Lee, H. Song, H. Hwang, P. Rhee, O. Klevan","doi":"10.1034/J.1600-0692.2003.00649.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1034/J.1600-0692.2003.00649.X","url":null,"abstract":"For a successful stainless steelmaking process, it is necessary to reduce Cr oxide in slag, using ferrosilicon alloy, as quickly as possible. The effects of particle size on the melting rate of ferrosilicon alloy were investigated by monitoring melting behavior of ferrosilicon alloys both on stainless steel melt and on the slag using a video camera. The reduction experiment using an induction furnace of 50-kg capacity was also carried out. The experimental results indicated that the smaller the particle size, the shorter the melting time, and it is shorter on steel melt than on slag. It was found that the reduction rate is controlled by the melting rate at the initial stage of reaction, but after the initial stage, the transfer of chromium oxide controls the overall rate.","PeriodicalId":256362,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114885523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
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