Russian Journal of Geriatric Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Hospital Rapid Geriatric Assessment Scale — a new diagnostic tool for frailty screening","authors":"N. Vorobyeva, I. Malaya, G. Semochkina, Y. Kotovskaya, N. Sharashkina, N. Runikhina, O. Tkacheva","doi":"10.37586/2686-8636-2-2023-111-120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37586/2686-8636-2-2023-111-120","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) is considered a standard screening test for frailty, however certain conditions it requires are frequently inaccessible.Aim. To develop Hospital Rapid Geriatric Assessment Scale (HRGAS) and to evaluate its diagnostic value in frailty screening.  Materials and methods. 408 sequentially hospitalized patients (23% male) aged 60–95 (median 73) years were examined using our specially designed algorithm (HRGAS) that includes 9 items: 1) age; 2) Mini-Cog test; 3) short depression assessment; 4) dynamometry; 5) falls in the past year; 6) mobility; 7) self-feeding ability; 8) urinary incontinence; 9) body mass index. The results were scored from 0 to 3 for age and from 0 to 2 for all other items. Minimum score sum is 0, maximum — 19. Assessment time was approximately 5 minutes. As control SPPB was used for frailty screening. The HRGAS results were compared with SPPB. Results. Based on SPPB, frailty rate was 46,3%, pre-frail — 26%, robust — 27,7%. HRGAS score was ranged from 0 to 14 (median 4, IQR 2–6) and negatively correlated to SPPB score (rS = -0,63; p<0,001). For frailty detection (SPPB score 0–7), ROC-analysis showed AUC 0,815 (95% CI 0,774–0,856), p<0,001, cut-off value ≥5, sensitivity 67,2%, specificity 81,3%, positive prognostic value (PPV) 76,5%, negative prognostic value (NPV) 74,2%, diagnostic accuracy 74,8%. For robust detection (SPPB score 10–12), ROC-analysis showed AUC 0,805 (95% CI 0,761–0,849), p<0,001, cut-off value ≤2, sensitivity 55,8%, specificity 84,1%, PPV 57,3%, NPV 83,2%, diagnostic accuracy 76,2%.  Conclusion. We developed HRGAS and calculated its cut-off values to identify and rule out frailty syndrome: score 0–2 by HRGAS indicate robust, score 3–4 — pre-frail and score ≥5 — frail patients.","PeriodicalId":256357,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Geriatric Medicine","volume":"C-26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126482209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"White Matter Hyperintensities According to Neuroimaging Analysis, Cognitive Impairment and Emotional Disorders: Is There a Link?","authors":"A. A. Govorushina, S. Minakova, A. Kalmykova, A. Turusheva, T. A. Bogdanova","doi":"10.37586/2686-8636-2-2023-121-126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37586/2686-8636-2-2023-121-126","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Cognitive decline is one of leading contributors to the loss of independence in older adults. Therefore, early diagnosis and detection of  potentially modifiable cognitive disorders is  a significant challenge for modern geriatrics.Aim. To assess the relationship between cognitive impairment and presence of leukoareosis through neuroimaging in older adults.Materials and methods. General population cohort study of  102  patients aged 60–98  years treated at  The St. Petersburg Hospital for War Veterans between September and December 2019. Cognitive assessment (The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)), depression (The Geriatric Depression Scale), sleep complaints, subjective cognitive decline, computed tomography (CT) scan.Results. The studied patients were divided into two groups: with the presence of  leukoareosis (n=59) and without leukoareosis (n=43). Patients with leukoareosis had significantly lower total MoCA scores. They performed significantly worse in  domains of  visual–structural skills and attention. As  for MMSE, patients with leukoareosis also performed significantly worse in  repeating a  sentence and descending subtraction task. There was no  statistically significant difference in GDS scores between the two groups. However, patients with leukoareosis significantly more frequently considered their lives less fulfilling and their memory worse. They also abandoned most of their former interests.Conclusion. If  leukoareosis is  detected on  CT scans, it  is necessary to  evaluate cognitive functions; the presence of leukoareosis in patients was associated with an increased risk of cognitive disorders and depression.","PeriodicalId":256357,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Geriatric Medicine","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126193267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrients and Dietary Patterns for Osteoporosis","authors":"E. Ivannikova, E. Dudinskaya, O. Tkacheva","doi":"10.37586/2686-8636-2-2023-92-104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37586/2686-8636-2-2023-92-104","url":null,"abstract":"In order to reduce the risk of falls and fractures in older patients, promoting a healthy lifestyle and ensuring adequate calcium, vitamin D and protein intakes in their diet is of particular importance. When combined with regular exercise and avoiding bad habits such as alcohol and smoking, bone quality improves significantly.Osteoporosis treatment certainly includes the first line in the development and prevention of fractures in older adults, but diet optimization is an equally important component of treatment. This article presents results of the most relevant research to date on the characteristics of nutrition with a decrease in high bone density.","PeriodicalId":256357,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Geriatric Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132496579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"At the turn of geriatrics and oncology: state of the problem","authors":"V. S. Ostapenko, R. Absalyamov","doi":"10.37586/2686-8636-2-2023-86-91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37586/2686-8636-2-2023-86-91","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the increase in the number of older and oldest old patients with cancer, the tactics of their treatment are often suboptimal while the doctor-patient relationship model tends to be paternalistic.Insufficient knowledge in the field of geriatric care among health care providers dealing with cancer patients along with the low representation of older patients in research lead to their vulnerability to both «over- and under-treatment». There is ample evidence to support the superiority of comprehensive geriatric assessment in identifying frail patients at risk of poor outcomes compared to conventional clinical assessment or traditional oncology tools. Planning therapy taking into account the geriatric status and preferences of the patient, allows us to add the best results and satisfaction of aging patients with oncological diseases.","PeriodicalId":256357,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Geriatric Medicine","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114225348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Interval for Oldest-Old Patients with II–III Stage Right Colon Cancer","authors":"P. Tsarkov, V. M. Nekoval, I. Tulina, V. Balaban","doi":"10.37586/2686-8636-2-2023-105-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37586/2686-8636-2-2023-105-110","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: the lack of comprehensive screening programs for colorectal cancer detection in oldest-old steadily leads to an increase in the diagnostic interval (DI), i.e. the time from the patient’s first presentation of complaints until diagnosis and treatment. At the same time, worsening the general somatic condition and developing the decompensation of concomitant diseases. Thus, patients with long-term DI need additional measures while preparing for surgery; the preoperative bed-day increases.Purpose of the study: to evaluate the impact of the diagnostic interval on the short-term results of II and III stages right colon cancer treatment in geriatric patients.Materials and methods: a retrospective multicenter study was conducted at the surgical facilities of Sechenov University from 2006 to 2015. The study included patients aged over 75 who have undergone surgical treatment of II and III stages right colon cancer. The control group comprised patients with CRC diagnosis in the period from 0 to 6 months; the studied group involved patients with a diagnostic interval over than 6 months.Results and conclusions. Analysis of the results revealed that patients older than 80 years had a longer diagnostic interval, which is statistically significant (p<0.001). Prolongation of the diagnostic interval for more than 6 months has shown a decrement in the polymorbidity indicators and operational and anesthetic risk compared with DI≤6 months (p=0.001, p=0.039). Polymorbidity, in particular cardiovascular diseases decompensation, affected the indicators of operational and anesthetic risk on the ASA scale, which were significantly higher in the study group (p=0.039). High level of polymorbidity required a longer preoperative preparation in the studied group, which is statistically significant in comparison with the control group (p=0.018). Statistically significant differences in early postoperative complications rate in both groups were not revealed. 30 and 90 day mortality rates were similar in the studied and control groups (p=0.225, p=0.353). The study has also shown that diagnostic interval (DI) have no effect on the prevalence of II and III stages comparing with the control group (p=0.315).","PeriodicalId":256357,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Geriatric Medicine","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132797432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heart failure clinic: the role of nurses","authors":"K. Eruslanova, I. Malaya, Y. Kotovskaya","doi":"10.37586/2686-8636-1-2023-63-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37586/2686-8636-1-2023-63-66","url":null,"abstract":"Heart failure is one of the most common cardiovascular conditions with a steadily increasing incidence. Management of  such patients only by  general practitioners and cardiologists make it  impossible to  provide high-quality medical care. To ensure multidisciplinary monitoring of heart failure patients in many countries, including Russia, heart failure clinics are actively developing. Specially trained nursing staff play a particular role in the implementation of the clinics’ purposes. Working at Heart Failure Clinic requires advanced training, which in turn determines the priority for the development of  new educational programs and expanding the competencies of  nursing staff in  our country. This article describes the foreign experience of nursing staff in outpatient monitoring of patients with heart failure.","PeriodicalId":256357,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Geriatric Medicine","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114530933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relevance of the use of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in elderly and senile patients","authors":"O. N. Tkacheva, Y. Kotovskaya, N. Runikhina, E. Alimova, M. S. Arefieva, K. Eruslanova, A. V. Rozanov","doi":"10.37586/2686-8636-1-2023-44-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37586/2686-8636-1-2023-44-53","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiopulmonary exercise testing is  a study that provides both prognostic and diagnostic information about the state of the cardiovascular, respiratory systems and metabolic processes allowing us to determine how these systems contribute to a decrease in exercise tolerance. A large number of clinical studies using this method have shown its safety and diagnostic value. However, due to  insufficient education among doctors and little experience, CPNT is currently not widely used in diagnostics, especially in the geriatrics. This review of available literature over the last 10 years is devoted to the relevance of the use of cardiopulmonary exercise testing in older and oldest older patients, the essence and methodology of the study, possible changes in indicators in patients with frailty, chronic heart failure, and diseases of the bronchopulmonary system.","PeriodicalId":256357,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Geriatric Medicine","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129230867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Algorithm for managing older patients with syncope based on the guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology «Syncope» published in the Russian Journal of Cardiology in 2019","authors":"O. Tkacheva, Y. Kotovskaya, K. Eruslanova, E. Alimova","doi":"10.37586/2686-8636-1-2023-67-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37586/2686-8636-1-2023-67-74","url":null,"abstract":"Syncope is a short-term transient loss of consciousness associated with a decrease or cessation of blood supply to the brain. Syncope is one of the causes of falls in older patients, leading to increased hospitalizations and deaths. There is  an  increased  susceptibility to  syncope  with advancing  age and sometimes it  occurs with no  identifiable cause. Orthostatic hypotension, carotid sinus syndrome, neuromediated syncope, structural heart disease, and cardiac arrhythmias are the common contributors to  syncope in  older adults. Given the high risk in  this group of  patients, a structured and integrated approach to the management of older patient with syncope is required. Implementing the algorithm for the management of such patients allows us to evaluate the syncope cause, assess the risk and choose the optimal treatment for older patients.","PeriodicalId":256357,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Geriatric Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132353797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"POSTSCRIPTUM: Protocol of Geriatric Rehabilitation in Patients Aged 60 Years and Older Living in Moscow Boarding houses or Nursing homes. Protocol of Multicentral Prospective Study","authors":"O. Tkacheva, N. Runikhina, I. Malaya, N. Sharashkina, V. S. Ostapenko, Y. Kotovskaya, A. G. Melia, E. Mkhitaryan","doi":"10.37586/2686-8636-1-2023-54-62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37586/2686-8636-1-2023-54-62","url":null,"abstract":"Background: GR  with implementation of  additional geriatric rehabilitation stage has been shown in  a number of  studies to  be efficient in  daily functional activities as  well as  in reducing hospital readmissions and mortality. However, better integration of geriatric care models into clinical practice requires further investigations.Aim: to assess the influence of geriatric rehabilitation on functional activity.Methods: рrotocol POSTSCRIPTUM suggests Multicentral Prospective Study on  different protocols for Geriatric Rehabilitationл in Moscow boarding houses or nursing homes. The study consists of 21-days period of active treatment based on the results of complex geriatric assessment and 12-months follow-up period. The study enrolls patients aged 60 years and older, who have indications for geriatric rehabilitation.Conclusion: POSTSCRIPTUM — the 1st Russian study on efficacy of geriatric rehabilitation programs that based on complex geriatric assessment.","PeriodicalId":256357,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Geriatric Medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125547034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of reperfusion therapy for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in patients older than 75 years","authors":"P. Duplyakova, T. Pavlova, D. Duplyakov","doi":"10.37586/2686-8636-1-2023-39-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37586/2686-8636-1-2023-39-43","url":null,"abstract":"The review analyzes studies on  the efficacy and safety of  reperfusion therapy for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in patients over 75 years of age. Registers data on the positive impact of reperfusion treatments on outcomes in older patients hospitalized with STEMI are given. Particular emphasis is put on the need for prospective studies to determine the optimal tactics for managing older and oldest older patients with STEMI.","PeriodicalId":256357,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Geriatric Medicine","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132307854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}