The Libyan Journal of Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Why should you choose to publish in the Libyan Journal of Medicine?","authors":"Amin Bredan, Hani T S Benamer, Omran Bakoush","doi":"10.3402/ljm.v11.32756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3402/ljm.v11.32756","url":null,"abstract":"No abstract available. (Published: 21 July 2016) Citation: Libyan J Med 2016, 11 : 32756 -http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/ljm.v11.32756","PeriodicalId":256060,"journal":{"name":"The Libyan Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"32756"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2016-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3402/ljm.v11.32756","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34755402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia, and Cryptosporidium spp. in Libya: 2000-2015.","authors":"Khalifa Sifaw Ghenghesh,&nbsp;Khaled Ghanghish,&nbsp;Elloulu T BenDarif,&nbsp;Khaled Shembesh,&nbsp;Ezzadin Franka","doi":"10.3402/ljm.v11.32088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3402/ljm.v11.32088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The intestinal protozoa Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia, and Cryptosporidium spp. are the causative agents of giardiasis, amebiasis, and cryptosporidiosis, respectively. Adequate knowledge of the geographical distribution of parasites and the demographic variables that influence their prevalence is important for effective control of infection in at-risk populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data were obtained by an English language literature search of Medline and PubMed for papers using the search terms 'intestinal parasites and Libya, G. lamblia and Libya, E. histolytica and Libya and Cryptosporidium and Libya' for the period 2000-2015.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data obtained for the period 2000-2015 showed prevalence rates of 0.8-36.6% (mean 19.9%) for E. histolytica/dispar, 1.2-18.2% (mean 4.6%) for G. lamblia and 0.9-13% (mean 3.4%) for Cryptosporidium spp. among individuals in Libya with gastroenteritis (GE). On the other hand, prevalence rates of 0.8-16.3% (mean 8.3%), 1.8-28.8% (mean 4.8%), and 1.0-2.5% (mean=2.4), respectively, were observed for individuals without GE. The mean prevalence rate of E. histolytica/dispar was significantly higher among individuals with GE compared with those without GE (p<0.0000001, OR=2.74). No significant difference in prevalence rate of the three organisms was found according to gender, but most of infections were observed in children aged 10 years or younger.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The reviewed data suggest that E. histolytica, G. lamblia, and Cryptosporidium spp. may play a minor role in GE in Libya. The observed high prevalence rates of E. histolytica/dispar reported from Libya could be due mainly to the non-pathogenic E. dispar and E. moshkovskii. However, more studies are needed in the future using E. histolytica-specific enzyme immunoassays and/or molecular methods to confirm this observation.</p>","PeriodicalId":256060,"journal":{"name":"The Libyan Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"32088"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2016-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3402/ljm.v11.32088","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34690509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of IL-1β and IL-1RN polymorphisms in carcinogenesis of the gastric mucosa in patients infected with Helicobacter pylori in Algeria.","authors":"Amine El-Mokhtar Drici,&nbsp;Soraya Moulessehoul,&nbsp;Abdelkarim Tifrit,&nbsp;Mustapha Diaf,&nbsp;Douidi Kara Turki,&nbsp;Meryem Bachir,&nbsp;Abdenacer Tou","doi":"10.3402/ljm.v11.31576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3402/ljm.v11.31576","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Infection with Helicobacter pylori is considered a potential risk of developing gastric cancer in association with contributing host genetic factor. IL-1β and IL-1RN polymorphisms appear to maintain and promote Helicobacter pylori infection and to stimulate neoplastic growth of the gastric mucosa.</p><p><strong>Objective and methods: </strong>In order to elucidate the effect of these polymorphisms in combination with gastric cancer in a population from northwestern Algeria, a case-control study was carried out on 79 patients infected with H. pylori with chronic atrophic gastritis and/or gastric carcinoma, and 32 subjects were recruited as case-control. IL-1β-31 bi-allelic and IL-1β-511 bi-allelic polymorphisms and IL-1RN penta-allelic were genotyped.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IL-1β-31C was associated with an increased risk of developing gastric carcinoma (OR=4.614 [1.43-14.81], p=0.01). However, IL-1RN2 heterozygous allele type was significantly associated with chronic atrophic gastritis (OR=4.2 [1.23-3.61], p=0.022). IL-1β-511T was associated with an increased risk of development of chronic atrophic gastritis (OR=4.286 [1.54-11.89], p=0.005).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IL-1β and IL-1RN polymorphisms associated with H. pylori infection contribute to the development of chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric carcinomas in an Algerian population. The alleles IL-1β-31C and IL-1RN were associated with an increased risk of developing gastric carcinoma, and IL-1β-511T with an increased risk of developing chronic atrophic gastritis with no significant association of developing gastric carcinoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":256060,"journal":{"name":"The Libyan Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"31576"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2016-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3402/ljm.v11.31576","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34608034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Email communication in a developing country: different family physician and patient perspectives","authors":"Nisrine N Makarem, Jumana Antoun","doi":"10.3402/ljm.v11.32679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3402/ljm.v11.32679","url":null,"abstract":"Background Email communication between physicians and patients could improve access to and delivery of health care. Most of the literature studies about email communication between physicians and patients have been conducted in developing countries. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the practices, attitudes, and barriers of both physicians’ and patients’ use of email within the same health care setting of a developing country. Methods A cross-sectional paper-based survey was conducted among 39 physicians and 500 patients at the Family Medicine clinics of the American University of Beirut, a tertiary academic medical center. Results Most of the surveyed patients and physicians reported that they would like to communicate through email and agreed that it is useful. However, only 19% of the patients have ever communicated with their physicians via email, and only 5.1% of physicians have often communicated with their patients via email. Almost half of the patients surveyed were unaware of the possibility of this form of communication, and only 17% reported that their physician offered them his or her email address. In addition, physicians and patients did not agree on the services to be provided by email communication. For instance, almost half of the patients indicated consultation for an urgent medical matter as suitable for email communication. Conclusion The use of email communication in health care is still scarce. Patients and physicians have different perspectives of its use and importance. Further rigorous research is needed to clarify the advantages and disadvantages of this form of communication, especially in the developing world. Interested physicians are encouraged to establish appropriate personal policies for email communication with adequate announcement and patient education plans.","PeriodicalId":256060,"journal":{"name":"The Libyan Journal of Medicine","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129448187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of levosimendan on myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats","authors":"H. A. Kiraz, F. Poyraz, G. Kip, Ö. Erdem, M. Alkan, M. Arslan, A. Özer, V. Şıvgın, F. Çomu","doi":"10.3402/ljm.v10.29269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3402/ljm.v10.29269","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is an important cause of myocardial damage by means of oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic mechanisms. The aim of the present study was to examine the potential cardio protective effects of levosimendan in a diabetic rat model of myocardial I/R injury. Methods A total of 18 streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar Albino rats (55 mg/kg) were randomly divided into three equal groups as follows: the diabetic I/R group (DIR) in which myocardial I/R was induced following left thoracotomy, by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery for 60 min, followed by 2 h of reperfusion; the diabetic I/R levosimendan group (DIRL), which underwent I/R by the same method while taking levosimendan intraperitoneal 12 µg kg−1; and the diabetic control group (DC) which underwent sham operations without tightening of the coronary sutures. As a control group (C), six healthy age-matched Wistar Albino rats underwent sham operations similar to the DC group. Two hours after the operation, the rats were sacrificed and the myocardial tissue samples were examined by light microscopy for evidence of myonecrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration. Results Myonecrosis findings were significantly different among groups (p=0.008). Myonecrosis was more pronounced in the DIR group compared with the C, DC, and DIRL groups (p=0.001, p=0.007 and p=0.037, respectively). Similarly, the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration showed significant difference among groups (p<0.0001). Compared with C, DC, and DIRL groups, the inflammatory cell infiltration was significantly higher among the DIR group (p<0.0001, p<0.0001, and p=0.020, respectively). Also, myocardial tissue edema was significantly different among groups (p=0.006). The light microscopic myocardial tissue edema levels were significantly higher in the DIR group than the C, DC, and DIRL groups (p=0.001, p=0.037, and p=0.014, respectively). Conclusion Taken together, our data indicate that levosimendan may be helpful in reducing myocardial necrosis, myocardial inflammation, and myocardial tissue edema resulting from ischemia–reperfusion injury.","PeriodicalId":256060,"journal":{"name":"The Libyan Journal of Medicine","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132739016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LJM Acknowledges its Reviewers.","authors":"Omran Bakoush","doi":"10.3402/ljm.v10.27700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3402/ljm.v10.27700","url":null,"abstract":"No abstract available. (Published: 13 March 2015) Citation: Libyan J Med 2015, 10 : 27700 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/ljm.v10.27700","PeriodicalId":256060,"journal":{"name":"The Libyan Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"27700"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3402/ljm.v10.27700","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34861903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The analgesic effect of different antidepressants combined with aspirin on thermally induced pain in Albino mice.","authors":"Abdalla S Elhwuegi,&nbsp;Kalthom M Hassan","doi":"10.3402/ljm.v7i0.17251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3402/ljm.v7i0.17251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Combination analgesics provide more effective pain relief for a broader spectrum of pain. This research examines the possible potentiation of the analgesic effect of different classes of antidepressants when combined with aspirin in thermal model of pain using Albino mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Different groups of six animals each were injected intraperitoneally by different doses of aspirin (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg), imipramine (2.5, 7.5, 15 or 30 mg/kg), fluoxetine (1.25, 2.5, 5 or 7.5 mg/kg), mirtazapine (1.25, 2.5, or 5 mg/kg) and a combination of a fixed dose of aspirin (100 mg/kg) with the different doses of the three antidepressants. One hour later the analgesic effect of these treatments were evaluated against thermally induced pain. All data were subjected to statistical analysis using unpaired Student's t-test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Aspirin had no analgesic effect in thermally induced pain. The three selected antidepressants produced dose dependent analgesia. The addition of a fixed dose of aspirin to imipramine significantly increased the reaction time (RT) of the lowest dose (by 23%) and the highest dose (by 20%). The addition of the fixed dose of aspirin to fluoxetine significantly increased RT by 13% of the dose 2.5 mg/kg. Finally, the addition of the fixed dose of aspirin significantly potentiated the antinociceptive effect of the different doses of mirtazapine (RT was increased by 24, 54 and 38% respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combination of aspirin with an antidepressant might produce better analgesia, increasing the efficacy of pain management and reduces side effects by using smaller doses of each drug.</p>","PeriodicalId":256060,"journal":{"name":"The Libyan Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3402/ljm.v7i0.17251","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40180450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Over-expression of HER-2 is associated with the stage in carcinomas of the urinary bladder.","authors":"Khaled El Gehani,&nbsp;Lamia Al-Kikhia,&nbsp;Fatma Emaetig,&nbsp;Kari Syrjänen,&nbsp;Omran Al-Fituri,&nbsp;Adam Elzagheid","doi":"10.3402/ljm.v7i0.14694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3402/ljm.v7i0.14694","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The frequency of over-expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) in bladder cancer is one of the highest among all human malignancies. This over-expression is thought to play a role in aberrant proliferation of cancer cells. Studies on HER-2 expression in bladder carcinoma have shown heterogeneous results.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of the study was to evaluate the status of HER-2 protein expression in patients with invasive carcinomas of the urinary bladder as related to tumor grade and stage.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Archival samples from 39 patients (6 women, 33 males) with urinary bladder cancer were analyzed for HER-2 over-expression, using immunohistochemistry with the HercepTest.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HER-2 over-expression was observed in 23/39 tumors (59%) and was more frequent in high-grade than in low-grade carcinomas, but the difference was not statistically significant. A significant correlation was established between HER-2 over-expression and tumor stage (p=0.011). HER-2 expression was more frequent in transitional cell carcinomas (TCC) and adenocarcinomas (AC) as compared with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Patients' age and sex were not related to HER-2 over-expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Over-expression of HER-2 was frequent in carcinomas of the urinary bladder. Knowing the HER-2 status would be helpful in formulating a rational treatment strategy for patients with urinary bladder cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":256060,"journal":{"name":"The Libyan Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3402/ljm.v7i0.14694","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40156344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early ambulation and discharge after four French femoral artery catheterisation for diagnostic coronary angiography.","authors":"Vince Gatt,&nbsp;Michael Borg,&nbsp;John Agius,&nbsp;Albert Fenech,&nbsp;Victor Grech","doi":"10.3402/ljm.v7i0.18376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3402/ljm.v7i0.18376","url":null,"abstract":"One of the bottlenecks experienced by cardiac catheterisation laboratories is the amount of time that patients must remain on the unit after femoral artery puncture. This remains a contentious issue and there are a few studies to guide units with regard to how early it is possible to safely ambulate and discharge patients home. (Published: 20 April 2012) Citation: Libyan J Med 2012, 7 : 18376 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/ljm.v7i0.18376","PeriodicalId":256060,"journal":{"name":"The Libyan Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3402/ljm.v7i0.18376","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40180451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) as new antimicrobial agents against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.","authors":"Momen Askoura,&nbsp;Walid Mottawea,&nbsp;Turki Abujamel,&nbsp;Ibrahim Taher","doi":"10.3402/ljm.v6i0.5870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3402/ljm.v6i0.5870","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic human pathogen and one of the leading causes of nosocomial infections worldwide. The difficulty in treatment of pseudomonas infections arises from being multidrug resistant (MDR) and exhibits resistance to most antimicrobial agents due to the expression of different mechanisms overcoming their effects. Of these resistance mechanisms, the active efflux pumps in Pseudomonas aeruginosa that belong to the resistance nodulation division (RND) plays a very important role in extruding the antibiotics outside the bacterial cells providing a protective means against their antibacterial activity. Beside its role against the antimicrobial agents, these pumps can extrude biocides, detergents, and other metabolic inhibitors. It is clear that efflux pumps can be targets for new antimicrobial agents. Peptidomimetic compounds such as phenylalanine arginyl β-naphthylamide (PAβN) have been introduced as efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs); their mechanism of action is through competitive inhibition with antibiotics on the efflux pump resulting in increased intracellular concentration of antibiotic, hence, restoring its antibacterial activity. The advantage of EPIs is the difficulty to develop bacterial resistance against them, but the disadvantage is their toxic property hindering their clinical application. The structure activity relationship of these compounds showed other derivatives from PAβN that are higher in their activity with higher solubility in biological fluids and decreased toxicity level. This raises further questions on how can we compact Pseudomonas infections. Of particular importance, the recent resurgence in the use of older antibiotics such as polymyxins and probably applying stricter control measures in order to prevent their spread in clinical sittings.</p>","PeriodicalId":256060,"journal":{"name":"The Libyan Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2011-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3402/ljm.v6i0.5870","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40093866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}