Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, "Economics" Series最新文献

{"title":"ECONOMIC SECURITY ENDOGENOUS FACTORS' ANALYSIS IN THE MODERN MEASURE","authors":"L. Levkovska, O. Dobryanskyy","doi":"10.25264/2311-5149-2022-26(54)-4-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2022-26(54)-4-8","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines modern features of the economic security factors formation at the micro level. The specifics of the division of factors affecting the economic security of economic entities into internal and external ones have been determined, and the specifics and nature of internal threats to economic security have also been clarified The importance of the influence of internal factors of the economic security of enterprises on the effectiveness of their functioning and the success of the market struggle is determined. The criteria for the division of economic security factors according to their individual directions have been determined, and the importance of comprehensive consideration of the influence of all factors in connection with the cumulative effect of their action has been proven. The modern specificity of the transformation of economic security factors of business entities is determined, which is connected with the general changes taking place in the global economic system under the influence of the intensive introduction of modern digital and information technologies into the practice of enterprises. The classification of potential dangers and threats to the economic security of economic entities, which are defined as endogenous factors, is considered and their essential characteristics are determined. It is proven that depending on the field of activity and the market situation, the influence of various factors on the economic security of the enterprise is determined in different ways, since in such conditions the level of influence on security has an individual character for each individual enterprise. It has been proven that threats to the economic security of economic entities change depending on the type of their activity. Therefore, each enterprise will have its own system of threats specific to this enterprise. In this regard, it has been proven that the main task of company managers, based on the specific situation in which the economic entity will find itself, is to identify the most dangerous threats and develop an effective system of measures aimed at their timely detection, prevention or mitigation.","PeriodicalId":254090,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, \"Economics\" Series","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130549994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF SMALL BUSINESS ENTERPRISES INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES MANAGEMENT","authors":"N. Kondratenko, H. Zaporozhets, V. Dogadina","doi":"10.25264/2311-5149-2022-26(54)-24-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2022-26(54)-24-29","url":null,"abstract":"The article defines the problems and prospects of managing the investment activities of small business enterprises. It was established that a small business as an object of management is a very complex, dynamic, socio-economic, production, organizational and technical system that is open to the influence of the external environment. It was noted that today the investment activity of an enterprise or organization is possible under the condition of innovative development and the spread of innovative processes within the framework of an individual enterprise. The formation of the innovations investment support system for the organization is a set of actions to ensure all types of innovations and innovation processes carried out at the enterprise. The basic principles of small business enterprises are defined. It is noted that the management of investment activities of small business enterprises in Ukraine is a rather complex process, as all business entities are forced to overcome a large number of macroeconomic obstacles, the main reason of which is ineffective financial policy, excessive tax pressure and other restrictions established at the legislative level. Thus, today there is an urgent need to improve the management of investment activities of small business enterprises, as an important factor in the sustainable growth of the country's economy, which provides the basis for the formation and expansion of the economic potential of the national economy of Ukraine. The conducted research made it possible to generalize the problems and determine the prospects of managing the investment activities of small enterprises.It was concluded that, taking into account the unprofitability of the majority of small business enterprises in the conditions of martial law and financial crisis, it is expedient to create and ensure a favorable investment climate, the development of innovation and investment activities, which will certainly contribute to the positive dynamics of socio-economic development and the possibility of modernization of the national economy.","PeriodicalId":254090,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, \"Economics\" Series","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125262217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FINANCIAL SECTOR OF UKRAINE: FUNCTIONING IN THE CONDITIONS OF WAR","authors":"N. Moroz, Ye.D. Moroz","doi":"10.25264/2311-5149-2022-26(54)-95-100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2022-26(54)-95-100","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the trends in the functioning of the financial sector of Ukraine in wartime conditions. A full-scale war has led to a deep crisis, the consequences of which will be long-lasting and significant for the financial sector. The activity of banking institutions maintains continuity, liquidity and continues lending, although it has become unprofitable. A major role in this was played by the National Bank of Ukraine, which has been reforming the banking system since 2015, and made a timely response to changing circumstances. Non-bank financial institutions turned out to be significantly more vulnerable to operational risk and a significant number of them were forced to cease their activities. The NBU introduced regulatory relaxations to facilitate the operation of banks and non-bank financial institutions under martial law. The regulator has taken the necessary measures to support the financial sector, then each market participant must ensure the support and recovery of their activities. Further recommendations regarding the support of the financial sector by the state (increasing the volume of state concessional lending to businesses; increasing the volume of lending to the government; legislative settlement of issues related to loss, damage to property of borrowers of funds as a result of military operations; legislative settlement of issues regarding the possibility of suspending the activities of credit unions that have financial problems for the period of martial law), by the regulator (strengthening financial monitoring of financial market participants; prompt and flexible response to changes in market conditions) and financial institutions (improvement of credit risk assessment approaches to make them commensurate with the depth of the current crisis; adaptation of business models to current operating conditions; improvement of cyber protection systems; timely preparation and submission of reports to the NBU, informing the regulator about the risks of violating the requirements for financial indicators) are outlined.","PeriodicalId":254090,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, \"Economics\" Series","volume":"196 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121069620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ESTIMATION OF SME CREDIT RISKS BY DATA MINING METHODS","authors":"A. Matviychuk, Olha Artiukh","doi":"10.25264/2311-5149-2022-26(54)-114-120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2022-26(54)-114-120","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to solving the scientific and practical problem of modeling credit risks of borrowers of commercial banks – small and medium enterprises (SME). SME lending in Ukraine is characterized by high risk but the need for lending is increasing and essential, which is due to the socio-economic importance of SMEs. That is why there is a need to use methods and models of intelligent data analysis. Using data mining methods, that are perceptron-type neural networks, logistic regressions and decision trees, researched and analyzed in this paper. The database of bank borrowers was used for the research. In particular, 21 financial and economic indicators of enterprise activity were used for modeling. The article carries out a comparative effectiveness analysis of these tools in solving stated problem. During the research, the general population of data was randomly divided into a general and a test sample, and each of them kept the proportion of default units. The experimental calculations demonstrated the greatest suitability for assessing the risks of lending of enterprises the AI methods, namely neural nets of perceptron type. To compare the results of the models, the following values were used: common accuracy, AUC, GINI, specificity, sensitivity. The most significant parameters for the models are also indicated. The study results in recommendations for the application of the built scoring model in banking in order to reduce the level of SME credit operations riskiness.","PeriodicalId":254090,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, \"Economics\" Series","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132577702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FINANCIAL MECHANISM OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN ENSURING THE INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINIAN ENTERPRISES","authors":"M. Krupka, Maria Ruschyshyn","doi":"10.25264/2311-5149-2022-26(54)-85-94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2022-26(54)-85-94","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the financial mechanism of public-private partnership in ensuring the innovative development of enterprises. The interpretation of the concepts of public-private partnership by different authors is given, the advantages and economic, financial and social benefits and responsibilities of participants are given. The general and specific features of public-private partnership are outlined, the spheres of its application in innovative support of enterprise development are analyzed, and the main risks arising in the process of public-private partnership projects are clarified. The list of favorable conditions that determine the success of the public-private partnership projects' development and implementation is identified. The innovative aspects of public-private partnership are highlighted and the financial mechanism of this partnership in ensuring the innovative development of domestic enterprises is characterized. It is established that public-private partnership in the field of innovation and investment is considered as a new technology for the development of enterprises and the state economy. The purpose of the study is to determine the nature and components of the financial mechanism of public-private partnership in ensuring the innovative development of enterprises. The object of research is the main public-private partnership financial mechanism tools for enterprises' innovative development in Ukraine. To achieve this goal, various methods of scientific research are used: systematic, empirical research and analysis and synthesis. The results of the study made it possible to determine the essence of the concepts of \"public-private partnership\", \"financial mechanism of public-private partnership\". The main instruments of the financial mechanism of public-private partnership in ensuring the innovative development of Ukrainian enterprises are highlighted.","PeriodicalId":254090,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, \"Economics\" Series","volume":"140 20","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120820381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MANAGEMENT METHODS FOR THE ENTERPRISES’ FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN RURAL AREAS","authors":"S. Davydchuk","doi":"10.25264/2311-5149-2022-26(54)-10-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2022-26(54)-10-17","url":null,"abstract":"In the modern conditions of transformation of entrepreneurship in rural areas, management of financial and economic activities of enterprises is a dynamic process that requires the use of modern methods and concepts that could increase competitiveness and efficiency of activity, as well as neutralize possible negative consequences of the influence of external environmental factors. The lack of their clear classification makes it difficult to choose the appropriate methods, taking into account the needs and goals of a particular enterprise. Based on the literature review and the implementation of the method of decomposition, the article defines the nature of the term «management methods for the enterprises’ financial and economic activities in rural areas». It also describes the management methods for an enterprise and the financial and economic activities of business entities. Taking into account the methods of comparative assessment, a set of management methods has been created. Business entities located in rural areas of Ukraine can use it to manage their financial and economic activities. The article has focused on the comparative assessment of special methods (change management methods) in the context of their implementation to manage the enterprises’ financial and economic activities in rural areas of the country. It is clarified that the set of concepts presented in the article should be aimed at optimizing business processes and improving the quality of production activities and form separate cycles of improving the mechanism of managing the financial and economic activities of the enterprise, as a result, the improvement process itself becomes permanent.","PeriodicalId":254090,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, \"Economics\" Series","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125307977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"APPLICATION OF THE (R, S) MODEL WHEN PLANNING STOCKS IN AN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE","authors":"A. Kulyk","doi":"10.25264/2311-5149-2022-26(54)-37-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2022-26(54)-37-42","url":null,"abstract":"One of the current problems in the enterprise management system is the creation and replenishment of stocks, the organization of continuous monitoring and prompt supply of raw materials. Using mathematical models, you can solve the problem of forming the optimal production program of the enterprise, investing in production, as well as to carry out strategic planning of enterprise development. In each case, it is important to build a model that describes the system under study, and on its basis to find the optimal ratio between costs and benefits of the selected level of stocks and determine what size stocks are sufficient. Correct inventory management allows you to maintain the production process and meet the needs of consumers in a timely manner. The purpose of this study is to build a model with a system with fully backordering, which is the optimal value of the stock level and the amount of average quarterly costs, which corresponds to the optimal value. Research methods are based on a probabilistic model of management approach for the enterprise. The method of building a model of inventory management system with periodic inspections was used, which found the average values of the intensity of demand for raw materials, unit costs and the cost of order verification. Depending on the initial values of the parameters, the optimal reserve of the quarterly stock is calculated, which corresponds to the given demand intensity. The study concludes on the value of the optimal level of stocks, as well as the average cost for the period corresponding to the regulatory level of stock.","PeriodicalId":254090,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, \"Economics\" Series","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117218157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FORMING OF MUTUALLY BENEFICIAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CLIENTS AND INSURANCE COMPANIES","authors":"M. Khutorna","doi":"10.25264/2311-5149-2022-26(54)-107-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2022-26(54)-107-112","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. In the conditions of rapid digitalization of almost all spheres of social life, insurance companies are trying to rebuild their management to meet the requirements of the modern world. In particular, insurers actively use modern, innovative methods of attracting and retaining customers with the aim of forming an effective system of mutually beneficial relations. Each insurance company uses a variety of approaches to build mutually beneficial relationships with customers, with an emphasis on both initial customer acquisition and retention and maintaining high customer loyalty. The main goal of companies is usually to make a profit, with the only difference that it is not a one-time profit, but a sustainable profit over prolonged period. The purpose. The purpose of the article is to develop approaches to the formation of mutually beneficial relations with clients of insurance companies in order to maintain consumer value and identify the main business processes that ensure the success of the insurance company's operation. Results. The article considers approaches to the management of insurance companies and substantiates the need to integrate market and resource approaches, which allows insurance companies to identify individual customer profiles, attract the necessary resources and transform established business processes in accordance with consumer requests and market requirements. At the same time, the core of this management concept is the value of the client and the relationship with him. The paper presents the main components of insurance company value formation. It has been proven that the construction of mutually beneficial relations with clients is a systematic process of formation, development and maintenance of valuable relationships, or in other words, interactive and mutually beneficial processes between the insurance company and the consumer with a focus on multiple transactions. The main economic arguments in terms of constructing mutually beneficial relations with clients include: easier retention of existing clients than attracting new ones; the ability to obtain higher profits under the condition of maintaining loyal customers due to the formation of potential long-term benefits. It is substantiated that the construction of mutually beneficial relations with customers should be formed according to a systemic approach and presented as the construction of a complete system consisting of market, organizational and financial elements. Conclusions. In order to build mutually beneficial relations between the insurer and the insured, the insurance company should focus its attention on the following key aspects: effective management; optimal pricing; rational underwriting, which should be aimed at assessing those risks that are not amenable to the automatic assessment process; helping agents assess complex and unique risks; analysis of the insurance portfolio from the standpoint of identifying unsatisfactory results and area","PeriodicalId":254090,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, \"Economics\" Series","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128241401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MODERN PARADIGM OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT MECHANISMS OF THE ENERGY COMPANIES' DEVELOPMENT","authors":"V. Shvedkyi","doi":"10.25264/2311-5149-2022-26(54)-51-57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2022-26(54)-51-57","url":null,"abstract":"The article defines the essence of strategic management of the energy company development and reveals its features in the energy sector. It is noted that the mechanisms of strategic management of the development of energy companies, in contrast to the mechanisms of tactical and operational management, include not only interacting elements in the form of management methods, methods and functions, but also strategies, procedures for their adjustment in the process of changes in the organization, defined and set goals , which meet modern challenges and allow to gain competitive advantages. The strategic management mechanisms of the energy companies development include infrastructural support; information provision and security; organizational support; regulatory and legal support; pricing; financial support; strategic development planning; energy saving motivation, etc. Infrastructural support in the energy sector is formed by transport operators and energy distribution systems. Information support is an effective mechanism of the strategic management system of energy companies development, the strengthening of which will allow to substantiate energy-efficient management decisions, contributes to their transparency, efficiency, consistency and timeliness. Organizational support of the energy sector of Ukraine is carried out by authorities that perform the following strategic management functions: development and implementation of strategic development policy and strategic concepts; development management of state-owned energy companies; regulation of the development of energy companies and the energy sector in general; coordination of activities in matters of energy security; organization of efficient production and use of energy resources in communities and regions. The scheme of regulatory and legal support for the development of energy companies of Ukraine in the context of strategic management is given. When considering pricing, the possibility of introducing a tariff based on the regulatory base of assets, or RAB-tariff, is being considered. Investigating financial support in the strategic management system, it is noted that the energy company must have a stable financial position, because the indicator of financial stability is a guarantor of reliability and invested funds return for investors. When considering the optimal financial support of energy companies, attention is drawn to the expediency of organizing a strategic planning system. Among the organizational and economic mechanisms of strategic management of the development of energy companies, the motivation of energy saving is singled out in order to stimulate and support the behavioral activity of employees in the direction of energy saving.","PeriodicalId":254090,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, \"Economics\" Series","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121475966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"APPLYING STOCHASTIC EVOLUTIONARY EQUATIONS WITH MARKOV-SWITCHING MODELS IN NON-CLASSICAL APPROXIMATION SCHEMES TO CONSTRUCT AND ANALYSE THE INFORMATION STRUGGLE MODEL","authors":"A. Nikitin, Yurii Kotsiuk, Oleksandra Savchuk","doi":"10.25264/2311-5149-2022-26(54)-121-131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2022-26(54)-121-131","url":null,"abstract":"Analysis of the state of the art asymptotic properties of stochastic evolution models reveals that a complete theory is still to be worked out. Well understood are the deterministic models and stochastic ones which are given by differential equations, in particular with Markov switchings and perturbations in the classical schemes of averaging or diffusion approximation. Thus, it seems natural to develop a theory of evolution equations with Markov switchings and random perturbations in nonclassical approximation schemes. We consider stochastic equations with Markov switchings and impulse perturbations under the conditions of Levy and Poisson approximation. The results obtained in the present research may be divided into two parts. In the first part, we consider some prelimit evolution models with a small normalization parameter. We find the form of the limit generators for the impulse processes and the dynamical system in the schemes of the Poisson approximation and the Levy approximation. It is important that in this part of the thesis the asymptotic behavior of the limit process is concluded with the help of the analysis of parameters of the prelimit system. Further, in the second part we explore, analyze and provide the peculiarities of constructing the information struggle model described by such stochastic evolution. The new pattern is decoded as the effect of rare events quickly changing certain perceptions of a large number of people. As a result, the number of supporters of different ideas makes stochastic jumps, which one can see using non-classical approximation schemes.","PeriodicalId":254090,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, \"Economics\" Series","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127186370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}