Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, "Economics" Series最新文献

{"title":"INCREASING THE ROLE OF BANKING INSTITUTIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SECURITIES MARKET IN UKRAINE","authors":"Andrii Buriachenko, Yurii Botsman","doi":"10.25264/2311-5149-2023-30(58)-35-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2023-30(58)-35-40","url":null,"abstract":"It is noted that the concept of liquidity in the securities market has a slightly different meaning compared to the concepts of liquidity in securities, banks, or enterprises. Over the years of research, the liquidity of the securities market has been defined in various ways, depending on the specific characteristics under examination. It has been established that businesses accumulate surplus monetary resources (savings) from the public through institutional investors such as pension funds, insurance companies, commercial banks, and investment institutes, converting these resources into investments. The government implements its credit and monetary policies through the issuance of state securities. Fiscal and monetary policies, in turn, serve as tools employed by the government to regulate the interactions of participants in the stock market. Overall, the economic policy of the state, as expressed in the balance between state investments and state consumption, plays a role in determining the wage levels in the public sector, influencing investment opportunities, business needs, and the level of savings among the population. It is argued that in modern studies, the concept of market liquidity is considered in the context of a specific issuance of securities, with the primary focus on the ability to quickly complete a substantial transaction (involving a significant volume of securities) and its impact on the market price of the specific security issue in question. Moreover, the liquidity of a particular issuance of securities is somewhat interconnected with the overall liquidity of securities since the rapid completion of a substantial transaction with minimal impact on the market price is linked to the investor's ability to quickly sell the security at a reasonable cost. The market density of a specific security issue reveals how much the supply and demand prices (current quotations) of those securities deviate from the average market price. In a liquid market, there is only a minor deviation between supply and demand prices, implying that significant transactions have limited influence on the market price. When determining market density, the spreads between bid and ask prices are often employed, which represent the difference between the asking (selling) and bidding (buying) prices of a specific security issue (the asking price is higher than the bidding price). Generally, the smaller the spread between bid and ask prices, the more liquid the market is, particularly when there is a substantial number of bid submissions.","PeriodicalId":254090,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, \"Economics\" Series","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139335248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TOKENIZATION OF FINANCIAL ASSETS AS AN INNOVATIVE DIRECTION OF FINANCIAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT","authors":"Yanina Belinska, Svitlana Onyshko, Rostyslav Dyuk","doi":"10.25264/2311-5149-2023-30(58)-22-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2023-30(58)-22-29","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the basic principles of applying the technology of tokenization of financial assets, which is gaining popularity in the sectors of business analytics, fintech, e-commerce, and many others, with the aim of transforming capital markets. It considers the types of tokenization and their corresponding characteristics, reveals the algorithm for issuing a tokenized asset, and systematizes the positive and negative consequences of using tokenization in the process of circulation of financial assets in terms of individual subjects of the financial market. On this basis, it identifies restraining factors of the use of tokenization technology and the development of the tokenized financial market as a strategic direction of its development.","PeriodicalId":254090,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, \"Economics\" Series","volume":"266 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139335263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VECTORS OF CAPITAL INVESTMENTS OF UKRAINIAN ENTERPRISES IN THE PRE-WAR PERIOD","authors":"Olha Kryvytska, Myroslava Bratash","doi":"10.25264/2311-5149-2023-30(58)-15-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2023-30(58)-15-20","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the volume of capital investments of Ukrainian enterprises in terms of types of economic activity. Attention is focused on determining the concentration of capital investments of Ukrainian enterprises in terms of types of economic activity. The ranking of Ukrainian enterprises in terms of types of economic activity by the volume of capital investments in the pre-war period (for 2012-2021) was carried out. Based on the ranking of the types of economic activity of Ukrainian enterprises by the volume of capital investments, it was established that the leading positions are occupied by industry and agriculture, forestry and fisheries. The smallest amount of capital investments during the studied period was directed to education and the provision of other types of services. In the course of the conducted research, it was established that the volume of capital investments during the last ten years of the pre-war period had a stable tendency to increase. The only exceptions were 2014 (annexation of Crimea and parts of the Donetsk and Luhansk regions) and 2020 (the start of the Covid 19 pandemic), however, the rapid adaptation to challenges and threats by enterprises of almost all types of economic activity already in the following years contributed to the emergence of growing trends . The fact that Ukrainian enterprises managed to adapt to the mentioned challenges and threats in a short period of time, practically within a year, and already in the next year after the crisis to reach the volume of capital investments in the amounts observed before the crisis was noted as positive. The three leaders in the development of capital investments during the studied period were enterprises of wholesale and retail trade, agriculture, forestry and fishing, and industrial enterprises led it. Entrepreneurship entities in the educational sphere are the least interested in capital investments.","PeriodicalId":254090,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, \"Economics\" Series","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139335029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FEATURES OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES OF CAPITAL MARKETS PARTICIPANTS","authors":"Yuliia Kovalenko, Volodymyr Korneev, Yanina Belinska","doi":"10.25264/2311-5149-2023-30(58)-55-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2023-30(58)-55-63","url":null,"abstract":"Further development and intensification of investment activity in the capital markets are among the main factors behind Ukraine's intensive economic growth. Increased volumes of transactions with financial assets and other liabilities in the capital markets in the economic cycle lead to a natural interest of different groups of investors in these markets, in particular, the money market, as well as the securities and derivatives markets. At present, the capital markets of Ukraine are underdeveloped and lag far behind other markets of leading countries, failing to fulfill their main function—investment. The purpose of this article is to substantiate the theoretical and methodological foundations of investment activity of various groups of capital market participants. It is determined that the main subjects of capital markets are investors—individuals and legal entities that manage investment resources and purchase financial instruments in the capital markets to receive income/profit from investment and/or to acquire certain rights that they grant to owners of financial instruments in accordance with the law. Investors are divided into individual, institutional, and corporate investors. An important step towards studying different investors operating in the capital markets is their classification. Based on a synthesis of the work of Ukrainian and foreign researchers, the author summarizes their classification by the most important features, which are interpreted in various ways, affecting investment activity in the capital markets. Yield/profitability is necessary for attracting financial resources in the capital markets, providing consultations, and covering investment risks in the process of placing and circulating financial instruments. This function is realized by investment financial intermediaries, such as brokers, dealers, and investment banks. The real basis of any investment process is a consistently implemented investment cycle, which consists of stages. Each asset management entity is an integral part of investment processes that have their own goals and interests, without which investors lose their motivation to participate in investment activities, and therefore investment activity decreases at the macro level. Each stage of the asset management process of institutional investors is characterized by the performance of relevant works and operations carried out by various participants in capital markets, which are necessary to meet investment demand through the formation of investment proposals in such markets.","PeriodicalId":254090,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, \"Economics\" Series","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF THE FINANCIAL STABILITY OF ENTERPRISES USING NEURAL NETWORKS","authors":"Oleksandr Kvashuk, Ina Vapriote, Artem Onyskiv","doi":"10.25264/2311-5149-2023-30(58)-76-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2023-30(58)-76-83","url":null,"abstract":"The enterprise is the primary link of the economic system, the stability of which is an important condition for the effective development of the national economy. The sustainability of the enterprise covers a set of factors that allow it to achieve a controlled state of equilibrium and the ability for sustainable economic growth through effective management of activities. The main component of the company's stability is its financial condition, which ensures marketing and personnel stability, promotes the development of production and technical-technological stability, maintains investment stability, and increases the efficiency of the management process. The study describes a neural network-based approach to assessing the financial condition of enterprises, which enables the assessment of the enterprise's financial condition based on its annual financial reports with high accuracy (over 90 percent). The study examined different neural network approaches to analyzing financial data, including the use of different neural network types, training methods, and input parameter selection. The article also examines the influence of various financial indicators on the financial state of the enterprise and suggests using the most significant financial indicators as input parameters for neural networks.","PeriodicalId":254090,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, \"Economics\" Series","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FACTORS AND PREREQUISITES FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE TAX ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION AND FINTECH DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE","authors":"Roksolana Paslavska, Roman Loik, Anatoliy Klek","doi":"10.25264/2311-5149-2023-30(58)-64-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2023-30(58)-64-68","url":null,"abstract":"The fintech system is a relevant and important component of society's life, as it concerns the use of digital technologies in all business processes, including in the field of taxation. Digital technologies in tax administration contribute to more comfortable and convenient interaction between taxpayers and tax authorities, reducing administrative costs, and increasing the efficiency of tax administration. Various means of digitization, such as electronic tax declarations, online payments, electronic receipts and others, make the process of tax administration more transparent and efficient. The article highlights the factors and prerequisites for the development of the fintech system in tax administration in Ukraine. The article describes the main directions of digitalization of the domestic tax administration system. The peculiarities of the functioning of the taxpayer's electronic office, the online service \"Pulse\", the chat-bot \"Infotax\", and the E-excise system are characterized in the article. Perspective directions of digitalization in the field of taxation in Ukraine are defined. This article determined the main advantages and disadvantages of the digitalization of the tax administration system in Ukraine. The reduction of costs for the administration of tax payments and the improvement of the efficiency of the work of tax authorities are the main advantages of the digitalization of tax administration. Significant budget expenditures for the modernization and implementation of digitization projects for the tax administration system are the main disadvantages. The main threat is related to the risk of cyber-attacks on electronic databases and information systems, which can lead to the unauthorized leakage of confidential information about taxpayers and the peculiarities of their economic activities.","PeriodicalId":254090,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, \"Economics\" Series","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139335244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ELECTRONIC DOCUMENT HANDLING IN THE PROCESS OF CONDUCTING ACCOUNTING IN MODERN CONDITIONS","authors":"Solomiia Babinska","doi":"10.25264/2311-5149-2023-30(58)-70-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2023-30(58)-70-74","url":null,"abstract":"In modern conditions, digitalization is one of the key factors of economic growth. Taking into account the experience of previous years (the coronavirus pandemic, the beginning of military operations in Ukraine), it can be seen that during a crisis, business entities must quickly adapt to work challenges and adjust their work model to today's requirements. Many business entities prepare financial statements in electronic form, but this is rarely the case for formation of primary accounting documents. The main purpose of the primary document is to confirm the implementation of a certain business transaction at the enterprise. Therefore, the availability of the primary accounting document is a mandatory and important component of the document flow as a whole. In turn, an electronic document should be understood as a document in which information is recorded in an electronic format. However, it should be noted that the requirements for the electronic primary document remain the same as for the paper one, with the preservation of all the necessary details. That is why this article considers the essence of electronic document flow in the accounting process. It researches the main legislative and regulatory acts that ensure the organization of electronic document circulation, in particular primary accounting documents in Ukraine, and their essence. The article defines the main grounds on which the electronic primary document is considered valid and provisions regarding the order of their preservation, requirements of names of the files in which they are saved. It gives opportunities provided by an electronic document management system in modern conditions. The article considers advantages (much higher speed of information dissemination, reduction of paper circulation, cost savings, protection of documents from unauthorized access, etc.) and disadvantages (the need for a high level of protection against unauthorized access to electronic accounting documents, significant cost for the formation of resource support for the operation of electronic document circulation, a high probability of loss of electronic accounting documents in case of spread of viruses, etc.) of the electronic document management system in the accounting process.","PeriodicalId":254090,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, \"Economics\" Series","volume":"27 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BUDGETARY AND TAX TOOLS FOR STIMULATING INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY DIGITALIZATION","authors":"Petro Povroznyk","doi":"10.25264/2311-5149-2023-30(58)-4-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2023-30(58)-4-13","url":null,"abstract":"With a deep conviction that innovation is a key driver of economic development, this study explores the essence of the concept of innovative entrepreneurship and the role of the state in stimulating it through budgetary and tax instruments. Fiscal and budgetary instruments encompass a set of measures employed by the state to ensure the appropriate level of financing for specific sectors of the economy and to regulate the relationship between taxpayers and the state budget. In order to identify problems and propose solutions, an analysis of the level of innovation-active enterprises in Ukraine was conducted, and the structure of expenses for innovation management by sources of financing was examined. The primary budgetary and tax measures to stimulate innovative entrepreneurship in Ukraine are outlined. Based on the analysis, recommendations are presented to enhance the effectiveness of using budgetary and tax instruments to stimulate innovative entrepreneurship, which can contribute to ensuring the sustainable development of the national economy in the face of global technological changes and digitalization. The balanced and coordinated application of budget and tax stimulation tools, guided by a well-considered strategic vision of Ukraine's state policy measures, is one of the challenges of the current phase of economic and societal transformation in the context of ongoing challenges, including war. Prospects for future scientific research lie in a more in-depth examination of the possibilities of utilizing tax incentives, considering existing contradictions and debates, as well as grant support to foster innovative entrepreneurship and ensure the growth of the national economy amidst current security threats in Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":254090,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, \"Economics\" Series","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139335130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DIRECTIONS FOR IMPROVING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE STATE FINANCIAL POLICY OF INTENSIFICATION INVESTMENT ACTIVITY IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION","authors":"Oleksandr Vilchynskyi","doi":"10.25264/2311-5149-2023-30(58)-41-48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2023-30(58)-41-48","url":null,"abstract":"The development of Ukraine's economy, especially during the war and post-war reconstruction, requires the most efficient use of limited financial resources. The institutional demand of the society for prompt adjustment of the economy to meet military needs in times of war and to ensure the fastest possible pace of economic recovery in the post-war period requires the state to increase the efficiency of the state financial policy of intensification investment activity in accordance with the current dynamically changing requirements of the present. The problem of the state's stimulating influence on the economy in order to intensification investment activity in the country is constantly in the field of view of scientists and practitioners. One of the most effective areas of realization of such influence is the financial policy of the state. The issues of formation and implementation of the state financial policy of intensification of investment activity in the context of digitalization are unexplored, relevant and require scientific understanding. The aim of the article is to improve the efficiency of formation and implementation of the State financial policy of intensification of investment activity in the context of digitalization. To date, a prerequisite for modernizing the State financial policy of intensification investment activity is to take into account the demands and opportunities for digitalization of economic and management processes. In order to increase the efficiency of the State financial policy of intensification investment activity in the context of digitalization, a number of practical recommendations are proposed, which together ensured the development of the module \"Automation of the State financial policy of intensification investment activity\", which structurally consists of two components and is described by a map of analytical filters, casual and information technology algorithms, as well as schemes of process and functional links. The practical implementation of the developed module \"Automation of the State Financial Policy of intensification of Investment Activity\" will improve efficiency, economic feasibility by minimizing the resources used (financial, labor, etc.) and increase the efficiency of the formation and implementation of the state financial policy of intensification of investment activity in Ukraine by minimizing corruption risks.","PeriodicalId":254090,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, \"Economics\" Series","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FINANCIAL CONCEPT OF THE BEHAVIORAL APPROACH IN THE FORMATION OF THE INCOME OF THE STATE BUDGET OF UKRAINE","authors":"Lyudmila Gordienko, Yurii Pasichnyk, Yevheniia Lomako","doi":"10.25264/2311-5149-2023-30(58)-49-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2023-30(58)-49-54","url":null,"abstract":"This study draws attention to a novel approach to shaping the revenues of the State Budget of Ukraine. To shed light on the situation concerning revenue formation, a quick analysis of Ukraine's key macroeconomic indicators, including budget revenues from 2017 to 2021, was conducted. As a result, trends in the dynamics of GDP, essential social standards, inflation, average wages, and the unemployment rate were revealed. It was highlighted that in some years, the minimum pension level was lower than the inflation rate, which is a concerning development. The behavioral approach, with specific reference to the application of its individual provisions in the budgeting process, is explained in detail. An interpretation of the key concepts of this approach, encompassing economic activity and economic interests, is provided. It is argued that the application of the behavioral approach allows for the identification of motives behind inefficient income planning at various stages of State Budget preparation. Furthermore, it enables the consolidation of the motivational interests of specific participants in the budget project. An important advantage of this approach is the potential to formulate preventive measures to mitigate corruption issues during the various stages of the budget process. The primary components of the financial concept were developed utilizing relevant theoretical constructs in revenue formation for the budget. This concept consists of six parts, which include fundamental theoretical constructs, taking into account the psychological traits of the Ukrainian populace, identifying reserves in State Budget revenues, risk mitigation, enhancing the revenue mechanism, and increasing the involvement of public organizations in the budget process. The rationale for employing fundamental theoretical constructs in the budget preparation process, notably new monetarism, sustainable development, neoclassical synthesis, and the theory of happiness, is discussed. Special attention is given to considering the psychological characteristics of the Ukrainian people, which can aid in the development of optimal budget revenues. To mitigate potential revenue shortfalls, preventive measures are proposed. Notably, there's a strong emphasis on improving the mechanism for revenue formation and collection, underscoring the need to enhance the accountability of regulatory body personnel. The wisdom of increasing the participation of public entities in the budget process is justified. Furthermore, it is recommended that reasoned proposals regarding budget revenues be submitted by scientific institutions, sector-specific public organizations, and analytical agencies. In conclusion, it is posited that the proposed financial concept, grounded in a behavioral approach and accounting for the realities of the Postmodern era, will contribute to an increase in revenues for the State Budget of Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":254090,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, \"Economics\" Series","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139335189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}