Indian Journal of Environment Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of NEWMAP Effects on Gully Erosion Control and Environmental Development over South East, Nigeria","authors":"Oyati E.N, Lawal A.F, Ojo O.J","doi":"10.54105/ijee.a1813.111221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54105/ijee.a1813.111221","url":null,"abstract":"The potential impacts of gully erosion over South Eastern Nigeria are a worrisome scenario. It has resulted in the displacement of millions of habitats, agricultural, and economic losses. The result of the effect of Nigerian Erosion Watershed Management Project (NEWMAP) monitoring and evaluation on the effect of gully erosion on economic development in this study has revealed a positive significant influence at P < 0.05 over the study region. Also, it is revealed that NEWMAP programmes have significantly covered some constructions of hydraulic structures for flood routing and soil erosion control in South East, Nigeria. This intervention has significantly reduced the rate of land degradation occasioned by soil erosion, protection of watershed and agricultural land, which has thus been responsible for improved agricultural production. In conclusion, it is imperative to conduct periodic monitoring and evaluation of the activities of NEWMAP to building a strong evidence-based mechanism that enhances assessment of the diverse range of intervention projects on the dwellers of South-East extraction.","PeriodicalId":252633,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Environment Engineering","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130576587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Models for the Rational Design of Different Shapes of Pit Latrine","authors":"Ugwu Francis Ifeuzu, Agunwamba Jonah Chukwuemeka Prof.","doi":"10.35940/IJEE.A1802.051121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35940/IJEE.A1802.051121","url":null,"abstract":"Specific models for the rational design of pit latrines of different shapes and sizes are presently non-existent. What exist are general design models irrespective of the shape and size of latrine which may not give the actual design parameters needed. This research was limited to the derivation of models that will aid the design of the capacity of pit latrines of different shapes and dimensions for different population of users and under different soil formations and ground conditions. The objective of this research was to derive models for the rational design of pit latrines of different shapes using data collected from 500 different household pit latrines already filled up. Thus, models were derived for different latrine pit shapes and sizes using data collected through the administration of designed questionnaire on 500 households having pit latrines already filled up. Models were developed specifically for different latrine shapes whereas those of other researchers were generalized. These models were calibrated and verified for the rational design of pit latrines of different shapes and sizes. The regression coefficients for calibration were 0.75, 0.65, and 0.50 and for verification are 0.97, 0.98 and 0.99 for square, circular and rectangular pits respectively. The implication of this research is availability of design models for the construction of different pit latrine shapes.","PeriodicalId":252633,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Environment Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130854346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physicochemical Studies, Characterization & Adsorption Capacity of Activated Carbon Derived from Dathura Stronsium Fruit Shell","authors":"K. Gour","doi":"10.35940/IJEE.A1801.051121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35940/IJEE.A1801.051121","url":null,"abstract":"In the Present investigation various activated carbon derived from waste material of plant has been synthesized .These carbon materials have high porosity .This high degree of porosity of adsorbents is associated with large surface area, which makes it an excellent adsorbent for removal of Heavy Metals. The activated carbon has advantages over the other with respect of its adsorption capacity, operating Characteristic &Cost. The activated carbon materials have been characterized by surface area, particle size, bulk density, Volatile matter, Moisture content, Ash content,FTIR &SEM studies. The goal of the present investigation was an attempt to develop low cost, highly effective and simple to use activated carbon materials for removal Cr(VI), Cd(II) and Zn(II) from contaminated water based on adsorption phenomenon. This newly developed adsorbent has been proved to be more promising for heavy metals removal without affecting the quality of treated water.","PeriodicalId":252633,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Environment Engineering","volume":"60 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132147967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physico-Chemical and Biological Characteristics of Faecal Sludge in Pit Latrines with Depth","authors":"Ugwu Francis Ifeuzu, Agunwamba Jonah Chukwuemeka Prof.","doi":"10.35940/IJEE.A1803.051121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35940/IJEE.A1803.051121","url":null,"abstract":"There is limited information about the characteristics of faecal sludges in ordinary pit latrines. Knowledge of the physico-chemical and biological characteristics of pit sludge from different layers of the pit apart from providing an indication of the nature of pit contents endeavoured to provide information and decision support for managing pit latrines during their normal lifespan. Therefore, this paper was aimed at investigating the physico-chemical and biological characteristics of pit sludge samples to equip latrine owners with environmental and health implications of this sludge. Legislation that establishes regulations specifically for the treatment and discharge, enduse, or disposal of faecal sludge is therefore essential. Thus, faecal sludges sampled from ten (10) pit latrines were subjected to laboratory analyses with particular reference to selected parameters. From the study, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total solids (TS), moisture content, suspended solids (SS) and volatile solids (VS) showed decreasing trend throughout as the pit depth increased. Temperature presented double scenarios, increasing initially and decreasing afterwards with the highest values within 0.4m to 0.6m pit depth in all the pit latrines. Efforts to understand and mitigate the health effects of particulate matter (PM) air pollution have a rich and interesting history. This review focuses on six substantial lines of research that have been pursued since 1997 that have helped elucidate our understanding about the effects of PM on human health. There has been substantial progress in the evaluation of PM health effects at different time-scales of exposure and in the exploration of the shape of the concentration-response function. There has also been emerging evidence of PM-related cardiovascular health effects and growing knowledge regarding interconnected general pathophysiological pathways that link PM exposure with cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality. Despite important gaps in scientific knowledge and continued reasons for some skepticism, a comprehensive evaluation of the research findings provides persuasive evidence that exposure to fine particulate air pollution has adverse effects on cardiopulmonary health. Although much of this research has been motivated by environmental public health policy, these results have important scientific, medical, and public health implications that are broader than debates over legally mandated air quality standards.","PeriodicalId":252633,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Environment Engineering","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127798998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building Eco-Blocks through the Use of Solid Waste","authors":"A. Kale","doi":"10.35940/IJEE.A1805.051121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35940/IJEE.A1805.051121","url":null,"abstract":"India is buried under waste stacks as more than 1.50 lakhs ofsolid waste (MT) per day is produced. Worse, nearly 90% of the total volume is collected (135,000 tonnes daily). Almost 15,000 MT of waste remains exposed each day, which leads to a \"severe\" amount of contamination of some 55 lakh of MT of solid waste disposed of each year in open surface. Just 20% (27 000 tonnes per day) of the total waste collected and 80% (1 08 000 tonnes per day) was disposed of. The remaining 80% is disposed of on site. Progress in the management of solid waste has resulted in materials that replace conventional materials, including bricks, blocks,tiles, aggregates, ceramics, cement, lime, soil, timber and paint. In this research, Eco blocks are generated using waste materials like fly-ash and waste using aggregates of cement and yard. It optimizes materials with various combinations and defines the compression strength of the eco-blocks. Days of 7.71, 5.8 and 9.10 N/mm2 are compressive strengths of 14 and 28. The strength of ecological blocks is equal to or above that of the local company’s regular concrete blocks. The study showed that solid waste can be used for solid block processing. We also analyzed how debris can be recycled to find an alternative to reduce natural resource costs and use.","PeriodicalId":252633,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Environment Engineering","volume":"26 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130414672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Satellite Based Approach for Assessing Land Cover Changes of Modhupur Sal Forest Regions in Bangladesh: Its Dynamics and Impacts on Surface Temperature","authors":"Mist. Ashrafunnahar Hena, Dr. Hafizur Rahman, Dr. Md. Shahjahan Ali","doi":"10.54105/ijee.a1841.053123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54105/ijee.a1841.053123","url":null,"abstract":"Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) changes have a significant impact on climate changes in the local to global scales. In this paper, we studied the impact of LULC changes of Modhupur Sal forest and its adjoining areas in Bangladesh on LST using multi temporal satellite data. Seasonal and temporal values of LST were determined for three decades from 1989 to 2019. It was seen from the LULC study that the Sal forest area has changed a lot over the time period. Through the long-term time series data, it is found that with the change of LULC, LST of the area has increased. An inverse correlation between the NDVI and LST has been observed from 1989 to 2009 in winter and 1993 to 2011 in summer. But in 2019, both in winter and summer, with the increase of NDVI value of the area, LST was seen to increase.","PeriodicalId":252633,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Environment Engineering","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116540461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plastic Waste Management with Expanded Polystyrene Beads","authors":"M. Musalaiah, T. Madhavi","doi":"10.54105/ijee.c1830.111422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54105/ijee.c1830.111422","url":null,"abstract":"Plastic waste is the one of the serious environmental issue due to its non-biodegradability nature. The disposing of plastic waste and plastic waste management becomes a major task in developing countries like India due to rapid growth of population and industrialization. Plastic stands in the top most place among variety of solid waste materials, and causes heavy environmental hazards which will affect the future generations and peers. The present study was focused to investigate and understand the attributes of concrete which is made of partial replacement of coarse aggregate with Expanded Polystyrene Beads using M20 mix design. Concrete cubes were casted taking 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% of Expanded Polystyrene beads as partial replacement of coarse aggregate and tested for 7days, 14days and 28days of compressive strength of concrete.","PeriodicalId":252633,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Environment Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115007570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Waste Management and Environmental Conservation: An Overview","authors":"Amosu C. O., Dr. Morakinyo K.O.","doi":"10.54105/ijee.b1835.053123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54105/ijee.b1835.053123","url":null,"abstract":"Managing waste and conserving the environment confronts the government, the community, the people and the industry. There is a conceptual and sustainable framework to be imbibed in tackling the menace of waste. The waste management profile at hand and environmental status quo defeats the strides of conservation of wastes which debar any stainable economy. However, beyond all reasonable doubts, best practices for waste management gives most-sought results in the future ahead. At large, a beam of global light into the radical and rational trend of waste management programs leads to economic sustainability based on the capacity of innovation; Nigeria vies to make a mark in innovation outcome in the direction of appropriately curtailing wastes at all levels. Despite being tagged an under-developed nations, Nigeria still positions itself as a great and conscious manager of wastes of all sorts in Africa. This study assessed the cultural management of wastes in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":252633,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Environment Engineering","volume":"163 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127176843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solid Minerals Blueprint for Sustainable Local Prospects and Development","authors":"Amosu C. O., Adeosun T.A.","doi":"10.54105/ijee.c1821.051322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54105/ijee.c1821.051322","url":null,"abstract":"Moving from a much more sustainable social, environmental and economic system confronts the government, the community, the people and the industry. There is far-reaching conceptualization of the necessity for minerals. The present status and blend for the production of minerals may well not be absolutely demanded by a more sustainable economy. But beneath any reasonable definition of necessity, there will be a significant need for some mineral products deep in the nearest future. In the recent world beamed with the rays of extremely competitiveness in which economic attainments rely widely on the ability to be innovative; Nigeria is only clamouring to attain a better innovation outcome. Irrespective of being one of the under-developed nations, globally, Nigeria still stands a strong dynamic Black- Africa by position of its headcount census and the economy. This study assessed the inherent innovation and endowment in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":252633,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Environment Engineering","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116133999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling Reaeration Coefficient of Stream using Regression Analytical Method - A case of Mmubete Stream, Rivers State Nigeria","authors":"Engr. Akatah B.M., Engr. Izinyon O.C., Engr. Dr. Gwarah L.S.","doi":"10.54105/ijee.a1840.053123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54105/ijee.a1840.053123","url":null,"abstract":"Surface water pollution is a major problem/ occurrence in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Mmubete stream is never an exception. Mmubete stream is significant to the people of Rivers State owing to its usefulness in terms fishing activities and domestic usage. The modelling of Mmubete stream using regression analytical method with emphasis on incorporating mixing properties of stream in stream reaeration prediction was carried out. Water samples were collected and analysed for dissolved oxygen (DO) and temperature. The hydrodynamic data (depth, velocity, surface area, kinematic viscosity and dispersion) of the stream were measured while re-aeration coefficient using empirical models developed using regression analytical approach was determined. The results revealed that the field reaeration coefficient of Mmubete stream ranges from 2.4432d-1 to 3.7568d-1 in the wet season and 0.96d-1 to 2.712d-1 in the dry season. The reaeration coefficient of the stream ranges from 1.983d-1 to 3.088d-1 using the model 1 for the prediction, 1.983d-1 to 3.5065d-1 using the model 2 and 3.0221d-1 to d-1 4.1817 using the model 3. The R2 of the models are 0.934, 0.934 and 0.998 for models 1, 2 and 3 respectively and the standard errors are 0.11135, 0.549694 and 0.022008 for model 1,2 and 3 respectively. The models developed are reliable considering the root mean square and standard error values.","PeriodicalId":252633,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Environment Engineering","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134476111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}