Bulletin - British Association of Sport and Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Physiological Aspects of Swimming Training","authors":"P. Penny","doi":"10.1136/bjsm.1.2.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.1.2.31","url":null,"abstract":"There are reasons why the question may be more apt in swimming than other sports. Swimmers tend to be young; hence coaches are in the positions of psychological dominance and thus more easily able to drive their pupils. The ability to reach the top at an early age is a powerful spur to young swimmers. In C.I.T. cardiac output is likely to be one of the main limiting factors to reduction of the resting interval. The fact that swimming is performed in the horizontal plane will increase venous return and hydrostatic pressure will also help.","PeriodicalId":250837,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin - British Association of Sport and Medicine","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114870136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Girl Swimmers","authors":"Galina Prozumenshikova","doi":"10.1136/bjsm.1.3-4.81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.1.3-4.81","url":null,"abstract":"Girls usually learn to swim earlier than boys and on reaching a certain standard join a swimming club these may be single sex or co-educational they train by standard and not by age. International training today requires intense activity and sacrifice of leisure parents do not mind this, but school work and homework are an anxiety most of the girls in International Competition are at Grammar school.","PeriodicalId":250837,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin - British Association of Sport and Medicine","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126899442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guidance notes for Medical Officers travelling with International Teams Abroad","authors":"","doi":"10.1136/bjsm.1.2.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.1.2.36","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":250837,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin - British Association of Sport and Medicine","volume":"3 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122596505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isometric Training with Women Sprinters","authors":"K. Start","doi":"10.1136/bjsm.1.3-4.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.1.3-4.62","url":null,"abstract":"Three potentially international calibre women sprinters were given an eight weeks' isometric strength training programme for their legs, using 80% maximum strength as the loading factor. In an attempt to reduce decrement subsequent to cessation of training, a four week `taper' programme was tried. Strength measures were taken fortnightly through the training programme and subsequently at three months and nine months on one athlete. Strength gains were obtained for all athletes and the post training decrement appeared to vary with the muscle group exercised. No detrimental aesthetic, emotional or physiological effects of the high loading were noted and no injuries occurred.","PeriodicalId":250837,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin - British Association of Sport and Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131075931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Doping and the Use of Chemical Agents to Modify Human Performance in Sport","authors":"","doi":"10.1136/bjsm.1.2.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.1.2.40","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":250837,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin - British Association of Sport and Medicine","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114680283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Problems in Training","authors":"H. N. Bleasdale","doi":"10.1136/BJSM.1.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/BJSM.1.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":250837,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin - British Association of Sport and Medicine","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122676655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Haemodynamic Responses to Sustained Contractions","authors":"Dr. A. R. Lind","doi":"10.1136/bjsm.1.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.1.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"During experiments to investigate the problem of muscular fatigue in sustained contractions, the blood flow through the forearm during hand-grip contractions at 1/3 maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) was found to be considerable, rising throughout the contraction (Clarke, Hellon & Lind, 1958). Further experiments showed an increase in blood flow through the whole forearm at all tensions from 30 to 70% MVC as measured by a plethysmograph. Thereafter, using a technique first described by Barcroft & Millen (1939), the temperatures of both active and inactive muscles in the contracting arm were measured before, during and after contractions. When this was done with and without artificial arterial occlusion of the arm, it was possible to show that all or nearly all the increase in blood flow through the arm during sustained contractions went to the active muscles, while the flow through the inactive muscles did not increase (Humphreys and Lind, 1963). In view of the surprisingly high blood pressures found during these contractions, there must have been a marked vasoconstriction in the inactive muscles. Another series of experiments (Lind, Taylor, Humphreys, Kennelly & Donald, 1963) examined both central and peripheral haemodynamic responses of four subjects to hand-grip contractions using more direct methods of measurement. Blood pressure and cardiac output were measured by intravascular techniques while pulse rate was measured by e.c.g. Blood flow through both active and inactive forearms was measured by plethysmograph. The magnitude of the haemodynamic responses may be judged from the actual experimental values from one subject before, during and after a 20% MVC contraction. Whereas the stroke volume increases during rhythmic contractions, it did not increase in these sustained contractions, and the rise in cardiac output appeared to depend solely on the rise in pulse rate. Furthermore, only small changes in systemic vascular resistance were found, compared to the marked fall usually observed during dynamic exercise. The blood flow through the resting forearm did not change in spite of the high blood pressure during work, denoting a vasoconstriction in the non-active muscles.","PeriodicalId":250837,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin - British Association of Sport and Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129962608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Pathology and Treatment of Drowning","authors":"S. Miles","doi":"10.1136/bjsm.1.3-4.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.1.3-4.43","url":null,"abstract":"There is no doubt whatever that this significant loss of life can be greatly reduced. Study of individual incidents emphasises the fact that at least 75% of them are due to lack of elementary precautions, disregard of safety factors or gross stupidity. To reduce them, which is the fundamental aim of any water safety campaign, a three-fold attack on the problem can be made. Firstly, the circumstances which lead up to the drowning incident must be studied. Secondly, the actual process of drowning should be examined and, thirdly, there is an urgent need for first aid workers and hospital medical staffs to appreciate and apply the new techniques of resuscitation and treatment to these emergencies.","PeriodicalId":250837,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin - British Association of Sport and Medicine","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126789122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurological Injuries sustained through Diving","authors":"L. Guttmann","doi":"10.1136/BJSM.1.2.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/BJSM.1.2.32","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":250837,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin - British Association of Sport and Medicine","volume":"132 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122496421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Problems in Training Oarsmen - Staleness","authors":"J. Owen","doi":"10.1136/BJSM.1.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/BJSM.1.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":250837,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin - British Association of Sport and Medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123528922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}