EURE (Santiago)最新文献

{"title":"Necropolítica de vivienda: 40 años desmantelando la “informalidad” en Madrid (1979-2019)","authors":"Eva Álvarez de Andrés","doi":"10.4067/S0250-71612020000300005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0250-71612020000300005","url":null,"abstract":"In a context in which access to housing has been increasingly commodified and financialized, “informality” becomes the only alternative–however precarious this may be–for those who have been excluded from the “formal” system. Since the beginning of the economic crisis in 2008, this phenomenon is reappearing in Europe, attracting more and more interest. In this article, we review the concept of “informality”, and analyze the policies implemented in the Community of Madrid (Spain) in relation to the self-produced settlements in the last 40 years (1979-2019). The results show how all policies have aimed at the eradication of any form of self-production of space. However, the implemented plans have varied depending on the value that the affected communities had for the established power, forcing the disappearance of those that do not enter into the forms of production and consumption of the capitalist system (necro-policy).","PeriodicalId":249297,"journal":{"name":"EURE (Santiago)","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131346987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Petróleo e porto no norte do estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil","authors":"J. Cruz, Denise Cunha Tavares Terra","doi":"10.4067/s0250-71612020000300189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0250-71612020000300189","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEste articulo analiza la dinamica economica reciente de la provincia de Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, bajo la perspectiva del patron de crecimiento economico brasileno, enfocandose en el proceso en curso en el norte del estado. Se abordaran los impactos socioespaciales de los grandes proyectos de infraestructura y produccion vinculados a ese patron, y se identificaran los conflictos resultantes. Se busca contribuir a las reflexiones acerca de las tendencias e implicaciones de la participacion de las economias perifericas en la nueva Division Internacional del Trabajo, para pensar la amplitud y profundidad de la dinamica actual de dominio del capital financiero especulativo y de la crisis mundial vinculada estrechamente a la crisis capitalista. El articulo destacara el Complejo de Exploracion y Produccion off shore de Petroleo y Gas de la Cuenca de Campos, el Complejo Industrial y Portuario del Acu, y cuatro casos de grupos sociales afectados por los impactos desestructurantes de esos grandes proyectos de inversion, impactos que se propagan a la periferia capitalista. portuguesEste artigo analisa a dinâmica economica recente do estado do Rio de Janeiro/Brasil, sob a perspectiva do padrao de crescimento economico brasileiro, focando no processo em curso no norte do estado. Serao abordados os impactos socioespaciais dos grandes projetos de infraestrutura e producao, vinculados a esse padrao, bem como serao identificados os conflitos decorrentes. Busca-se contribuir para as reflexoes acerca das tendencias e implicacoes da participacao das economias perifericas na nova Divisao Internacional do Trabalho, para se pensar a amplitude e profundidade da dinâmica atual de dominio do capital financeiro especulativo e da crise mundial vinculada estreitamente a crise capitalista. O artigo destacara o Complexo de Exploracao e Producao off shore de Petroleo e Gas da Bacia de Campos, e o Complexo Industrial e Portuario do Acu bem como apontara quatro casos de grupos sociais atingidos pelos impactos desestruturantes desses grandes projetos de investimento, que se espraiam na periferia capitalista. EnglishThis article analyzes the recent economic dynamics of the state of Rio de Janeiro / Brazil, from the perspective of the pattern of Brazilian economic growth, focusing on the current process in the north of the State. The article addresses the socio-spatial impacts of the major infrastructure and production projects linked to this pattern, as well as the resulting conflicts. This work seeks to contribute to the reflections on the trends and implications of the participation of the peripheral economies in the new International Division of Labor, in order to reflect about the breadth and depth of the current dynamics of speculative financial capital and the global crisis closely linked to the capitalist crisis. The article will highlight the Offshore Oil and Gas Exploration and Production Complex of the Campos Basin and the Acu Industrial and Port Complex as well as ","PeriodicalId":249297,"journal":{"name":"EURE (Santiago)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128094672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Articulações metropolitanas, políticas municipais: desafios e avanços do planejamento territorial na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba (Brasil)","authors":"Júlio Carmo, T. Moreira","doi":"10.4067/s0250-71612020000300029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0250-71612020000300029","url":null,"abstract":"espanolCuritiba (Brasil) implanto un proceso continuo de planificacion con mas de cinco decadas de vigencia, materializado en una institucion y planes que la moldearon y fueron propaganda utilizada por politicos y planificadores como un caso de exito. Pero si la ciudad de Curitiba es considerada modelo de planificacion, la Region Metropolitana de Curitiba (RMC) no obtuvo tal reconocimiento, aunque tenga una institucion responsable y considerable tiempo de planificacion (cuarenta anos en 2014) — elementos senalados en la literatura como bases del exito de Curitiba —, y haya recibido y transferido tecnicos a su equivalente municipal. De esta forma, teniendo como metodo la historiografia, se concluye que la region no saco provecho del diferencial de planificacion y calidad de vida del centro; por el contrario, la profundizacion del proceso de planificacion contribuyo a las diferencias sociales, valorizando el suelo de la capital y restringiendo el acceso de aquellos que llegaron a la ciudad atraidos por la ciudadania que esta parecia ofrecer. EnglishFor more than five decades, Curitiba (Brazil) has implemented a continuous process of planning, shaped by institutions and plans that were used as “success case propaganda” used by politicians and planners. However, if Curitiba was entitled as a planning model, the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba (mrc) did not obtain such recognition, even though it has been a responsible institution for a considerable amount of time (forty years in 2014) – elements pointed out in the literature as bases of the success of Curitiba – as well as received and transferred technicians to its municipal equivalent. As a result of this analysis, based on an historiographical method, we conclude that the region did not take advantage of the poles’ differential of planning and quality of life, on the contrary, the deepening of the planning process contributed to increase social differences, land value in the capital, and in restricting the access of those who arrived to the city attracted by the citizenship that seemed to be offered. portuguesCuritiba (Brasil) implantou um processo continuo de planejamento, com mais de cinco decadas, materializado em uma instituicao e planos que lhe moldaram e foram propaganda utilizada por politicos e planejadores como um caso de sucesso. Mas, se Curitiba e apontada como modelo de planejamento, a Regiao Metropolitana de Curitiba (rmc) nao obteve tal reconhecimento, ainda que tenha uma instituicao responsavel e consideravel tempo de planejamento (quarenta anos em 2014) – elementos apontados na literatura como bases do sucesso de Curitiba –, bem como recebido e transferido tecnicos para seu equivalente municipal. Dessa forma, tendo como metodo a historiografia, conclui-se que a regiao nao tirou proveito do diferencial de planejamento e qualidade de vida do polo, pelo contrario, o aprofundamento do processo de planejamento contribuiu para as diferencas sociais, valorizando o solo da capital e restri","PeriodicalId":249297,"journal":{"name":"EURE (Santiago)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130230721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rodadas de neoliberalização, provisão de infraestrutura e “efeito-China” no Brasil pós-1990","authors":"Deborah Werner","doi":"10.4067/s0250-71612020000300143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0250-71612020000300143","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEn este articulo se examinan las distintas fases del proceso de neoliberalizacion de las inversiones en infraestructura en Brasil desde 1990, considerando dos aspectos: su rol en la division internacional del trabajo como pais exportador de bienes primarios, y la preeminencia de China en la jerarquia global. A partir de las nociones de circuitos economicos de acumulacion y procesos de neoliberalizacion, el articulo revela la importancia de la economia china para organizar las escalas subnacionales en Brasil, al orientar decisiones y promover el reordenamiento del territorio brasileno, especialmente las decisiones de infraestructura. Tal aspecto se justifica por el hecho de ser China el principal destino de las exportaciones de commodities brasilenas y por el interes de las empresas chinas en controlar activos de infraestructura en Brasil. El trabajo se desarrolla a partir del metodo historico-estructural, de caracter interdisciplinar, y se sustenta en los analisis de documentos, leyes e informaciones facilitados por el gobierno brasileno y por la prensa. EnglishThis article examines the phases of neoliberalization of the investments in infrastructure in Brazil since 1990, considering its role as exporter of primary goods in the international division of labor, and the preeminence of China in the global hierarchy. From the notions of economic circuits of accumulation and the process of neoliberalization, the paper argues the relevance of the Chinese economy to organize the sub-national scales in Brazil, leading decisions and promoting the reordering of Brazilian territory, especially the investment decisions regarding infrastructure. This is justified by the fact that China is the main destination of Brazilian commodity exports, or because of the Chinese companies’ interests in controlling assets in infrastructure in Brazil. The paper is based on an interdisciplinary historical-structural method and on analyses of documents and information from the Brazilian government and from the press. portuguesO presente artigo analisa as rodadas neoliberais nos investimentos em infraestrutura no Brasil, desde os anos de 1990, considerando o papel do pais na divisao internacional do trabalho como exportador de commodities agricolas e minerais e a proeminencia da China na hierarquia mundial. A partir das nocoes de circuitos economicos de acumulacao e processos de neoliberalizacao, argumenta-se a relevância da economia chinesa na organizacao das escalas subnacionais brasileiras, orientando decisoes e promovendo o reordenamento territorial do pais, especialmente quanto as decisoes de investimento em infraestrutura. Tal aspecto se justifica seja pelo fato de a China ser o principal destino das exportacoes de commodities brasileiras, seja pelo interesse de empresas chinesas em controlar ativos de infraestrutura no Brasil. O trabalho e desenvolvido a partir do metodo historico-estrutural de carater interdisciplinar e sustenta-se na analise de leis e documento","PeriodicalId":249297,"journal":{"name":"EURE (Santiago)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131917356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Globalización, conectividad interespacial y articulación territorial de los puertos mexicanos","authors":"C. Martner-Peyrelongue","doi":"10.4067/S0250-71612020000300233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0250-71612020000300233","url":null,"abstract":"Faced with the exponential growth of the inter-spatial connectivity and the mobility in the current globalization phase of the world economy, the geographic and territorial implications of the new international transport paradigms that have promoted the formation of a global network of ports and multimodal transport are analyzed. Additionally, analysis criteria are provided to establish the logistic, modal and territorial connectivity challenges that Mexican ports face today, adding some reflections on the fundamental role played by the actors in the intensification of the inter-spatial connectivity at different scales, which articulate through multimodal networks and corridors. Finally, a reflection is conducted on the position of the main ports of the country at the global network, their potential of development as regional hubs and on the issues posed by the articulation between distant and dispersed territorial fragments, but at once strongly integrated into processes of a globalized production, distribution and circulation.","PeriodicalId":249297,"journal":{"name":"EURE (Santiago)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116729319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pago por impactos en proyectos de densificación residencial intensiva del Área Metropolitana de Santiago: análisis crítico de los aportes al espacio público en la nueva legislación chilena","authors":"M. Vicuña, Nicole Pumarino, A. Urbina","doi":"10.4067/S0250-71612020000300047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0250-71612020000300047","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents and analyzes the potential contribution of the new Law of Contributions to Public Space, to the financing and implementation of public spaces. This article simulates the contribution of private intensive residential densification operations in 15 neighborhoods of the Metropolitan Area of Santiago. The Law constitutes a framework for moving towards balanced urban development through payments for impacts proportional to density. However, the results show that the contribution percentage is insufficient to implement the communal and inter-communal investment plans. In turn, their final contribution in land or money transfer responds to location or lot characteristics because tax assessment and the lot area have greater impact than the density of the residential building, on the contribution to public space. It is shown that when calculating the contributions with the occupation density, distortions occur with respect to the density planned by local zoning instruments.","PeriodicalId":249297,"journal":{"name":"EURE (Santiago)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114548648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La dimensión socioespacial del capital social. Análisis del capital social vecinal y la eficacia colectiva en ocho conjuntos de vivienda social en Chile","authors":"Sebastián Ibarra","doi":"10.4067/S0250-71612020000200071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0250-71612020000200071","url":null,"abstract":"Drawing on the “spacialization” of social capital approach, this paper analyzes the neighborhood as the socio-spatial environment in which neighborhood social capital and collective efficacy are generated and reproduced. Based on the analysis of a survey applied in eight social housing projects located in three regions of Chile, this research shows the existence of low levels of trust among neighbors, the predominance of circumstantial support relationships and the lack of associative and cooperative practices. The variables that have a significant effect on neighborhood social capital and collective efficacy are conditions of access to housing (original assignment and ownership of housing) and perception of violence and crime in the neighborhood. In contrast, socio-economic segregation does not have a direct effect on social capital in the analyzed neighborhoods.","PeriodicalId":249297,"journal":{"name":"EURE (Santiago)","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131129097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Centralidad de actores y bloques en las redes organizativas de movilización en el conflicto por el Plan Regulador Comunal de Peñalolén el año 2011","authors":"Roberto Cantillán, J. Herrera","doi":"10.7764/3035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/3035","url":null,"abstract":"In the Chile of the last decade, the analysis of collective action in episodes of urban conflict has focused on the cognitive mechanisms of political subjectivation that are deployed in the praxis of social movements. In a complementary way, this article focuses on the emergency processes of political identities, analyzing the dynamics of influence and coordination between voluntary organizations involved in a particular conflict. Among the results, the heterogeneity of the most prominent actors stands out, but with a marked capacity of intermediation of some organizations of settlers. At the structural level, the analysis of blocks indicates that a dynamic of social movement coordination was deployed through the interaction of differentiated collective action domains, and that it was this relationship that determined its greater probability of influence.","PeriodicalId":249297,"journal":{"name":"EURE (Santiago)","volume":"171 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134190529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gestão municipal de resíduos e ambiente institucional no Rio Grande do Sul","authors":"Davide Carbonai, J. Baum, Sergio Camiz","doi":"10.4067/s0250-71612020000200139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0250-71612020000200139","url":null,"abstract":"EnglishThe National Solid Waste Policy (Politica Nacional de Residuos Solidos, pnrs) assigns Brazilian municipalities the responsibility of providing urban cleaning and waste management services; however, scholars report the difficulty of municipalities in adopting a policy that meets the obligations of the aforementioned law. This article explores the correspondences between the municipal institutional environment itself (the main socioeconomic, political and cultural factors) and municipal waste management (specifically, the presence of an Integrated Solid Waste Management Plan). After a brief introduction to the issue, this paper shows a descriptive analysis of the presence of these plans in the mesoregions of Rio Grande do Sul. The article then presents a multiple correspondence analysis that provides an exploratory overview of municipal waste management in its institutional environment. portuguesA Politica Nacional de Residuos Solidos (pnrs) brasileira assigna aos municipios brasileiros a responsabilidade pela prestacao dos servicos de limpeza urbana e a gestao de residuos, no entanto, as pesquisas destacam as dificuldades, por parte dos proprios municipios, em adotar uma politica que cumpra as obrigacoes da lei antes mencionada. O presente artigo explora o problema de partir das correspondencias entre o proprio ambiente institucional municipal (os principais fatores socioeconomicos, politicos e culturais) e a gestao municipal dos residuos (especificamente, a presenca de um Plano de Gestao Integrada de Residuos Solidos). Depois de uma breve introducao ao tema, o texto apresenta uma analise descritiva da difusao dos Planos nas microrregioes do Rio Grande do Sul, a continuacao, o artigo apresenta uma analise de correspondencias multiplas que proporciona de forma exploratoria um quadro geral da gestao municipal de residuos em seu ambiente institucional.","PeriodicalId":249297,"journal":{"name":"EURE (Santiago)","volume":"224 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130095282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conflictos y negociaciones en la construcción metropolitana. El corredor Oeste del Gran Buenos Aires (1854-1950)","authors":"Melisa Pesoa, Ana Gómez-Pintus","doi":"10.4067/S0250-71612020000200047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0250-71612020000200047","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we explore the variety of actors involved in the process of production of urban land and the institutional changes produced by the decisions about how the city had to be. With the analysis of the urban growth along Buenos Aires’ west axis for the period 1854-1950, we develop an approximation that shows the combination of “top-down” guidelines about how the city must look like (regulations, the role of technical offices) with “bottom-up” requirements from local agents. This reveals that, while in 19th century, the conflicts and negotiations for adjusting the regulations to the actual materialization of the city were solved among the neighbors, towards the end of the century, with a new institutional organization, an increasing bureaucratization in the consolidation of the new urban growth began, which diminished notoriety to local actors.","PeriodicalId":249297,"journal":{"name":"EURE (Santiago)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125805818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}