M. Dhakal, I. P. Gautam, S. Pandey, S. Poudel, Dipendra Ghimire
{"title":"Effect of Modified Atmospheric Packaging (MAP) treatment on post-harvest quality of different varieties of kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.) under Cool bot storage condition","authors":"M. Dhakal, I. P. Gautam, S. Pandey, S. Poudel, Dipendra Ghimire","doi":"10.3126/nh.v16i1.44970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nh.v16i1.44970","url":null,"abstract":"Kiwifruit is one of the leading agricultural commodities having the tremendous potential of export to the international market. An experiment was carried out during the period of 20th January to 20th June, 2020 to evaluate the efficacy of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on quality and physiochemical characteristics in cool bot storage conditions. There were altogether four varieties and twenty-five fruits of each variety were sealed with modified atmosphere packaging films of 25µ with standard 16 perforations stored in cool bot storage (6-7°Cwith 95-97% RH) condition. The Physiological weight loss %, Cumulative Weight loss (%), Total Soluble Solids(°Brix), Titrable Acidity (%), Vitamin C content, Color changes were obtained according to the measurements applied at harvest and during the storage periods. Though the treatment showed a non-significant effect, the maximum physiological weight loss was observed in Abbott (13.6%) and the minimum was in Hayward (9.21%) at 140 days of cool bot storage whereas cumulative weight loss (%) was the maximum in Allison (71.49%) and the minimum in Hayward (41.29%). The Total Soluble solid(TSS°Brix) were increased and Titrable Acidity (%) and vitamin C content (mg/100 gm) were decreased with the advancement of the storage period. The color value (L*, a* and b*) were also analyzed, and the result showed that Modified Atmospheric Packaging has a beneficial effect to retard the ripening process of kiwifruit in cool bot storage. Thus, the research revealed that modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) i.e. 25µ LDPE in a combination of cool bot storage was more effective to extend the marketable shelf life of kiwifruit without much affecting on quality perspectives. ","PeriodicalId":247800,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Horticulture","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129874619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Subedi, I. P. Gautam, N. Pradhan, Dipendra Ghimire, S. Thapa
{"title":"Evaluation of French Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Genotypes for Spring Season Planting in Mid Hills of Nepal","authors":"S. Subedi, I. P. Gautam, N. Pradhan, Dipendra Ghimire, S. Thapa","doi":"10.3126/nh.v16i1.45002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nh.v16i1.45002","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted at National Horticulture Research Centre (NHRC), Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal from March to July of 2019 and 2020 to identify suitable bean genotypes for spring season planting. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications having seven genotypes as treatments viz. Semi Light Long, Long Green Bean, Trishuli, Four Season, LB-37, Pahelo Gheusimi, and Khairo Gheusimi. Observations were recorded on morphological characters, yield, and yield contributing attributes. All genotypes under study showed significant differences among each other. Pahelo Gheusimi was found to be early maturing (81 days after sowing) whereas genotype Four Season had the longest harvesting duration (29 days). Similarly, pod length (20.52 cm) and pod weight (16.60 g) was recorded highest in Long Green Bean, while the highest pod diameter was recorded in Pahelo Gheusimi (12.59 mm). A significantly highest number of pods (92/plant) was observed in Four Season whereas the highest fresh pod yield (1030.3 g/plant) per plant was observed in Long Green Bean which was at par with Four Season (997.1 g/plant). The calculated yield per hectare was 2.5 times higher in Long Green Bean (28.66 t/ha) as compared to the national average in 2020. Both rust incidence and Yellow Bean Mosaic Virus susceptibility were found less in Long Green Bean and Four Season. Based on the two-year observations, Long Green Bean and Four Season were found to be promising for spring season planting.","PeriodicalId":247800,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Horticulture","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117300384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of Hot Pepper Genotypes (Capsicum annum) in Western Terai of Nepal","authors":"S. Lohani, Y. K.C., S. Shrestha","doi":"10.3126/nh.v16i1.44971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nh.v16i1.44971","url":null,"abstract":"A set of experiment was conducted to find the best hot pepper genotypes for the Western Terai of Nepal in the October, 2017 and April, 2018 at Agricultural Research Directorate, Lumbini Province, Khajura. The experiments were conducted in Randomized completely block design with four replications. The treatments consisted of hybrid genotypes SV1947HA, SV4884HA, SV2319HA, SV1551HA; two hybrids check cultivars NS 1701 and NCH-1120 and Pusa Jwala which is check open pollinated cultivar of hot pepper. In normal (October) season planting, the highest fresh yield (15.17 t/ha) was obtained from NS 1701 and similar yield was obtained from the genotype SV1947HA (13.86 t/ha) while in the off season (April) planting, the highest fresh yield (7.97 t/ha) was obtained from NCH-1120 and same level of yield with genotypes SV1551HA (6.83 t/ha). Highly significant differences among cultivars were observed in yield and yield attributing characters. Hot pepper yield were observed lower in the April planting due to the crop failure by disease in the heavy rainfall period. The genotypes with better fruit set and yield in respective growing season were needed to be further tested in order to ensure their performance.","PeriodicalId":247800,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Horticulture","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116624612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Non-symbiotic Seed Germination and In vitro Plant Development of Pholidota articulata","authors":"R. Prasad, Shreeti Pradan, M. Poudel, B. Pant","doi":"10.3126/nh.v15i0.36648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nh.v15i0.36648","url":null,"abstract":"Pholidota articulata is an epiphytic orchid mostly used in ornamental cut/pot flower and in traditional medicine. As it has high ornamental and medicinal values, its population from natural habitats is decreasing, therefore, it is listed in the Appendix-II of Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). The objective of the present study is to obtain the in vitro plants of P. articulata from seed culture to conserve its germplasm. The in vitro seed germination was carried out in different strengths of Murashige and Skoog (MS) and Knudson C (KnC) medium supplemented with various plant hormones. On the half-strength of MS medium, seeds were started to germinate after 4 weeks of primary culture and they were developed into protocorms with first leaf primordium earlier than on the other medium. Therefore, in vitro developed protocorms were sub-cultured on the half-strength of MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), gibberellic acid (GA3) and α-naphtalene acetic acid (NAA). They were successfully developed into shoots on the 1.5 mg/l BAP supplemented half-strength of MS medium. Later, they were inoculated on the half-strength of MS medium supplemented with different concentration of α-napthalene acetic acid (NAA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) for the root formation, where IBA supplemented medium was found effective for the development of roots. Thus, this study provides a reliable protocol for non-symbiotic seed germination and plant production, and reveals that seed-derived protocorms are good explants for the in vitro mass propagation for conservation and sustainable utilization in horticulture.","PeriodicalId":247800,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Horticulture","volume":"45 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129871419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Shrestha, Dipendra Ghimire, Y. Shrestha, I. P. Gautam
{"title":"Assessment of Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) Cultivars for its Yield and Yield Attributing Characters at Central Mid-Hill (Kathmandu Valley) Conditions of Nepal","authors":"S. Shrestha, Dipendra Ghimire, Y. Shrestha, I. P. Gautam","doi":"10.3126/nh.v15i0.36684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nh.v15i0.36684","url":null,"abstract":"A varietal study on five open pollinated cultivars of Radish viz Mino Early, Okura, Pusa Chetki, Forty Days and Miyasige with an objective to find the most superior variety was conducted at Horticultural Research Division, Khumaltar, Lalitpur in winter season for 3 years from 2016 in consecutive years. Mino Early and Forty Days are widely adopted varieties and kept as local check varieties. The trial was conducted under Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. Out of the five cultivars, Okura gave significantly the highest of Root wt. (326 g), Root yield (53.85 t/ha), Root length (25.5 cm), Root diameter (53.9 mm), and Leaf wt per plant. (268 g), Days to harvest (63 days) followed by Miyasige which had Root wt (259 g), Root length (23.4 cm) Root diameter (51.9 mm), Days to harvest (66 days). Okura had 49 percent yield increment followed by Miyasige with 21.9 percent as compared to Mino Early. Hence, these two cultivars are found superior and recommended for cultivation in central mid-hills like Kathmandu valley conditions in Nepal. ","PeriodicalId":247800,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Horticulture","volume":"64 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128473064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Grafting Dates on Success and Growth of Kumquat (Fortunella japonica Swingle) Sapling","authors":"N. Bhandari, C. Regmi","doi":"10.3126/nh.v15i0.36686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nh.v15i0.36686","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was carried out to study the effect of grafting dates on the success and growth of kumquat sapling during 2017-18 at Banepa, Kavre to standardize suitable grafting time. The experiment was conducted in a single factor completely randomized design with five treatments and three replications. The treatments consisted of five grafting dates which viz., 25th November, 10th December, 25th December, 10th January and 25th January. Scion collected from the mother plant of kumquat was grafted onto two years old trifoliate orange rootstock by side veneer method at 15 days intervals under screen house. The data were recorded at every 30 days interval and found a significant effect of grafting dates on most of the economically important parameters such as graft success percent, the mortality of sprouted grafts, sapling height, number of leaves per sapling and leaf area. The result revealed that 100% graft success was observed on the grafts prepared in January. The highest mortality (13.68±0.58%) was reported on 25th November grafted sapling. The sapling height (39.68±3.68 cm), number of leaves per sapling (23.12±3.43) and leaf area (16.34±1.05 cm2) were found superior for 10th January grafted sapling while the number of primary and secondary branches per sapling were found non-significant for all grafting dates. Therefore, the study revealed that 10th January was the most suitable time for grafting of kumquat under Kavre, Nepal conditions.","PeriodicalId":247800,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Horticulture","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128864415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Chalise, Yubrai Bhusal, S. Kalauni, Rajeev Kumar Giri, B. Luitel
{"title":"Effect of Grafting Dates on Graft-take Success and Sapling Growth of Persian Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Under Open Field Condition of Jumla, Nepal","authors":"B. Chalise, Yubrai Bhusal, S. Kalauni, Rajeev Kumar Giri, B. Luitel","doi":"10.3126/nh.v15i0.36644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nh.v15i0.36644","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was carried out at Horticultural Research Station, Rajikot, Jumla to determine the best grafting date of walnut for the highest graft-take success and sapling growth. The experiment was conducted during the two consecutive years 2017, and 2018. Two varieties namely ‘Hartley’ and ‘Payne’ and four different dates of grafting viz. 15th March, 22nd March, 29th March, and 5th April were used as the treatment and the experiment was laid out in split-plot design. Each treatment was assigned with ten grafts with five replications per treatment. The measured parameters for the experiments included graft-take success (%), final scion diameter (cm), growth on scion diameter (%), number of primary branches per plant, plant spread (cm), and number of leaf per plant. The pooled value of observation for two years showed highly significant effect of variety and grafting date on grafting-take. ‘Hartley’ variety showed maximum graft-take success (73.2%) and ‘Payne’ with the least success (54.0%). The pooled value of two successive years showed the highest graft-take success (70.0%) on 15th of March, significantly at par with 22nd March (64.5%) and 29th March (67.0 %) grafting. Grafting on 15th March was also superior in terms of number of leaves (31.7), and least was observed for grafting on 29th March (20.5). In essence, variety ‘Hartley’ was found to record higher graft-take success with 15th March as the optimum grafting date under Jumla condition.","PeriodicalId":247800,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Horticulture","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131762631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of Cucumber Hybrids for Yield and Quality Under Plastic House and Open Field Conditions","authors":"I. P. Gautam, N. Pradhan, S. Subedi, M. Thakur","doi":"10.3126/nh.v15i0.36649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nh.v15i0.36649","url":null,"abstract":"Low yield of off-season cucumber due to use of open-pollinated varieties with high male to female ration, long gestation period and high incidence of diseases are the major problems of cucumber production in Nepal. The use of imported hybrids varieties during the off-season and plastic film technology has shown to lead to enhanced growth and higher yield in recent years. However, there is a little work on hybrid cucumber research and their testing in Nepal. Therefore, experiments were conducted at the National Horticulture Research Center (NHRC), Directorate of Agricultural Research (DoAR), Tarahara and Farmer's field in Dhankuta district accordingly to select best hybrids. Sixteen genotypes including best Indian hybrid Dynasty and 3 open-pollinated check genotypes were evaluated at NHRC, Khumaltar during the years 2018 and 2019 in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications under the plastic house. Previously selected seven genotypes were evaluated in DoAR, Tarahara in 3 replications and best hybrid was compared with farmers' varieties in Dhankuta at open field conditions. Tested genotypes showed a significant difference in yield and other parameters like male to female ratio, early flowering, vine length, disease scoring etc. both under the plastic house and open field conditions. The new hybrids HRD CUM 009 x 003 (107.05 mt/ha), HRD CUM 006 x 003 (91.55 mt/ha) and HRD CUM 004 x 001(88. 10 mt/ha) were promising due to higher yield, earlier to 50% female and male flowering, a greater number of female flowers, short vine length, higher number of fruits per plants and earliness harvesting than other cultivated varieties. Most of the tested hybrids produced more than double yield than open-pollinated genotypes.","PeriodicalId":247800,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Horticulture","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127564617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of Growth and Yield Characters of Garden Pea Genotypes at Dailekh, Mid-Western Nepal","authors":"B. Luitel, T. Pun, B. Bhandari","doi":"10.3126/nh.v15i0.36642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nh.v15i0.36642","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge of phenotypic variation among the germplasm is important for the breeding program of garden pea. This study was conducted to evaluate the growth and yield traits of garden pea genotypes and to identify high yielding, and powdery mildew resistant genotype at Horticulture Research Station (HRS), Dailekh, Mid-western Nepal. Eleven garden pea genotypes were evaluated in the main production season (2018-2019) and compared with 'Sikkim Local' as standard variety, and the experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. The analysis of variance revealed that genotypes had significant variation for all the traits studied except few insignificant traits. Significantly higher number of green pod/plant, green pod yield/plant, seed number/pod and seed yield/plant were recorded in genotypes DGP-12-18-2 and DGP-12-18-1 as compared with other studied genotypes. Genotype DGP-12-18-2, and DGP-12-18-1 exhibited resistant (2) to powdery mildew disease and these genotypes showed 45.8% and 16.6% yield advantage over the standard check 'Sikkim Local' variety. Therefore, genotypes DGP-12-18-2 and DGP-12-18-1 can be recommended to produce for fresh green pod and seed yield at on-farm condition of Mid-Western Nepal.","PeriodicalId":247800,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Horticulture","volume":"28 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114032812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessment of Inter-varietal Cross Lines of Gladiolus on Vegetative and Floral Traits for Selection and Promotion in Nepal","authors":"T. B. Poon, Asmita Khanal, S. Timilsina, A. Rijal","doi":"10.3126/nh.v15i0.36640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nh.v15i0.36640","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial crossing between species and varieties has been effective in producing new gladiolus cultivar with desirable traits. The seeds obtained from the total of twelve inter-varietal cross lines were raised in nurseries in 2013. The corms and cormels were selected yearly from the first phase to the fourth phase of selection. Forty seven inter-varietal cross lines and one check genotype were assessed in preliminary non-replicated trial in 2017 in the field of Regional Agricultural Research Station, Lumle, Nepal. A total of twenty five inter-varietal cross lines of gladiolus was selected, and assessed to develop new productive and attractive varieties of gladiolus on the basis of sixteen traits: the first spike emergence, complete spike emergence, the first floret loosening, maximum number of floret opening at a time, floret diameter, number of florets /spike, days to the seventh floret wilting, flower life, plant height, spike length, rachis length, number of spikes/ mother corm, number of marketable spikes /mother corm, number of filled capsules/spike, number of unfilled capsules/spike and total number of capsules/spike. Forty six inter-varietal cross lines were selectively reduced to twenty five inter-varietal cross lines after they had been assessed in the preliminary trial. Eventually ten cross lines: HRSDG-013-2.17(A), HRSDG-013-7.4(B), HRSDG-013-7.8(A), HRSDG-013-7.8(B), HRSDG-013-8.5(A), HRSDG-013-8.16(A), HRSDG-013-9.12(A-2), HRSDG-013-10.24, HRSDG-013-11.7(B) and HRSDG-013-11.17(B-2) are likely to be promoted for replicated trial so as to develop new desirable varieties in future.","PeriodicalId":247800,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Horticulture","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122426442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}