Int. J. Energy Optim. Eng.最新文献_第6页

Metrology of Al2O3 Barrier Film for Flexible CIGS Solar Cells 柔性CIGS太阳能电池用Al2O3阻挡膜的计量研究

Int. J. Energy Optim. Eng. Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJEOE.2015100104

M. Elrawemi, L. Blunt, L. Fleming, F. Sweeney, D. Robbins, D. Bird

{"title":"Metrology of Al2O3 Barrier Film for Flexible CIGS Solar Cells","authors":"M. Elrawemi, L. Blunt, L. Fleming, F. Sweeney, D. Robbins, D. Bird","doi":"10.4018/IJEOE.2015100104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJEOE.2015100104","url":null,"abstract":"Flexible Cu (In, Ga) Se2 (CIGS) solar cells are very attractive renewable energy sources because of their high conversion efficiencies, their low cost potential and their many application possibilities. However, they are at present highly susceptible to long term environmental degradation as a result of water vapor ingress through the protective encapsulation layer to the absorber (CIGS) layer. The basic methodology to prevent the water vapor permeation is to combine an oxide layer (e.g. AlOx) coating with suitable polymer substrates. Nevertheless, micro and nano-scale defects can appear at any stage of the coating process thus affecting the module efficiency and lifespan. \u0000The main aim of this research paper is to use surface metrology techniques including: White Light Scanning Interferometry (WLSI), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM) to characterise the aluminum oxide (Al2O3) barrier film defects, which appear to be directly responsible for the water vapor permeability. This paper reports on the development of a characterisation method for defect detection based on “Wolf Pruning” method and then correlates this with measured water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs) using standard MOCON® test. The results presented in this paper provided a detailed knowledge of the nature of micro and nano-scale defects on the Al2O3 barrier films which are responsible for water vapor and oxygen ingress. This result can then be used to provide the basis for developing roll-to-roll in process metrology devices for quality control of flexible PV module manufacture.","PeriodicalId":246250,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Energy Optim. Eng.","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115275990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Study of Autonomous Wind Energy Systems with Battery Storage (AWESBS) for Mountainous Rural Area Electrification in Algeria 阿尔及利亚山区农村电气化用电池储能自主风能系统研究

Int. J. Energy Optim. Eng. Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJEOE.2015100101

D. Koussa, M. Koussa, S. Hadji

引用次数: 3

Energy Management for Photovoltaic Irrigation with a Battery Bank 利用电池库进行光伏灌溉的能源管理

Int. J. Energy Optim. Eng. Pub Date : 2015-07-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJEOE.2015070102

I. Yahyaoui, M. Chaabene, F. Tadeo

引用次数: 12

Optimization of In-Wheel Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Electric Car 电动汽车轮毂永磁同步电机的优化设计

Int. J. Energy Optim. Eng. Pub Date : 2015-07-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJEOE.2015070101

Hejra Msaddek, A. Mansouri, H. Trabelsi

引用次数: 1

Renewable Energy Management with a Multi-Agent System 基于多主体系统的可再生能源管理

Int. J. Energy Optim. Eng. Pub Date : 2015-07-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJEOE.2015070104

W. Karaa, S. Karaa, A. Ashour

引用次数: 1

Eigenvalue Assignments in Multimachine Power Systems using Multi-Objective PSO Algorithm 基于多目标粒子群算法的多机电力系统特征值分配

Int. J. Energy Optim. Eng. Pub Date : 2015-07-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJEOE.2015070103

Yosra Welhazi, T. Guesmi, H. H. Abdallah

引用次数: 8

Assessment and Enhancement of the Energy Supply System Efficiency with Emphasis on the Cogeneration and Renewable as Main Directions for Fuel Saving 以热电联产和可再生能源为主要节能方向的能源供应系统效率评估与提高

Int. J. Energy Optim. Eng. Pub Date : 2015-04-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJEOE.2015040101

S. V. Zharkov

{"title":"Assessment and Enhancement of the Energy Supply System Efficiency with Emphasis on the Cogeneration and Renewable as Main Directions for Fuel Saving","authors":"S. V. Zharkov","doi":"10.4018/IJEOE.2015040101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJEOE.2015040101","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents methods for assessing economic, resource and environmental efficiency of cogeneration plants (CPs) and energy supply systems as a whole and ways of its improvement, the main of which are the development of cogeneration and renewable energy sources (RES). The problem of allocating fuel and financial costs at the combined production in accordance with the criterion of equal profitability of supplied energy products is solved. The methods allow determining specific indicators of supplied energy products. The technology of introducing RES-based power plants to the energy supply systems by means of using unstabilized RES-based power for direct fuel substitution in thermal cycles of gas-turbine (combined cycle) and steam-turbine plants (the wind is viewed as the most promising type of RES). Connection of wind power plants to an electric grid through thermal power plants allows us to avoid solving the problems of maintaining power quality and operating reserve of the wind power plants capacity in the power system and also to use wind energy at the plants of combined heat and high-quality electric power production, small ones included. The technology can promote smooth transition to hydrogen energy. It is shown that the cogeneration saves more than 20% of fuel, and its combination with wind power station â€“ more than 50%.","PeriodicalId":246250,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Energy Optim. Eng.","volume":"9 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116757740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Automatic Generation Control of Interconnected Power System using Cuckoo Optimization Algorithm 基于布谷鸟优化算法的互联电力系统自动发电控制

Int. J. Energy Optim. Eng. Pub Date : 2015-04-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJEOE.2015040102

Shanchari Laik, S. Dey, Puja Das, S. Sultana, S. Paul, P. Roy

引用次数: 1

Stability Enhancement in Multi-Machine Power Systems by Fuzzy-based Coordinated AVR-PSS 基于模糊协调AVR-PSS的多机电力系统稳定性增强

Int. J. Energy Optim. Eng. Pub Date : 2015-04-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJEOE.2015040103

Rahmat Khezri, H. Bevrani

引用次数: 3

Optimal Design of Single Machine Power System Stabilizer using Chemical Reaction Optimization Technique 基于化学反应优化技术的单机电力系统稳定器优化设计

Int. J. Energy Optim. Eng. Pub Date : 2015-04-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJEOE.2015040104

S. Paul, P. Roy

引用次数: 3