{"title":"Halal Tourism","authors":"Mohammad Kamali","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197538616.003.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197538616.003.0026","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explores several aspects of halal tourism, including its shifting patterns, international developments, halal values, and facilities, especially in Malaysia, Indonesia, Turkey, and the UAE. It also looks into the issues of halal phobia and reputational risks. Halal tourism, or halal travel, is designed to cater for the needs primarily of millions of Muslims around the globe performing haj or Umrah, visiting the shrines in Mecca and Medina and those in Najaf and Karbala in Iraq. The industry has been making impressive progress in recent years, yet it may still be lagging behind in certain respects, and it has yet to realize its full potential.","PeriodicalId":245507,"journal":{"name":"Shariah and the Halal Industry","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121795209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conclusion and Recommendations","authors":"Mohammad Kamali","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197538616.003.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197538616.003.0027","url":null,"abstract":"This concluding chapter highlights the main themes and findings of the book. It also makes a set of actionable recommendations for the halal industry and halal markets as well as the shariah scholars—all with a view to improve on the impressive range of achievements already made. It is presented in three sections, beginning with a roundup of the challenges facing the halal industry generally and what could be done to address them. Section two is on promoting standardization and shariah-based solutions for outstanding issues, whereas the last section makes recommendations on environmental issues relating to meat eating.","PeriodicalId":245507,"journal":{"name":"Shariah and the Halal Industry","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129047196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gray Areas and Doubtful Matters (al-Shubhat, Mashbuh, Mashkuk)","authors":"M. H. Kamali","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197538616.003.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197538616.003.0014","url":null,"abstract":"The term “gray areas” refers to certain intervening (and often undetermined) matters that fall between the halal and haram. The rules of halal and haram are not exhaustive of all situations and animal types. Doubts may arise mainly because of two factors: either the source evidence of the shariah is not free from doubt in respect of meaning or authenticity, or its application to a particular subject or case is uncertain. Some animals (birds, marine creatures, etc.) are not mentioned in the fiqh books, and one is not sure whether they are lawful or otherwise. Items such as gelatin, insulin, and food additives are also doubtful. This chapter examines these and other doubtful situations, and also what should be done when they arise.","PeriodicalId":245507,"journal":{"name":"Shariah and the Halal Industry","volume":"310 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123092378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Milestones of Development","authors":"Mohammad Kamali","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197538616.003.0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197538616.003.0022","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter addresses halal-related developments in Malaysia, and in particular highlights the following: halal standards, halal certificates, halal parks, and disparity issues in the management of halal industry. According to an industry specialist, Malaysia is the only country in the Muslim world where the halal industry development agenda is also backed by the government, which translates into the existence of a unique ecosystem that allows a synergy between the private and public sectors. In this ecosystem, the private-sector players focus on production, manufacturing, and services, while the public agencies facilitate and coordinate the industry’s progress by providing certification and training.","PeriodicalId":245507,"journal":{"name":"Shariah and the Halal Industry","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130929507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Legal Maxims of Fiqh","authors":"M. H. Kamali","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197538616.003.0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197538616.003.0020","url":null,"abstract":"Legal maxims of fiqh are epithetic statements giving the essence of a detailed legal chapter or issue in a brief sentence or two. This chapter puts together a number of such legal maxims of concern to halal and haram for better understanding, especially for nonspecialists. The maxims are presented in bare skeletal forms and confined to the actual text in English translation, with their equivalent Arabic appearing in Appendix 2. The main purpose is to see how the subjects of concern find expression in this genre of the fiqh literature. The maxims presented are self-explanatory for the most part and endorse the information contained in this volume, though they may occasionally add new points.","PeriodicalId":245507,"journal":{"name":"Shariah and the Halal Industry","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132933036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Recommended (Mandub)","authors":"M. H. Kamali","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197538616.003.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197538616.003.0012","url":null,"abstract":"The recommended (mandub) is the opposite of the reprehensible (makruh). Mandub (also known as sunnah, mustahab, or nafl) denotes an act or conduct that the shariah has recommended, but which is not binding. Certain foods are not only halal but recommendable when taken, such as eating dates for Muslims at breakfast time in Ramadan, or when food combines the qualities of tayyib. To comply with the mandub earns one spiritual rewards, but no punishment is imposed for its neglect. The schools of law have employed a variety of other expressions for mandub, all of which share the basic meaning of recommendable and praiseworthy, albeit with finer distinctions that often consist of sound advice and cultural refinement","PeriodicalId":245507,"journal":{"name":"Shariah and the Halal Industry","volume":"232 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121310057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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