Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Iași. Machine constructions Section最新文献

{"title":"Methods of Carrying Out the Anticipative Maintenance of Fluid Hydrocarbons Transport Systems","authors":"Robert-Gheorghe Vlădescu","doi":"10.2478/bipcm-2021-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bipcm-2021-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The scientific knowledge, transposed into the engineering practice, requires the collection, by using the most state-of-the-art and complete means of the information necessary for the decision to initiate the most appropriate measures of predictive maintenance. In this context, the information provided as a result of the investigation of the pipelines intended for the transport of fluid hydrocarbons with smart pigging devices (cleaning, calibration, geometric, magnetic flux leakage) refers to those pre-existing in the questionnaire of the pipeline of the inspection operation. The values in the questionnaire are used to evaluate the anomalies in the inspection reports (preliminary and final). A quantitative assessment of anomalies is based on, and limited exclusively to the results of the inspection, and does not include any numerical parameters (corrosion growth rates, anodic potential etc.), other than those from In-Line Inspection such as values Estimated Repair Factor (ERF) of anomalies. The questionnaire (initial data provided) of the pipeline to be investigated with smart pigging devices includes at least: pipe diameter, wall thickness, pipe material, design pressure, Maximum Allowable Operating Pressure (MAOP), transported product, curve type, investigation history. The detection thresholds are applied in accordance with the manufacturing standards of the pipes. Generally, the calculation results, namely ERF and safe pressure, based on ASME B31G (Manual for Determining the Remaining Strength of Corroded Pipelines) are used to present the pipeline condition. There are several approaches that can be used to characterize the behavior of corrosion anomalies, both pierced and partial. ASME B31G is a very conservative criterion that helps operators avoid unnecessary cuts. It is based on an empirical adequacy to an extensive series of tests on a full scale on vessels with narrow ridges. Depth-based histograms show the distribution of all metal loss characteristics detected along the entire length of the pipe relative to their location and surface. The approach to the referred issue allows the collection of essential information about the pipeline, and presents summaries of any anomalies of the pipeline, having a comprehensive character.","PeriodicalId":244525,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Iași. Machine constructions Section","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117322694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survey on Regenerative Braking in Electrical and Hybrid Vehicles","authors":"V. Stajilov, C. Bujoreanu","doi":"10.2478/bipcm-2021-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bipcm-2021-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Strict pollution norms make car’s manufacturers to promote electrical and hybrid vehicles (EVs and HEVs). Recuperation system that can capture about 8-25% of the energy is represented by the regenerative brakes, it converts losses of kinetic energy of the car during braking in form of heat to electrical or chemical energy. Regenerative brakes can provide a good increase in car’s autonomy, especially in city driving cycles with high frequency of braking. Also, they reduce friction brakes wear and offer more precisely control of wheel braking torque. A survey in this paper presents basics, uses, types and braking strategies for existing regenerative braking systems with the purpose to identify and detail their limitations. Identifying key factors that have influence on system efficiency allows to elaborate optimizing techniques, strategies and algorithms, applied to existing systems in order to develop future concepts that will overcome current limitations.","PeriodicalId":244525,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Iași. Machine constructions Section","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114769130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solutions for Reducing the Energy Consumed by the Automotive HVAC System","authors":"A. M. Vranau, C. Bujoreanu, V. Caunii","doi":"10.2478/bipcm-2021-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bipcm-2021-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The first cars with air conditioning appeared in the early 1940s. Then, 1500 Packard cars received an air conditioning system developed by Nash. In the 60s about 20% of the total production of cars had air conditioning system. Nowadays car manufacturers consider air conditioning as a standard option and try various solutions to increase thermal comfort and road safety. The air conditioning system in the current configurations is a big energy consumer system. All changes made to reduce the energy consumed will take into account temperature, humidity level, vibration and noise so that human safety and comfort are not affected. The purpose of this paper is to review the ways to reduce the energy consumed by the air conditioning system of cars and their importance.","PeriodicalId":244525,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Iași. Machine constructions Section","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130822241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study Simulation of Umbilical Cable for Underwater Vehicle","authors":"A. Nedelcu, C. Faităr, N. Buzbuchi, L. Stan","doi":"10.2478/bipcm-2021-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bipcm-2021-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper presents a series of analyses regarding the tethered umbilical cable in uniform current cable from the composition of the underwater remotely operated vehicle (ROV). The remotely operated vehicle is used in different undersea operation when it is important to control and determine precisely the disturbance forces generated by drag due to currents that act either on the vehicle directly or indirectly on the tether umbilical cable. The dynamics of umbilical cable represent an important part in ocean environment being used for signal and power transmission application. To perform the simulation in Ansys Aqwa, two axis systems are considered. A coordinate system related to the earth, represented by the key in front of which the measurements are made and a second coordinate system related to the vehicle at a set depth relative to the surface of the key. The results obtained from the simulation show us the drag forces that are exerted on the chosen cable for a given length, drag that appear both the seaborne platforms and underwater remotely vehicle contact.","PeriodicalId":244525,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Iași. Machine constructions Section","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123883821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Operation of the Pumping System with Rods","authors":"Ionel Sorin Ştefan, C. Patrascioiu","doi":"10.2478/bipcm-2021-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bipcm-2021-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The asynchronous electric motor is used in the electric stock industry. The inverter adjusts the speed of an asynchronous motor from level 0 to rated speed. An oil pumping plant comprises the bottom machine and the surface machine. The lower machine consists of the depth pump, gas and sand separator, extraction pipe, pump rods. The surface tool includes the pump unit and other equipment. In turn, the pumping unit consists of the rocker, mechanical gearbox, connecting rods, cranks and electric motor. In pump extraction processes, maximum engine speed and / or power is not required. Significant reductions in power consumption can be achieved by adjusting the engine speed with the help of a converter. This solution can reduce production costs and increase productivity by up to 50-60%. The paper is dedicated to studying the regulation of the asynchronous electric motor using a converter controlled by a Siemens PLC. The equipment used is didactic, being produced by the company ASTI Romania.","PeriodicalId":244525,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Iași. Machine constructions Section","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122438094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aspects Concerning the Use of Magnetoreological Fluids in Construction of Shock Absorbers","authors":"Corneliu-Daniel Ghiorghe, D. Călăraşu","doi":"10.2478/bipcm-2021-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bipcm-2021-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this paper, a review is made of the knowledge about magnetorheological fluids which are part of the class of intelligent materials. These are the fluids that do not comply with Newton’s law, their energization being realized through an external magnetic field. Essentially, magnetorheological fluid is a synthetic solution based on hydrocarbons, populated with soft magnetic particles (easy to magnetize and demagnetize). Shock absorbers that use magnetic fluids are found in the automotive industry for vibration pick-up. The shock absorber with elastic element and magnetorheological fluid presents the following advantages: the possibility of electric control of the stroke and the speed of response of the piston-cylinder system, by a contactless method; it has a simple and reliable construction; the proposed shock absorber is a watertight construction; no internal sealing elements compatible with the magnetorheological fluid are required; the shock absorber does not have components with relative movement at the level of the control element, reducing frictional forces.","PeriodicalId":244525,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Iași. Machine constructions Section","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117077915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Investigation on Assembly Process for High Pressure Injection Pump Components","authors":"D. P. Bistriceanu, C. Bujoreanu","doi":"10.2478/bipcm-2021-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bipcm-2021-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The sealing gaskets are mechanical systems that seal and fill the gap between two or more jointed surfaces. The gasket have been created and designed to prevent leaks that can occur between surfaces subjected to compression and also, to prevent contamination with dust, mud or other impurities from outside of the system. The applicability area of these gaskets has increased visibly and they are currently used in a full range of equipment, such as mechanical transmissions, machines for terrain works, equipment production, etc. The way that seals help to fix and connect the mechanical assemblies, their stress resistance and their durability over the time have been studied by literature. The paper presents the influence of the components assembly in a high-pressure pump and its impact on sealing. Using the Taylor Hobson measurement system and scanning electron microscopy we were able to find out the composition of the gasket studied and determine the dimensional variations, mainly due to the assembly process.","PeriodicalId":244525,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Iași. Machine constructions Section","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132457751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fractures Analysis in High-Pressure Pumps","authors":"R. Iordache, C. Bujoreanu","doi":"10.2478/bipcm-2021-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bipcm-2021-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The wear is a very common physical phenomenon in the mechanical area. It can be observed in different mechanisms in different forms. Depending of the role of the mechanism in the assembly or subassembly of which it is part of, wear can happen. Thus, after a short analysis in the automotive area, it can be observed that in the fuel high pressure pumps, several forms of wear are encountered. Various levels of the wear can be studied. Depending of the working period and the operating conditions of the pump, various types of wear can occur, such as adhesion, corrosion, abrasion, fatigue or erosion. The purpose of this paper is to experimental study a type of wear often encountered in high pressure pumps, whose early identification can be useful in damages prevention in order to assure the pump performance. Some wear examples due to material fractures are described.","PeriodicalId":244525,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Iași. Machine constructions Section","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131532941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Problems in Insuring Maintenance of Transport Systems of Fluid Hydrocarbons Through Metal Pipes","authors":"Robert-Gheorghe Vlădescu","doi":"10.2478/bipcm-2021-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bipcm-2021-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The structural continuity of the and the integrity of the metallic materials specific of pipelines guarantees their exploitation under proper technical conditions and with the minimum reduction of environmental risks, representing a permanent preoccupation and essential condition in the maintenance of the transport systems of fluid hydrocarbons through metallic pipes. Metallic and non-metallic materials coming in contact with a certain environment suffer gradual degradation due to reciprocal interaction. The nature of this interaction can be chemical or electrochemical and this, in time, makes the material unusable due to the structural, dimensional or continuity changes. The resistance to corrosion of a metallic material is closely related to the composition and its structure, to its degree of purity, to the nature and characteristic of the corrosive environment, to the conditions in which the corrosion takes place. When there is uniform corrosion, the behavior of the material is evaluated by the gravimetric index, the penetration index and the volumetric index. The protection against corrosion represents the total measures taken to diminish the destructive action of the environment on materials in working concrete conditions, at the lowest possible cost and by meeting safety conditions. The main means of protection or reduction of the corrosion intensity are the following: treatment of the environment (with the purpose of reducing its aggressivity), coating of the surfaces exposed to the corrosion, application of surface treatments, moving the electrochemical potential of the metal in the field of immunity or passaging and draining of dispersion currents. The displacement of the potential of the metallic material protected in the field of immunity can be ensured by the realization of a galvanic pile with an active anode or by current injection, which opens, as an engineering practice, the way to ensuring the cathodic protection applied to the equipments in contact with an electrolyte (water, oil etc.), as the most modern method of preventing the loss of metallic material and of structural damage of the pipes destined for the transport of fluid hydrocarbons.","PeriodicalId":244525,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Iași. Machine constructions Section","volume":"1634 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129265265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taguchi’s Method Implemented for Wind Blade Design","authors":"B. Rădulescu, Mara-Cristina Rădulescu","doi":"10.2478/bipcm-2021-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bipcm-2021-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper presents the Taguchi method implemented for analyzing different types of wind blade structure.","PeriodicalId":244525,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Iași. Machine constructions Section","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125074593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}