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Remittances, Bank Concentration and Credit Availability in Nigeria 尼日利亚的汇款、银行集中度和信贷可用性
Journal of Development Policy and Practice Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2455133318811727
F. Ajide
{"title":"Remittances, Bank Concentration and Credit Availability in Nigeria","authors":"F. Ajide","doi":"10.1177/2455133318811727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2455133318811727","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The concentration of the Nigerian financial sector has long been recognised to be an important factor affecting the financial stability and welfare at an individual level in the economy. While various studies have been conducted to examine the sensitivity of this phenomenon to macro economy, little has been done to examine the effect of concentration on credit availability in Nigeria. In addition, no study has investigated the role of remittances on the relationship between bank concentration and availability of credit. Taking motivation from the Nigerian banking consolidation exercise, this article examined the effect of remittances and bank concentration on availability of credit in Nigeria. The author employed the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bound test approach for co-integration on Nigerian data for the period of 1986–2015. The results revealed that bank concentration constrains the development of financial sector in Nigeria and remittances improve the level of financial development (credit availability) in the long run but inhibit the availability of credit in the short run. The negative relationship occurs in the short run because of the regulatory framework governing international money transfers in Nigeria, which simply inhibits competition. In the long run, recipients who have received remittances from informal settings would need financial products and services in which those remittances would be banked and further improve the financial sector. It was concluded that since Nigerian financial sector remained underdeveloped, the sector could be driven by encouraging inflow of remittances into the country. Our findings also persist after batteries of robustness check.","PeriodicalId":243965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Development Policy and Practice","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127510245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
The Case for an IGAD Development Bank 成立伊加特开发银行的理由
Journal of Development Policy and Practice Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2455133318812987
Bryane Michael
{"title":"The Case for an IGAD Development Bank","authors":"Bryane Michael","doi":"10.1177/2455133318812987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2455133318812987","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A multilateral development finance institution for the Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD) region represents the chance to create a strong pro-developmental actor—and energise the IGAD itself. Yet, senior IGAD officials will need to look beyond the traditional development banking model if they hope to make an impact of the scale needed to drag these poorest of countries out of poverty. In this article, the author argues for the design of a development bank modelled after successful role models—like the China Development Bank—instead of proven failures. A mix of government and private sector participation, a widely disbursed capital base and a temporary base in London will help ensure the proposed IGAD Communities Development Bank acts as bridge and vector of pro-developmental capitalism in the IGAD region.","PeriodicalId":243965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Development Policy and Practice","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127848770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Providing an Empirical Insight into Nigeria’s Non-acceleration Rate of Unemployment 对尼日利亚非加速失业率的实证分析
Journal of Development Policy and Practice Pub Date : 2018-06-25 DOI: 10.1177/2455133318777161
R. Edeme
{"title":"Providing an Empirical Insight into Nigeria’s Non-acceleration Rate of Unemployment","authors":"R. Edeme","doi":"10.1177/2455133318777161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2455133318777161","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study was necessary since inflation and unemployment are twin macroeconomic variables that exert influence on the policy decision of any economy. Using time series from 1972 to 2015, the ordinary least-squares method was employed to determine both the short-run and long-run Phillips curve to ascertain if it is evident in Nigeria. The non-accelerating inflation rate of unemployment (NAIRU) was also estimated. The results establish the presence of a negative relationship of both inflation and unemployment in the short-run and long-run unemployment, though not significant. Since NAIRU is 11.63, the policy implication is that if the economy was to achieve full employment, an unemployment rate of 11.63 per cent is inevitable.","PeriodicalId":243965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Development Policy and Practice","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123886285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
The New Jan-Dhan: Why Is a Makeover Necessary? 新Jan-Dhan:为什么需要改头换面?
Journal of Development Policy and Practice Pub Date : 2018-06-25 DOI: 10.1177/2455133318777160
Mathew Titus
{"title":"The New Jan-Dhan: Why Is a Makeover Necessary?","authors":"Mathew Titus","doi":"10.1177/2455133318777160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2455133318777160","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Jan-Dhan programme has garnered consistent policy attention across two national governments. Started in February 2011, this programme has gone on to mobilise ₹ 81,203.59 crore (US$12.4 billion approximately) by May 2018 through 31.6 crore ( 316 million) savings accounts. These accounts, spread over thousands of branches and operating in diverse conditions, include banks from the public sector, private sector and rural sector (Regional Rural Banks). The central question this paper tries to address is how we can ensure sustained gains from the programme. This article recommends that a new version of the programme be launched. The justification for this new version arises from evidence of substantive difference among banks already in outreach, product success and service quality. Using available data, this paper identifies banks that have done better than others in mobilising deposits and opening of the accounts. The next phase, this article suggests must direct resources and policy attention to the successful banks and support them by policy and regulatory incentives.","PeriodicalId":243965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Development Policy and Practice","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121808541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The Success of the Link Model Programme in Rural Bangladesh: An Empirical Analysis 链接模式方案在孟加拉国农村的成功:一个实证分析
Journal of Development Policy and Practice Pub Date : 2018-06-04 DOI: 10.1177/2455133318777163
S. Takeda, Go Okui, Nanao Fujimura, H. Abe, Yuka Ohashi, Yuki Oku, K. Kiriyama, Naoki Saeki, Y. Sasaki, Yingying Zhu, Keitou Shu, Tomoharu Takahashi, S. Noda, Kazuki Hao, Kazumasa Hirao, Senichi Kimura
{"title":"The Success of the Link Model Programme in Rural Bangladesh: An Empirical Analysis","authors":"S. Takeda, Go Okui, Nanao Fujimura, H. Abe, Yuka Ohashi, Yuki Oku, K. Kiriyama, Naoki Saeki, Y. Sasaki, Yingying Zhu, Keitou Shu, Tomoharu Takahashi, S. Noda, Kazuki Hao, Kazumasa Hirao, Senichi Kimura","doi":"10.1177/2455133318777163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2455133318777163","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Link Model, a participatory rural appraisal (PRA) programme for micro-infrastructure construction funding aid, has received much attention in Bangladesh over the last few decades. This study aims to contribute to the latest phase of the Link Model project, launched in July 2016 by the Bangladeshi government. To this end, the authors conducted a field survey in Kalihati Upazila, which involved 102 villagers and 153 local representatives. The authors used the survey to examine the efficacy of the programme and to identify the key factors that contribute to its success. Results obtained from the questionnaire survey showed that the programme had high degrees of satisfaction and penetration in the surveyed villages. Moreover, the degree of satisfaction was unaffected by gender, religion, income or education background, which is notably consistent with the ideals of PRA. Villagers who understood the policy better were more satisfied with the micro-infrastructures developed through the Link Model programme. The ratings of union development officers (UDO) strongly correlated with the number of micro-infrastructures. Therefore, this study concludes that the key success factors of Link Model are (a) the understanding of villagers on the programme for quality and (b) the capability of UDO for quantity.","PeriodicalId":243965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Development Policy and Practice","volume":"204 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116505522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Role of Community-based Organisations in Promoting Democratic Local Governance at the Grassroots in Bangladesh 社区组织在促进孟加拉国基层民主地方治理中的作用
Journal of Development Policy and Practice Pub Date : 2018-06-04 DOI: 10.1177/2455133318772410
Md. Imran Hossain Bhuiyan, S. Hassan, K. M. Islam
{"title":"Role of Community-based Organisations in Promoting Democratic Local Governance at the Grassroots in Bangladesh","authors":"Md. Imran Hossain Bhuiyan, S. Hassan, K. M. Islam","doi":"10.1177/2455133318772410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2455133318772410","url":null,"abstract":"Democratic local governance (DLG) is often regarded as a necessary precondition for transforming lives and livelihoods of people living in the rural areas of developing countries. This article tries to answer how community-based organisations (CBOs) shape the way services are delivered by local government agencies in Bangladesh. Furthermore, the article explores how the community’s, especially women’s, demands and interests are being negotiated at local political institutions. In doing so, the research focuses on Union Parishad (UP) as the core institution of the local power structure and Kachukata Gram Unnayan Parishad (GUP) as the case of a women-led CBO. It has been observed that Kachukata GUP has evolved as a full-fledged CBO over the years and currently mobilises marginalised groups to establish their rights and access to various government and non-government organisations. In addition to ensuring gender-responsive governance, GUP is also creating space for participation and developing interactive relationship between the people and power at the grassroots in Bangladesh.","PeriodicalId":243965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Development Policy and Practice","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133834288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Determinants of Household’s Choice of Fuel for Cooking in Developing Countries: Evidence from Nepal 发展中国家家庭选择烹饪燃料的决定因素:来自尼泊尔的证据
Journal of Development Policy and Practice Pub Date : 2018-05-23 DOI: 10.1177/2455133318769392
M. Giri, B. Goswami
{"title":"Determinants of Household’s Choice of Fuel for Cooking in Developing Countries: Evidence from Nepal","authors":"M. Giri, B. Goswami","doi":"10.1177/2455133318769392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2455133318769392","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Using the Nepal Living Standard Survey (NLSS) data, this article identifies the determinants of household’s choice of energy for the purpose of cooking and verifies the energy ladder hypothesis (ELH). A multinomial logit model (MNL) is applied to fulfil this objective. It has been found that cleaner energy is more likely to be used in households where the head of the family has a higher level of education and a higher level of income, whereas larger households and households with higher proportion of dependent members, older person or female as head of the family and rural households are less likely to use cleaner energy. Households located in a place far from markets also do not choose cleaner energy. Further, the likelihood of using cleaner energy in the mountain and Terai regions is less than that in the hilly region. This article applies an ordered logit to the same set of data and confirms the robustness of the results. Suitable policy measures have been suggested to enable a transition towards cleaner sources of energy instead of inferior sources in Nepal.","PeriodicalId":243965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Development Policy and Practice","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122089886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 21
Rethinking the Catalytic Role of Private Sector for Inclusive Growth 重新思考私营部门对包容性增长的促进作用
Journal of Development Policy and Practice Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2455133317737937
Muhamed Zulkhibri
{"title":"Rethinking the Catalytic Role of Private Sector for Inclusive Growth","authors":"Muhamed Zulkhibri","doi":"10.1177/2455133317737937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2455133317737937","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper argues that private firms play a vital role in enhancing inclusive growth prospects as investors, employers and creators of new and upgraded productive potential. Private sector activity matters for inclusive development as well as its quality, sustainability and inclusiveness. In most countries, the private sector is a major component of national income and the major employer and creator of jobs. The analysis suggests that private firms have the capacity to enhance inclusive growth prospects, given their ability to create new and higher value productive capacity. The capability of firms to launch new export products and raise product quality generates higher profitability and productive potential with spill over benefits to other firms and industries. However, private sector activity per se does not automatically result in equality of opportunity across individuals and firms. It has been very thoughtful to many countries to facilitate various actors to come together in public-private collaboration to build ‘Inclusive Business Models’ based on inclusive markets.","PeriodicalId":243965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Development Policy and Practice","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116859232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Can Digital Technologies Play a Role in Improving Children’s Learning Outcomes in India? 数字技术能否在改善印度儿童学习成果方面发挥作用?
Journal of Development Policy and Practice Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2455133317736234
Sashwati Banerjee, S. Chakravarty, Ira Joshi, Siddharth Pillai
{"title":"Can Digital Technologies Play a Role in Improving Children’s Learning Outcomes in India?","authors":"Sashwati Banerjee, S. Chakravarty, Ira Joshi, Siddharth Pillai","doi":"10.1177/2455133317736234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2455133317736234","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study, we explore the effects of an educational intervention in the form of digital games targeted towards improving the learning outcomes in mathematics and Hindi language among first, second and third graders in four government schools in southern New Delhi. In addition to administering these games in the classroom, we randomly recruited 40 households from a low-income community, where children play the games as an extra-curricular activity. We measure the improvement in aptitude in math and Hindi pre- and post-intervention, using various demographic controls and find that the community intervention had some impact in boosting aptitude. In contrast, the school intervention did not show the desired results though it did register some improvement in children’s knowledge. Using qualitative observation coupled with the quantitative assessment of impact, we attempt to deconstruct the various infrastructural challenges and sampling issues posed in our school intervention, and identify key features that need to be adhered to for future researchers who may want to assess the impact of educational interventions on young children from underprivileged backgrounds in India.","PeriodicalId":243965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Development Policy and Practice","volume":"17 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114034170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Social Sector Expenditure in India in the 2000s: Trends and Implications 2000年代印度社会部门支出:趋势和影响
Journal of Development Policy and Practice Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2455133317740449
Soumyadip Chattopadhyay
{"title":"Social Sector Expenditure in India in the 2000s: Trends and Implications","authors":"Soumyadip Chattopadhyay","doi":"10.1177/2455133317740449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2455133317740449","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Acknowledging the contribution of social infrastructure towards building up human capital, this article analyses the trend and pattern of social sector expenditure in India in the 2000s. Rhetorical commitment of successive Indian governments towards inclusive social development and poverty alleviation in the 2000s has not been backed up by adequate financial allocations and this has merely served to maintain the status quo on social sector spending. The new pattern of tax shares between the centre and states has resulted in higher inflow of ‘untied fund’ from the central government accompanied by lower allocations of ‘tied fund’. Subsequently, states have not exhibited any definitive sign of using their newly accrued fiscal autonomy to prioritise social sector expenditure. Along with greater public investment for development of human resources, this article emphasises on the need for appropriate monitoring and evaluation framework, and change in the budget making policy with greater involvement of people directly affected by changes in public policies related to social sector.","PeriodicalId":243965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Development Policy and Practice","volume":"23 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126080599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
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