EngRN: Energy Systems (Topic)最新文献

{"title":"CO2 Monitoring Technologies at the UK Geoenergy Test Bed","authors":"C. Vincent, H. Taylor-Curran, P. Wilkinson, C. Rochelle, S. Gregory, C. Jordan, P. Meldrum, A. Butcher, D. Hawthorn, C. Abesser, Megan J Barnett, M. Fellgett, A. Smith, A. Kilpatrick, Thomas J. Liddy, K. Kirk, R. Luckett, B. Dashwood, J. White, B. Lister, A. Barkwith, S. Schloemer, M. Barrett","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3821568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3821568","url":null,"abstract":"The UK GeoEnergy Test Bed (GTB) is a field research platform initiated by the British Geological Survey and University of Nottingham. The GTB will be used to undertake research to refine strategies and tools for monitoring the zone above CO2 storage reservoir; an essential part of proving site conformance. Research at the GTB will support the emerging CO2 storage industry by enabling testing of innovative sensors and advancing understanding of fluid migration in the shallow subsurface, which will in turn enable more effective monitoring strategies for large-scale storage sites. The GTB comprises an array of above surface and subsurface sensors focused on two CO2 injection wells, one deep (~212 m) and one shallow (~12 m). A permanent sensor array (plus intermittent mobile surveys) will be used to study the acoustic, electro-magnetic, mechanical, geochemical and other relevant properties of the volume of rock and pore fluids around the injection wells, and CO2 levels in the soil and air. The first CO2 injection is planned during 2021. The GTB offers a unique facility in the UK to study CO2 migration at a location where rocks have not previously been exposed to significant quantities of CO2.","PeriodicalId":243799,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Energy Systems (Topic)","volume":"204 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124568820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic Processes of CO2 Storage in the Field Learned from Demonstration Projects at Cranfield, Mississippi and Ordos, China","authors":"Quanlin Zhou","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3821411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3821411","url":null,"abstract":"A number of field-demonstration and industrial-scale projects of geological carbon sequestration (GCS) have been conducted in the world over the last two decades. Hydrological-geophysical-geomechanical monitoring at many of these storage sites provide an opportunity for us to rethink the fundamental processes of CO2 storage in naturally heterogeneous formations. However, complete pictures of field phenomena and processes at most of the sites have not been achieved by integrating field monitoring data with site-characterization data. It often takes years to have a clear picture distilled for a field experiment. Without these pictures of what happened in the field, we could not take advantage of the field testing and monitoring to improve our understanding of the dynamic processes of CO2 storage through site-specific numerical modeling. In this talk, I will present (1) multiscale and multipath channeling of CO2 flow in the hierarchical fluvial reservoir at Cranfield, Mississippi (Zhou et al., 2020a) and (2) thermal fracturing and self-propping induced by liquid CO2 injection into the multilayered reservoirs at Ordos, China (Zhou et al., 2020b). <br><br>At Cranfield, Mississippi, CO2 was injected through injection well F1 into the Lower Tuscaloosa Formation at three step rates from 2.92 to 8.27 kg/s from December 1, 2009 to September 7, 2010. The total CO2 injection of 126,246 metric tonnes was followed by a shut-in from September 7 to 28, 2010, when the two monitoring wells (F2 and F3) were killed. I will present a consistent picture of dynamic channeling, invasion, spreading, and breakthrough (CISB) of supercritical CO2 in the hierarchical fluvial reservoir after ten years of integration and analysis of complementary field-monitoring and characterization data. The dynamic CISB with small-scale CO2-flow channels in the F1-F2-F3 cross section was imaged by daily electrical resistance tomography (ERT) and time-lapse crosswell seismic surveys. One, three, and four CO2-flow channels logged at F1, F2, and F3 respectively were dynamically connected with strong temporal variations in CO2 saturation during 221 days of drainage and 81 days of imbibition. Three intermediate-scale CO2-flow channels (with highest CO2 saturation) normal to the cross section were ERT-imaged during late-time drainage. A large-scale, sinuous fluvial CO2-flow channel was imaged by repeat surface seismic survey at the end of the imbibition. The fluvial sandstone channel sinuously bypasses the F1-F2-F3 cross section in a point bar, but the channel is connected to the cross section through an intermediate-scale sandstone channel, forming a complicated flow-channel network. The multiscale flow-channel network (in the fluvial-channel-point-bar system) revealed from the observed CISB enables us to consistently interpret the hydrological monitoring data of three tracer tests, each conducted during an injection-rate step, and pre-injection hydraulic-thermal-tracer tests. This interpretatio","PeriodicalId":243799,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Energy Systems (Topic)","volume":"182 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122050583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved Performance Models Application to Field Scale GCS Simulation","authors":"I. Bogdanov, J. Torres, A. Brisset, S. Thibeau, Mahmoudreza Jazayeri Noushabadi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3820936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3820936","url":null,"abstract":"The numerical simulation plays an increasingly important role in different stages of geological carbon storage (GCS) applications both in the research and industrial projects. In particular, storage verification, risk mitigation, monitoring and matching activities often imply the necessity to perform massive computations at different description scale. It turned out that for the practically valuable GCS cases the typical time and space scales are significantly larger compared to typical reservoir simulation. So, from one side, a number of obstacles related to available computational resources may become prohibitive when complex reservoir simulation approaches are in use for a GCS application. From the other side, this makes inevitable the development of simplified methods with improved computational performance like, for instance, the so-called vertically integrated (VI) models based on partial integration of the system of multiphase flow and energy equations. The main idea of the method is the reduced model dimension so that an initial full 3D model can be substitute by equivalent 2D one; for the latter, despite several known limitations, the dedicated approaches and computer models were developed, tested and applied for the GCS simulation. The main objectives of our work were to develop and test the reduced 2D models with improved computational performance and sufficient accuracy and to study their domain of applicability for field scale simulation in rather different context. <br><br>Strictly speaking, to avoid some discrepancies in model consideration compared to “standard” 2D multiphase flow formulation the application of the partial integration technique requires additional assumptions. Being one of them the vertical flow equilibrium assumption removes the ambiguity in phase vertical distribution which is necessary to close the 2D flow problem formulation. At the initial step the general workflow was developed for 3D model transformation (via integration over dip-normal direction and subsequent application of the vertical equilibrium assumption), for the case of sharp interface between the carbon dioxide phase and the brine-in-place phase. This workflow includes the adaptation of single and multiphase transport properties, the material (saturation dependent) functions and the procedure of vertical profiles reconstruction for saturation(s) and pressure. The summary of principal aspects of the workflow including particular approaches and procedures is reported. It should be specified that at this stage the resulting governing equations relating (vertically) averaged saturations dynamics to the pressure at the aquifer top, may be applied using a dedicated reservoir simulator for a field-scale study of the GCS in a deep saline aquifer. It is shown that taking advantage of these processed data the robust estimation of storage capacity, reservoir pressure variation, CO₂ plume dynamics could be carried out. <br><br>Two large scale appli","PeriodicalId":243799,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Energy Systems (Topic)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127279424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexible Calcium Looping System for CO2 Capture From Coal-Fired Power Plants: A Comprehensive Modelling Study on Part-Load and Dynamic Performance and Economic Optimization of the Sorbent Storage System","authors":"M. Astolfi, Edoardo De Lena, F. Casella, M. Romano","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3811549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3811549","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, an advanced Calcium looping (CaL) power plant with thermochemical energy storage system is assessed. The CaL system is equipped with two solids storage silos storing calcined solids from the calciner and carbonated solids from the carbonator. The presence of the solids storage allows to design and operate the CaL calciner line (calciner, ASU, CPU) on the average load of the existing power plant, while the carbonator can follow the load of the conventional power plant with air-blown boiler. The economic analysis carried out shows that the optimal size of the storage system from an economic and logistical point of view is on the daily cycle, which shows a cost of CO2 avoided (CCA) of 31 €/tCO2, about 16% less than the case without storage. In addition, the adoption of the storage system allows the CaL steam cycle to operate with a higher average daily electrical efficiency than without storage, limiting the operation at partial load. Moreover, by exploiting the secondary storage it is possible to have an increase of about 20 MWe respect to the nominal condition, and a reduction of about 56 MWe below the minimum load. As demonstrated by studying the dynamics of the system, the increase in power output can be produced in a relatively short time (40% within 40s and the remaining 60% within 300s) by boosting the hot CaO flow through the sorbent cooling line.","PeriodicalId":243799,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Energy Systems (Topic)","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132336080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MOF4AIR Project (H2020): Metal Organic Frameworks for Carbon Dioxide Adsorption Processes in Power Production and Energy Intensive Industries","authors":"N. Heymans, Marie-Eve Duprez, G. De Weireld","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3821559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3821559","url":null,"abstract":"Power generation and carbon-intensive industries are responsible of a large share of the anthropogenic CO2 emissions into the atmosphere and play an important role in the greenhouse effect and global warming. Shifting towards a low-carbon economy needs, in addition to reductions at source and use of renewable energy, cost-effective novel carbon capture solution to be conceived, tested and deployed. Current mature solutions either suffer from elevated energy penalties and environmental impacts like in amines-based adsorption and lot of other solutions simply cannot offer sufficient performances. Adsorption processes are promising alternatives for capturing CO2 from power plants and other energy intensive industries as cement, steel or petrochemical industries.<br><br>In this regard, Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are a widely studied class of porous adsorbents (recent crystallized porous materials) that offers tremendous potential, owing to their large CO2 adsorption capacity and high CO2 affinity (MOFs can be tuned to create specific adsorption sites associated for trapping CO2). However, the performances of MOF-based carbon capture technologies have not been fully evaluated with flue gases on industrial sites.<br><br>In this context, the MOF4AIR project (H2020 LC-SC3-NZE-1-2018) gathers 14 partners from 8 countries and aims to develop, validate and demonstrate the performances of MOF-based CO2 capture technologies (VPSA and MBTSA) in power plants and energy intensive industries. The developed capture solutions will be demonstrated in real environment (TRL 6) on 3 demonstration sites. MOF4AIR aims to foster the uptake of CCUS technologies by providing a TRL6-reliable solution matching end users' needs. The solutions developed will be highly replicable thanks to the consideration of a wide range of carbon intensive sectors and clusters.<br>","PeriodicalId":243799,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Energy Systems (Topic)","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127084265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of Constructive-Technological Decisions of Regulation of Working Capacitance of Cables of Industrial Networks","authors":"G. Bezprozvannych, I. Kostiukov, O. Pushkar","doi":"10.20998/2074-272X.2021.1.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2074-272X.2021.1.07","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Over the past 10 years, the number of industrial networks has more than doubled. At the physical level, all industrial technology networks are based on twisted pair. Purpose. Synthesis of constructive-technological decisions of regulation of electric capacitance of the insulated conductor at a stage of manufacturing of twisted pair of cables of industrial networks. Methodology. The method of secondary charges to determine the capacitance of the insulated conductor by varying the thickness of the solid and foamed polyethylene insulation. Practical value. Effective regulation is provided on the basis of the obtained dependencies of the effective dielectric constant, the tangent of the dielectric loss angle and the capacitance of the insulated conductor on the degree of foaming and the thickness of the protective film of two-layer insulation. At a degree of porosity of 40 %, the dielectric constant decreases by 25 %, the tangent of the dielectric loss angle – by 33 %, the electrical capacitance of the insulated conductor – by 20 %.<br><br>","PeriodicalId":243799,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Energy Systems (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122214603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breakdown Voltage of Micron Range Air Inclusions in Capacitor Paper","authors":"O. О. Palchykov","doi":"10.20998/2074-272x.2020.6.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2074-272x.2020.6.05","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To substantiate the breakdown mechanism of capacitor paper on the basis of numerical-field models with segmented cross-sections of cylindrical volumes of air and water, and also use the proposed models to determine the breakdown strength of air in micron-sized gaps under normal conditions. Methodology. The model bases on a finite element solution to an electrostatic problem in a volume of capacitor paper consisting of cellulose and pores with air and water. First, the possible scenarios for the growth of breakdown in capacitor paper are analyzed and to the conclusion is made, that complete breakdown developed from a partial breakdown in the air cavity. A brand of capacitor paper is chosen in such a way that when its thickness changed, the breakdown strength of the electric field changed over a wide range. Then, for the paper with the lowest average electric field intensity the possibility of explaining the complete breakdown by the breakdown of air segments on the basis of the Paschen dependence is checked. Further points of the obtained dependence by constructing models of papers of the same brand and a different thickness under the assumption of the similarity of electrostatic fields are determined. As such a criterion, the constancy of the equivalent effective permittivity are taken. Results. The dependence of the breakdown strength of the air in the range of 1.36...5.54 μm under normal conditions is determined. The obtained relationship is between the Peschot and Taev curves. Originality. For the first time, the possibility of indirectly estimation the breakdown strength of an insulating material using an electrostatic field model is indicated. Practical value. The proposed method for the numerical calculation of the breakdown voltage of air inclusions in the presence of water inclusions in the thickness of solid insulation can be applied to other types of solid thin-layer insulation.<br>","PeriodicalId":243799,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Energy Systems (Topic)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129305352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Justification of Safe Underground Development of Mountain Deposits of Complex Structure by Geophysical Methods","authors":"V. Lyashenko, O. Khomenko, T. Chekushina, Fedor Topolnij","doi":"10.15587/2706-5448.2020.215737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2020.215737","url":null,"abstract":"The object of research is the technology and technical means for underground mining of ores in energy disturbed massifs of complex structure. One of the most problematic areas is the formation of man-made voids, which affect the emergence and redistribution of the stress-strain state (SSS) of the rock mass. Their existence in the earth’s crust provokes the influence of geomechanical and seismic phenomena, up to the level of earthquakes.<br><br>The study used:<br><br>– data from literary sources and patent documents in the field of technologies and technical means for underground mining of ores in energy disturbed massifs of complex structure, substantiation of safe technological parameters of operating units;<br><br>– laboratory and production experiments;<br><br>– physical modeling and selection of compositions of hardening mixtures.<br><br>Analytical studies, comparative analysis of theoretical and practical results using standard and new methods were carried out with the participation of the authors.<br><br>The issues of geodynamic monitoring of the stress-strain state of the rock mass for the safe development of rock-type ore deposits are considered. The interaction of natural and man-made factors is shown to ensure the geomechanical balance of ore-bearing massifs and the earth’s surface in the area of subsoil development over a long period of time. The safe geometrical and technological parameters of the chamber system for the development of ore deposits of complex structure with backfilling of the worked-out space with hardening mixtures, including environmental safety, as well as the social factor, are substantiated, which are implemented in the instructions, standards and practice of ore mines in Ukraine. The research results can be used in underground mining of ore deposits of complex structure in Ukraine, the Russian Federation, the Republic of Kazakhstan and other developed mining countries of the world.","PeriodicalId":243799,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Energy Systems (Topic)","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116299223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research of Influence Ballistic Characteristics of Weapons on the Shooting Efficiency Taking Into Account the Safety of the Small Arm Use","authors":"A. Bilenko, A. Kyrychenko, R. Kaidalov","doi":"10.15587/2706-5448.2020.205125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2020.205125","url":null,"abstract":"The object of research is the process of performing a fire mission by employees of the security forces in the presence of unauthorized persons in the direction of fire. The paper investigates the influence of the ballistic characteristics of weapons on the effectiveness of performing fire missions by security forces, taking into account the security of the use of weapons. The purpose of the use of weapons by security forces is usually the cessation of the offender or its detention. In this case, the deaths or injuries of a hostage or an unauthorized person as a result of the use of weapons should qualify as failure to fulfill the assigned fire mission. An analysis of the tactics of actions and features of the use of weapons by security forces indicates that the main reason for the danger of the use of small arms for unauthorized persons is the excessive distance of the bullet’s flight, at which it maintains lethal action. At the same time, with this the distance of the lethal action of a bullet is one of the factors that can be corrected. It depends on a combination of the ballistic characteristics of the weapon, namely the muzzle speed and the ballistic coefficient of the bullet. The analysis of known studies shows that the existing scientific and methodological apparatus for determining the effectiveness of firing does not allow to determine the effectiveness of the execution of the fire mission, taking into account the safety of the use of small arms due to the imperfection of the corresponding models. The model of the process of performing the fire mission has been improved by taking into account the influence of the ballistic characteristics of the weapon on the probability of hitting unauthorized persons, which makes it possible to assess the safety of the use of weapons. As a result of the study of the influence of ballistic characteristics of weapons on firing efficiency, taking into account the safety of the use of weapons, it was found that there is a need to minimize the difference between the aiming range of the weapon and the range at which the bullet maintains lethal action. Excessive energy of a bullet increases the likelihood of hitting an outsider due to an increase in the area of the danger zone of its destruction as a result of through penetration of the target. The probability of performing a fire mission with a limitation on the safety of using weapons is positively affected by increasing the stability of the muzzle speed of a bullet.","PeriodicalId":243799,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Energy Systems (Topic)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115270615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Security Enhancements over AODV Using Multi-hop Acknowledgment","authors":"A. Saravanan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3604858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3604858","url":null,"abstract":"In most applications of Mobile Ad-hoc Networking and Wireless Sensor networks (WSNs), security and power consumption is a recurring problem which is very difficult to solve due to unpredictable behaviour, environmental changes and mobility of nodes. TERP is a Trust based Energy Routing Protocol that considers the energy conservation and security aspects of WSNs. It is an improved version of AODV and ensures low power consumption while adding a trust based system to the reactive nature of AODV. It also provides the solutions for the most basic attacks like node selfishness, spoofing, misbehaviour and packet sniffing. But black-hole attack, gray-hole attack, Sybil and wormhole attacks are yet to be addressed in the TERP. This paper provides a solution to detect and prevent the node misbehaviour and gray-hole attack. TERP identifies the node misbehaviour using direct and indirect trust recommendations received from neighbour nodes. The detection rate of misbehaving nodes is less during the initial life of the network. Therefore we propose a method that detects the node misbehaviour during the initial life by using a multi-hop acknowledgement system. The simulation results show that the proposed method performs well in detecting the gray-hole and node misbehaviour.<br>","PeriodicalId":243799,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Energy Systems (Topic)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114277722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}