Robotics eJournal最新文献

The Unspoken Arms Race: Neurowarfare 不言而喻的军备竞赛:神经战

Robotics eJournal Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3943670

Grant T. Turner

引用次数: 0

People Prefer Moral Discretion to Procedurally Fair Algorithms: Algorithm Aversion Beyond Intransparency 比起程序公平的算法，人们更喜欢道德自由裁量权:超越不透明的算法厌恶

Robotics eJournal Pub Date : 2021-05-31 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3857292

J. Jauernig, Matthias W. Uhl, G. Walkowitz

{"title":"People Prefer Moral Discretion to Procedurally Fair Algorithms: Algorithm Aversion Beyond Intransparency","authors":"J. Jauernig, Matthias W. Uhl, G. Walkowitz","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3857292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3857292","url":null,"abstract":"We explore aversion to the use of algorithms in moral decision-making. So far, this aversion has been explained mainly by the fear of opaque decisions that are potentially biased. Using incentivized experiments, we study which role the desire for human discretion in moral decision-making plays. This seems justified in light of evidence suggesting that people might not doubt the quality of algorithmic decisions, but still reject them. In our first study, we found that people prefer humans with decision-making discretion to algorithms that rigidly apply exogenously given human-created fairness principles to specific cases. In the second study, we found that people do not prefer humans to algorithms because they appreciate flesh-and-blood decision-makers per se, but because they appreciate humans’ freedom to transcend fairness principles at will. Our results contribute to a deeper understanding of algorithm aversion. They indicate that emphasizing the transparency of algorithms that clearly follow fairness principles might not be the only element for fostering societal algorithm acceptance and suggest reconsidering certain features of the decision-making process.","PeriodicalId":243052,"journal":{"name":"Robotics eJournal","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122966058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Robo-Advisory: From Investing Principles and Algorithms to Future Developments 机器人咨询:从投资原则和算法到未来发展

Robotics eJournal Pub Date : 2021-01-31 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3776826

Adam Grealish, Petter N. Kolm

{"title":"Robo-Advisory: From Investing Principles and Algorithms to Future Developments","authors":"Adam Grealish, Petter N. Kolm","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3776826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3776826","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in financial technology have led to the development of easy-to-use online platforms referred to as robo-advisors or digital-advisors, offering automated investment and portfolio management services to retail investors. By leveraging algorithms embodying well-established investment principles and the availability of exchange traded funds (ETFs) and liquid securities in different asset classes, robo-advisors automatically manage client portfolios that deliver similar or better investment performance at a lower cost as compared to traditional financial retail services. \u0000 \u0000In this chapter we explore how robo-advisors translate core investing principles and best practices into algorithms. We discuss client onboarding and algorithmic approaches to client risk assessment and financial planning. We review portfolio strategies available on robo-advisor platforms and algorithmic implementations of ongoing portfolio management and risk monitoring. Since robo-advisors serve individual retail investors, tax management is a focal point on most platforms. We devote substantial attention to automated implementations of a number of tax optimization strategies, including tax-loss harvesting and asset location. Finally, we explore future developments in the robo-advisory space related to goal-based investing, portfolio personalization, and cash management.","PeriodicalId":243052,"journal":{"name":"Robotics eJournal","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122645109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

NAYAN-Narrator for the Visually Impaired 为视障人士设计的nayan解说员

Robotics eJournal Pub Date : 2020-11-23 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3735885

Saurav Ubarhande, Akash Magdum, Hritvik Pawar, Soham Phutane, S. Sengupta

引用次数: 1

Decentralized Autonomous Organizations – Internal Governance and External Legal Design 分权自治组织——内部治理和外部法律设计

Robotics eJournal Pub Date : 2020-07-15 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3652481

Wulf A. Kaal

引用次数: 4

Analytical and Physical Modeling of the Magnetically Active Part of a Linear Electric Generator with Permanent Magnets 永磁体线性发电机磁活动部分的分析与物理建模

Robotics eJournal Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2020.205154

O. Rezinkin, A. Getman, S. Buryakovskiy, Borys Kubrik

{"title":"Analytical and Physical Modeling of the Magnetically Active Part of a Linear Electric Generator with Permanent Magnets","authors":"O. Rezinkin, A. Getman, S. Buryakovskiy, Borys Kubrik","doi":"10.15587/1729-4061.2020.205154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2020.205154","url":null,"abstract":"Linear electric generators are increasingly used in autonomous systems that require a compact source of electricity and when it is necessary to simplify mechanisms of power systems. To study the characteristics of a linear electric generator, an analytical model of its magnetically active part was proposed. The model is based on the assumption of the periodicity of linear translational motion of the armature relative to the stationary cylindrical winding. Based on the representation of the magnetic field of the generator’s armature by cylindrical harmonics of the scalar potential, the magnetic flux generated by the inductor was analyzed. The inductor design contains several pairwise oppositely oriented cylindrical permanent magnets. The use of representations based on cylindrical harmonics for the magnetic flux and EMF induced in a circular circuit has made it possible to substantiate the rational number of cylindrical armature magnets and their geometric parameters. The losses caused by the technological necessity of using annular magnets instead of solid continuous cylindrical ones with the same overall dimensions were estimated. Analysis of losses of the magnetic flux linkage with the current winding resulting from the presence of technologically necessary clearance between the permanent magnets and the winding sections was carried out. An analysis of arrangement and switching of the winding sections was carried out. It has made it possible to justify the choice of rational cross-sectional dimensions. For experimental verification of the analytically obtained results, a physical model of a linear electric generator with an armature containing permanent cylindrical magnets was designed. Its translational periodic movement was provided through an external electric drive. Analysis of the EMF dependences recorded with a digital oscilloscope with a small (5 %) error has confirmed the obtained analytical results and correctness of the theses underlying the model","PeriodicalId":243052,"journal":{"name":"Robotics eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116838382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Voice Biometric Identity Authentication Model for IoT Devices 物联网设备的语音生物识别身份认证模型

Robotics eJournal Pub Date : 2020-05-31 DOI: 10.5121/ijsptm.2020.9201

Salahaldeen Duraibi

引用次数: 12

Robo-Advisors - Market Impact and Fiduciary Duty of Care to Retail Investors Robo-Advisors -对散户投资者的市场影响和信托责任

Robotics eJournal Pub Date : 2020-02-13 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3539122

Demo Clarke

{"title":"Robo-Advisors - Market Impact and Fiduciary Duty of Care to Retail Investors","authors":"Demo Clarke","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3539122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3539122","url":null,"abstract":"Robo-advisor is a product of the current wave of digitalization. This phenomenon is referred to as the 4th industrial revolution based on the implementation of artificial intelligence and robotics. This article explores the impact of robo-advisors on the wealth management industry and examines their capability of providing the same fiduciary duty of care as human financial advisors. Robo-advisor was built on the principle of lower management fees through passive investment vehicles, 24/7 access to client’s portfolio on mobile devices, easier onboarding processes, and algorithm enhanced decision making for less sophisticated investors who would otherwise not be qualified for a traditional human financial advisor. Traditional wealth managers and private bankers viewed the technology as a mass market way of delivering cheap basic services and thus not relevant to serve their high end clientele. However, robo-advisor is poised to grow at a rate of 33% annually over the next five years. To gain market share, incumbent wealth management firms are imitating the robo-advisor business model by creating in-house robo platform and positioning themselves via strategic acquisitions and partnerships. \u0000 \u0000The Robo-advisor algorithms has brought new regulatory challenges to the industry, critics argued that robo-advisors compromise the fiduciary duty of care when providing financial advice to its clients because it doesn’t offer enough personalized financial advice to clients. However, the research shows that the fiduciary duty of care is managed with the use of modern portfolio theory (MPT) and by providing full disclosure of any conflict of interest to client which is permissible, as long as they are disclosed to the clients. The study is a systematic literature review conducted using electronic databases that covers the period from 2015 to 2020.","PeriodicalId":243052,"journal":{"name":"Robotics eJournal","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122467418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Answering Impossible Questions: Content Governance in an Age of Disinformation 回答不可能的问题:虚假信息时代的内容治理

Robotics eJournal Pub Date : 2020-01-14 DOI: 10.37016/mr-2020-005

John Bowers, Jonathan Zittrain

{"title":"Answering Impossible Questions: Content Governance in an Age of Disinformation","authors":"John Bowers, Jonathan Zittrain","doi":"10.37016/mr-2020-005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37016/mr-2020-005","url":null,"abstract":"The governance of online platforms has unfolded across three eras – the era of Rights (which stretched from the early 1990s to about 2010), the era of Public Health (from 2010 through the present), and the era of Process (of which we are now seeing the first stirrings). Rights-era conversations and initiatives amongst regulators and the public at large centered dominantly on protecting nascent spaces for online discourse against external coercion. The values and doctrine developed in the Rights era have been vigorously contested in the Public Health era, during which regulators and advocates have focused (with minimal success) on establishing accountability for concrete harms arising from online content, even where addressing those harms would mean limiting speech. In the era of Process, platforms, regulators, and users must transcend this stalemate between competing values frameworks, not necessarily by uprooting Rights-era cornerstones like CDA 230, but rather by working towards platform governance processes capable of building broad consensus around how policy decisions are made and implemented. Some first steps in this direction, preliminarily explored here, might include making platforms \"information\" or “content�? fiduciaries, delegating certain key policymaking decisions to entities outside of the platforms themselves, and systematically archiving data and metadata about disinformation detected and addressed by platforms.","PeriodicalId":243052,"journal":{"name":"Robotics eJournal","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125556612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Testing the Automation Revolution Hypothesis 测试自动化革命假说

Robotics eJournal Pub Date : 2019-12-27 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3496364

Keller Scholl, R. Hanson

引用次数: 6