{"title":"Hyperspectral remote sensing data to map hazardous materials in a rural and industrial district: The Podgorica dwellings case studies","authors":"R. Cavalli, S. Pascucci, S. Pignatti","doi":"10.1109/WHISPERS.2009.5289026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WHISPERS.2009.5289026","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present the results of a hyperspectral airborne and in situ campaign in Montenegro aimed at individuating and monitoring two hazardous materials. They are the residues of the bauxite processing, i.e. red mud, and the asbestos fibers applied in the building materials. We perform laboratory analyses of asbestoscement, red mud and soil samples collected in the study area for (a) recognizing the dominant minerals using XRay Diffraction and X-Ray Fluorescence; (b) identifying the optical characteristics of the samples using a portable field spectrometer; and (c) characterizing their spectral features and remote sensing detection requirements. A least-squares fitting procedure, on the basis of the significant red mud and asbestos-cement reflectance spectral features, was applied to airborne hyperspectral remote sensing data collected over the study area. Results show that hyperspectral remote sensing data can provide an efficient, fast and repeatable tool for mapping and monitoring the diffusion of pollutants providing the location of the hazardous areas to be checked.","PeriodicalId":242447,"journal":{"name":"2009 First Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing: Evolution in Remote Sensing","volume":"154 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128923654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tsung-Han Chan, Wing-Kin Ma, Chong-Yung Chi, A. Arulmurugan
{"title":"Hyperspectral unmixing from a convex analysis and optimization perspective","authors":"Tsung-Han Chan, Wing-Kin Ma, Chong-Yung Chi, A. Arulmurugan","doi":"10.1109/WHISPERS.2009.5289018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WHISPERS.2009.5289018","url":null,"abstract":"In hyperspectral remote sensing, unmixing a data cube into spectral signatures and their corresponding abundance fractions plays a crucial role in analyzing the mineralogical composition of a solid surface. This paper describes a convex analysis perspective to (unsupervised) hyperspectral unmixing. Such an endeavor is not only motivated by the recent prevalence of convex optimization in signal processing, but also by the nature of hyperspectral unmixing (specifically, non-negativity and full additivity of abundances) that makes convex analysis a very suitable tool. By the notion of convex analysis, we formulate two optimization problems for solving hyperspectral unmixing, which have the intuitive ideas following the works by Craig and Winter respectively but adopt an optimization treatment different from those previous works. We show the connection of the two hyperspectral unmixing optimization problems, by proving that their optimal solutions become identical when pure pixels exist in the data. We also illustrate how the two problems can be conveniently handled by alternating linear programming. Monte Carlo simulations are presented to demonstrate the efficacy of the two hyperspectral unmixing formulations.","PeriodicalId":242447,"journal":{"name":"2009 First Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing: Evolution in Remote Sensing","volume":"188 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122354841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improved hyperspectral anomaly detection in heavy-tailed backgrounds","authors":"S. Adler-Golden","doi":"10.1109/WHISPERS.2009.5289019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WHISPERS.2009.5289019","url":null,"abstract":"A new metric for anomaly detection in hyperspectral imagery is developed to account for anisotropic heavy tails in covariance-whitened data. The anisotropy, consisting of a variation in tail heaviness with principal component number, commonly occurs when the number of linearly independent components representing the data to within the noise level is less than the number of data dimensions. The detection metric is generated by representing the probability density function of the data with an empirical anisotropic super-Gaussian model for the probability density function. Its performance exceeds that of the RX and Subspace RX methods in examples from CAP ARCHER and HyMap imagery.","PeriodicalId":242447,"journal":{"name":"2009 First Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing: Evolution in Remote Sensing","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130525023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Hueni, J. Bieseman, F. Dell'Endice, E. Alberti, K. Meuleman, M. Schaepman
{"title":"The structure of the APEX (airborne prism experiment) Processing and Archiving Facility","authors":"A. Hueni, J. Bieseman, F. Dell'Endice, E. Alberti, K. Meuleman, M. Schaepman","doi":"10.1109/WHISPERS.2009.5289106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WHISPERS.2009.5289106","url":null,"abstract":"APEX is a Swiss-Belgian project for the realization of an airborne imaging spectrometer within the framework of the ESA Prodex Programme. The project's emphasis is on delivering products characterized by high level accuracy to the user community. This objective relies on the concept and the actuation of two fundamental phases: (a) instrument calibration and (b) data processing. An accurate instrument calibration procedure is required in order to achieve a proper knowledge of the instrument behavior. The calibration information is structured into calibration cubes. These calibration cubes are then integrated into the specialized processing for data calibration to convert the raw system data into physical (spectral, radiometric, spatial) units. Higher-level products can be ordered and configured by the end users via according web interfaces. The dedicated APEX Processing and Archiving Facility (PAF) is hosted and operated by VITO.","PeriodicalId":242447,"journal":{"name":"2009 First Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing: Evolution in Remote Sensing","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130661274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multiple instance and context dependent learning in hyperspectral data","authors":"P. Torrione, Christopher R. Ratto, L. Collins","doi":"10.1109/WHISPERS.2009.5289021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WHISPERS.2009.5289021","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a powerful tool for various remote sensing tasks including agricultural modeling and landmine/ unexploded ordnance clearance. Although the application of standard supervised learning techniques to HSI data has previously been explored, several aspects of hyperspectral data collection and ground truth labeling make some of the assumptions underlying standard machine learning techniques invalid. For example, HSI is highly dependent upon local environmental conditions, and pixel-by-pixel labels for HSI data are often not available. As a result, data from hyperspectral sensing under various scenarios is not typically i.i.d., and correct data labels must be inferred from training data while learning decision boundaries. In this work we explore two possible solutions to these problems: context-dependent learning for overcoming variations between collections, and multiple instance learning for simultaneously inferring local target labels and global target decision boundaries. Results are compared to standard logistic discriminant classification approaches.","PeriodicalId":242447,"journal":{"name":"2009 First Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing: Evolution in Remote Sensing","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132409001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"4D deconvolution and demixing for supernova follow-up","authors":"S. Bongard, É. Thiébaut, F. Soulez, E. Pecontal","doi":"10.1109/WHISPERS.2009.5289034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WHISPERS.2009.5289034","url":null,"abstract":"We present an inverse problem approach to jointly solve a problem of deconvolution and demixing of sources from 4D (x, y, λ, t) astronomical data obtained by observing a supernova and its host galaxy at different epochs. In order to obtain supernova spectra of high photometric quality, we take special care of avoiding demixing biases and deconvolution artifacts caused by the very limited size of the field of view. We assert the performances of our method on realistic simulated data.","PeriodicalId":242447,"journal":{"name":"2009 First Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing: Evolution in Remote Sensing","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123141224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of radiative transfer in physics-based models for an improved understanding of empirical hyperspectral data","authors":"S. Matteoli, Emmett Ientilucci, J. Kerekes","doi":"10.1109/WHISPERS.2009.5288986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WHISPERS.2009.5288986","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the methodology of detecting targets in airborne or satellite hyperspectral imagery using physicsbased models. More specifically, the radiative transfer inherently coupled to various physical models is considered. In fact, taking into account atmospheric effects is crucial in target detection applications, especially when dealing with targets that are particularly difficult to detect. Many tools have been developed independently which incorporate physical models that simulate atmospheric radiation transfer. Some (e.g. DIRSIG) predict sensor-reaching radiance while others (e.g. FLAASH, ATREM) retrieve ground-leaving reflectance by removing atmospheric effects. With the final aim of performing forward modeling target detection on a particularly challenging scenario, this paper illustrates the preliminary study carried out in order to assess the physical model employed and achieve a better data understanding before proceeding to detection. A cross-comparison between some well-known and established models, in addition to forward modeling, is examined. Results reveal the need for better understanding of real data by identifying the major sources of uncertainty. The strong impact of atmospheric condition uncertainty and adjacency effects, along with, though to a lesser extent, further inaccuracy introduced by possible calibration and spectral library measurement errors, are all factors that will be investigated in future work.","PeriodicalId":242447,"journal":{"name":"2009 First Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing: Evolution in Remote Sensing","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123463324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Morphological scale-space for hyperspectral images and dimensionality exploration using tensor modeling","authors":"S. Velasco-Forero, J. Angulo","doi":"10.1109/WHISPERS.2009.5289059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WHISPERS.2009.5289059","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a framework to integrate spatial information into unsupervised feature extraction for hyperspectral images. In this approach a nonlinear scale-space representation using morphological levelings is formulated. In order to apply feature extraction, Tensor Principal Components are computed involving spatial and spectral information. The proposed method has shown significant gain over the conventional schemes used with real hyperspectral images. In addition, the proposed framework opens a wide field for future developments in which spatial information can be easily integrated into the feature extraction stage. Examples using real hyperspectral images with high spatial resolution showed excellent performance even with a low number of training samples.","PeriodicalId":242447,"journal":{"name":"2009 First Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing: Evolution in Remote Sensing","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126318620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Meade, C. Clarke, F. Bonnier, K. Poon, Amaya Garcia, P. Knief, K. Ostrowska, L. Salford, H. Nawaz, F. Lyng, H. Byrne
{"title":"Functional and pathological analysis of biological systems using vibrational spectroscopy with chemometric and heuristic approaches","authors":"A. Meade, C. Clarke, F. Bonnier, K. Poon, Amaya Garcia, P. Knief, K. Ostrowska, L. Salford, H. Nawaz, F. Lyng, H. Byrne","doi":"10.1109/WHISPERS.2009.5288989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WHISPERS.2009.5288989","url":null,"abstract":"Vibrational spectroscopy (Raman and FTIR microspectroscopy) is an attractive modality for the analysis of biological samples since it provides a complete non-invasive acquisition of the biochemical fingerprint of the sample. Studies in our laboratory have applied vibrational spectroscopy to the analysis of biological function in response to external agents (chemotherapeutic drugs, ionising radiation, nanoparticles), together with studies of the pathology of tissue (skin and cervix) in health and disease. Genetic algorithms have been used to optimize spectral treatments in tandem with the analysis of the data (using generalized regression neural networks (GRNN), artificial neural networks (ANN), partial least squares modelling (PLS), and support vector machines (SVM)), to optimize the complete analytical scheme and maximize the predictive capacity of the spectroscopic data. In addition we utilise variable selection techniques to focus on spectral features that provide maximal classification or regression of the spectroscopic data against analytical targets. This approach has yielded interesting insights into the variation of biochemical features of the biological system with its state, and has also provided the means to develop further the analytical and predictive capabilities of vibrational spectroscopy in biological analysis.","PeriodicalId":242447,"journal":{"name":"2009 First Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing: Evolution in Remote Sensing","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126330208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mapping agricultural crops with EO-1 Hyperion data","authors":"K. Ntouros, I. Gitas, Georgios N. Silleos","doi":"10.1109/WHISPERS.2009.5289057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WHISPERS.2009.5289057","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperspectral data acquired by the Hyperion instrument, on board the Earth Observing - 1 Satellite (EO-1), were evaluated for the classification of five agricultural crops (maize (Zea mays), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), rice (Oryza Sativa), tobacco (Nicotiana Tabacum) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)) in Greece and the results were compared to classification of Landsat 5 TM data. In addition, was investigated the contribution of Hyperion SWIR bands on crops classification. The research was conducted in an agricultural area located in the North-Eastern Greece. The Hyperion radiance values, from the 196 bands, were converted into surface reflectance values using the Fast Line-of-sight Atmospheric Analysis of Spectral Hypercubes (FLAASH) model which is embedded in ENVI software. The data dimensionality reduction of Hyperion's image bands was achieved by using MNF transformation whereas the Maximum Likelihood algorithm was used in order to perform image data classification. The results showed that an overall accuracy of 91% was obtained from the classification of Hyperion image, while the overall accuracy resulted from the classification of Landsat 5 TM image was 81%. Also the Hyperion SWIR bands provide additional information on crops classification, not available by VNIR bands.","PeriodicalId":242447,"journal":{"name":"2009 First Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing: Evolution in Remote Sensing","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126481876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}