Сибирский научный медицинский журнал最新文献

{"title":"Diabetic ketoacidosis and oxidative stress: pathophysiological mechanisms","authors":"Yu. V. Bykov","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230601","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common endocrine disease with a large number of acute and chronic complications, among which diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is the most frequent and severe, especially in children and adolescents with type 1 DM. Oxidative stress (OS) is a pathological condition that develops due to an imbalance between free radicals formation and inefficiency of the antioxidant system. OS is a strong risk factor for the development of numerous diabetic complications. Recently OS has been considered as an important component of DKA, the pathophysiological mechanisms of which have not yet been fully elucidated. This paper describes hypotheses according to which OS not only triggers and exacerbates manifestations of DKA, but itself represents a severe consequence of DKA, leading to the progression of numerous micro- and macroscopic diabetic complications. The formation of glycation end products, activation of protein kinase C, polyol and hexosamine pathways are considered among the key pathophysiologic mechanisms of OS development in DKA. Achieving a better understanding of OS pathogenesis in DKA will optimize the diagnosis of OS and approaches to DKA correction through timely prescription of antioxidants.","PeriodicalId":24058,"journal":{"name":"Сибирский научный медицинский журнал","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139627279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new aspect of metabolic disorders in obesity: carbonyl stress","authors":"A. Lesnaya, M. Darenskaya, N. Semenova, L. Kolesnikova","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230603","url":null,"abstract":"The literature review examines the problem of obesity in modern society. It has been shown that obesity aggravates concomitant diseases, increases the probability of developing metabolic disorders and related pathologies, increases the risk of complications and mortality. The secretory function of adipose tissue, its participation in the regulation of biological processes is considered in detail. The concept of carbonyl stress and its components is revealed, the role of carbonyl compounds in the body is described, the metabolic pathways leading to the formation of carbonyl reaction products are shown, the participation of free radicals in these metabolic pathways is noted. The mechanisms of pathogenesis associated with the development of carbonyl stress in obesity are discussed; the greatest contribution to the development of car bonyl pathology in obesity is made by two types of processes: lipid peroxidation reactions resulting in the formation of carbonyl products of lipoperoxidation and the processes activated by hyperglycemia (glycolysis, polyol and hexоzamine pathways) leading to the formation of glyoxal, methylglyoxal, and active carbonyl forms of glucose. The question of the contribution of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOРР) to the development of carbonyl pathology in obesity remains controversial. It is assumed that AGEs and AOРР levels depend on the severity of obesity and the development of metabolic syndrome.","PeriodicalId":24058,"journal":{"name":"Сибирский научный медицинский журнал","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139627536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mycobacterial infections: features of microbiological diagnosis","authors":"A. V. Lutsenko, A. Yasenyavskaya, M. Samotrueva","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230604","url":null,"abstract":"To date, more than 200 species of mycobacteria have been identified, in addition to the well-known Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Among microorganisms belonging to the genus Mycobacterium, there are obligate pathogenic, opportunistic and saprophytic strains. The incidence of non-tuberculous or atypical mycobacteria, which cause opportunistic infections in humans and animals, is steadily increasing. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria are increasingly recognized as a source of healthcare-associated infections.Aim of the study was to analyze the literature on current methods of microbiological diagnosis of mycobacterial infections.Material and methods. A search and analysis of scientific literature in the Web of Science, PubMed, eLIBRARY.RU, Europe PMC databases was performed using the following key words: mycobacteriosis, non-tuberculous mycobacteria, mycobacterial infections, MALDITOF MS, atypical mycobacteria. Results and discussion. The review summarizes and presents the classification, morphological, cultural, genetic and ecological features of mycobacterial strains. Modern approaches in the diagnosis of mycobacterial diseases and identification of pathogens are analyzed; their advantages and disadvantages are indicated.Conclusions. Mycobacterial infections are often considered as diseases associated with the provision of medical care, requiring a detailed assessment of the situation with the definition of criteria for microbiological monitoring of objects of a medical organization, etc. The analyzed literature data demonstrate a variety of methods for laboratory diagnosis of mycobacterial infections with the need for further improvement of methodological approaches.","PeriodicalId":24058,"journal":{"name":"Сибирский научный медицинский журнал","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139627720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between vascular calcification, osteoporosis and systemic inflammation","authors":"K. A. Nichiporuk, S. Tsarenok, V. Gorbunov, N. A. Ilyamakova, T. Aksenova","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230602","url":null,"abstract":"A lot of patients with coronary heart disease often suffer from vascular calcification. In many cases it is accompanied by harmful cardiovascular events. The modern ideas of the relationship between osteoporosis, vascular calcification and inflammation, the general mechanisms of development of vascular calcification and low bone mineral density are discussed. Despite a growing number of studies concerning the combined pathology of the cardiovascular and skeletal systems, a causal relationship between vascular calcification and a decrease in bone mass has not yet been established. Moreover, there is insufficient data on the effect of inflammation on ectopic calcification. Based on the analysis of available clinical and experimental studies, this review describes the main pathogenetic mechanisms of vascular calcification in coronary atherosclerosis. The influence of calcium and vitamin D medicines on the development of vascular calcification is discussed in this article. The author’s attention is focused on early and long-term consequences of percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary bypass surgery in patients with vascular calcification.","PeriodicalId":24058,"journal":{"name":"Сибирский научный медицинский журнал","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139627894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of the linear dimensions of the ovary, determined using sonography, in an age aspect","authors":"A. A. Balandin, A. S. Kobeleva, I. A. Balandina","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230610","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the study was to carry out a comparative analysis of the linear size of the right and left ovaries, determined using sonography in women in adolescence, the elderly, and old age.Material and methods. The study was based on the results of ultrasound examination of 84 women with normal pelvic dimensions who were examined at the gynecology department of the Perm Krai Clinical Hospital during the period 2021–2022 in order to exclude probable pathology of the reproductive system. Measurement of longitudinal (length), transverse (width), and anteroposterior (thickness) dimensions of the ovary was performed using transvaginal access. Women were divided into three groups: the first consisted of 28 adolescents (16 to 20 years old), the second – 29 elderly persons (56 to 74 years old), the third – 27 seniors (75 to 85 years old).Results. When comparing the indicators of ovarian size, their statistically significant decrease by old age was revealed. Right ovary length from adolescence to the old age decreased by 20.56 % (p < 0.01), left – by 28.62 % (p < 0.01). Right ovarian width becomes smaller by 20.87 % (p < 0.01) in elderly age and by 26 % (p < 0.01) in senile age, left – by 20.8 % (p < 0.01) and by 28.32 % (p < 0.01), respectively, the anteroposterior dimension of the right ovary – by 23.2 % (p < 0.01) and by 38.8 % (p < 0.01), of the left ovary – by 31.19 % (p < 0.01) and by 39 % (p < 0.01), respectively.Conclusions. The results obtained allow us to expand our understanding of the features of the age-related structure of the ovaries and further continue their detailed study, since new knowledge is needed to develop modern methods for the prevention of pathology of the female reproductive system and the timely provision of quality medical care.","PeriodicalId":24058,"journal":{"name":"Сибирский научный медицинский журнал","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139627943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Veloergometric Doppler study of brain blood circulation after balneological antler correction of vasomotor autoregulation","authors":"V. A. Avkhimenko, A. B. Trivozhenko","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230608","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to evaluate the change in veloergometry (VEM)-induced dynamic state of peak blood flow velocity (Vps) and resistance index (RI) in the middle cerebral artery after balneotherapy of arterial hypertension with Altai red deer antlers.Material and methods. A small cohort of patients (n = 48) with grade I–II arterial hypertension aged 56 [50–59] years (median [lower quartile-upper quartile]) was examined. In the course of the duplex research of middle cerebra artery Vps, RI in a prone position, sitting and during a bicycle exercise were registered.Results. In a prone position Vps was 100 [95–105] сm/s, RI – 0.62 [0.58–0.64]; on the cycle ergometer Vps decreased by 20 % and was 80 [77–85] сm/s. In the course of bicycle exercises of average intensity (60 W for women and 90 W for men), Vps increased by 45 %, to 115 [112–120] сm/s, RI increased to 0.73 [0.71–0.75]. On a maximum excise loading Vps reduced by 25 % up to 88 [86–92] сm/s, RI did not change. After antler balneotherapy Vps in a prone position decreased and was equal 87 [82–92] сm/s (p = 0.0001), it occurred due to the improvement of microcirculation confirmed by decrease in RI to 0.52 [0.5–0.53] (р = 0.0001). To a lesser extent there was also an orthostatic falling of Vps at these patients. In the course of bicycle exercises of average intensity, Vps was registered with higher amplitude (up to 60 %, 122 [120– 125] сm/s). On a maximum of bicycle exercise Vps decreased by 30 % of an average and was equal to 85 [82–86] сm/s.Conclusions. Veloergometric Doppler study of a blood-groove in a middle cerebra artery is a representative method for assessing the dynamic state of autoregulation and can be used for diagnostic audit of physical therapy. The antler balneotherapy of the Altai maral products makes positive impact on cerebral vasomotor function.","PeriodicalId":24058,"journal":{"name":"Сибирский научный медицинский журнал","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139534857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of quality criteria for candidate standard for anti-D immunoglobulin","authors":"E. N. Kalinina, N. S. Vildanova, E. S. Kormshchikova, A. Yovdiy, M. V. Smolnikova","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230611","url":null,"abstract":"Quality control of medicines is an integral part of the technological cycle, obligatory for the release of products into public distribution. Both in Russia and abroad, when carrying out of laboratory testing of the preparations, it is prescribed to use the reference materials – the certified standard samples. Currently, it is important for the Russian pharmaceutical industry to provide the methods for evaluating the specific activity of human anti-D immunoglobulin with a national standard sample. Its production is impossible without the production of stabilized concentrate of anti-D antibodies and verifying the suitability of each batch for sale. This requires the establishment of specification requirements and the development of regulatory documentation.Aim is to define the quality criteria for candidate standard for anti-D immunoglobulin.Material and methods. The national and foreign normative bases in the field of quality control of blood products, manufacturing and application of biological standards of medicines were analyzed. Three series of lyophilized concentrate of anti-D antibodies were obtained and a laboratory-experimental study of their properties was carried out.Results and discussion. As a result of the work done, technical specifications were approved, including a list of consumer characteristics, a description of the methods for their assessment and relevant norms.Conclusions. The established requirements can become the basis for the releasing quality control of the candidate standard for anti-D immunoglobulin during its serial production.","PeriodicalId":24058,"journal":{"name":"Сибирский научный медицинский журнал","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139534170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationships between the level of psycho-emotional stress and the content of biogenic amines, sex and thyroid hormones in male population of Arkhangelsk","authors":"I. N. Molodovskaya, E. Tipisova, V. Alikina, A. Elfimova, V. N. Zyabisheva","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230606","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the relationship between the level of psycho-emotional stress and the content of biogenic amines, sex and thyroid hormones in healthy men in the city of Arkhangelsk, taking into account the change of seasons.Material and methods. The study involved 20 men aged 25–44 years. The content of hormones, biogenic amines in serum was determined by enzyme immunoassay. To assess the level of psycho-emotional stress, a survey was conducted using the questionnaire “Your well-being”, developed by O.S. Kopina, E.A. Suslova, E.V. Zaikin, as well as A. Beck’s depression questionnaire.Results and discussion. A greater number of relationships between the studied parameters was revealed in the transitional periods of the year (March and September), which allows us to consider the spring and autumn as provoking factors in psychosocial stress development. In healthy people, the higher peripheral conversion of iodothyronines associates with the higher satisfaction with vital needs in the fall. The subjective assessment of the health is characterized by exclusively positive relationships with thyroid (spring and autumn) and sex (summer, winter) hormones. Indicators of personal satisfaction in all seasons of the year negatively correlate with the level of sex hormones and sex hormone-binding globulin, and indicators of stress and depression negatively correlate with content of pituitary hormones (luteinizing, thyroid stimulating). Concentration of such monoamines as dopamine (in winter) and acetylcholine (in autumn) positively correlates with feelings of personal satisfaction, while serotonin content shows a negative relationship with the level of satisfaction in autumn.","PeriodicalId":24058,"journal":{"name":"Сибирский научный медицинский журнал","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139534863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integral evaluation of thyroid lymphatic region in phytocorrection of hypothyroidism consequences","authors":"V. Gorchakov, K. Nikolaychuk, G. Demchenko, B. Nurmakhanova, O. V. Gorchakova","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230613","url":null,"abstract":"To date, the integrative involvement of thyroid lymphatic region structures in providing tissue homeostasis in hypothyroidism and during rehabilitation remains a poorly understood problem. The use of phytotherapy is attractive for reducing the effects of hypothyroidism. This issue requires scientific justification during the rehabilitation phase.Material and methods. The work was performed on 160 white Wistar rats using light and electron microscopy according, data of morphometry and statistical matrix analysis. An adequate model of hypothyroidism was created by mercazolil administration. After the mercazolil withdrawal, we investigated the reversibility of thyroid and regional lymph node changes during the rehabilitation period (on 7, 14, 21 days) on the background of bioactive phytocomposition intake and without it. Phytocomposition from laminaria and medicinal plants of Siberia was used at a dose of 0.2 g/kg for three weeks after the cancellation of mercazolil.Results and discussion. The study showed a unidirectional change in thyroid and lymph node structure with a preferential decrease in indicators in hypothyroidism. The value of the total normalized index for the lymphatic region (lymphothyroostat) is negative during the recovery period without phytocorrection. The index has a negative value initially and up to 14 days and becomes positive only by the end of 21 days of the study reflecting the inertia of the structural response of organs. Phytotherapy provides high rationed index rates for lymphothyrostat. The index becomes positive starting at day 14. There is an intensification of compensatory and adaptive reactions at all levels of lymphothyrostat organization, starting with ultrastructural. The lymph node contributes significantly to the provision of homeostasis of the lymph region of the thyroid gland.Conclusions. Reorganization of the lymph node and thyroid gland is interconnected in hypothyroidism. The active role of the lymph node in providing tissue homeostasis in the lymph region of the thyroid is apparent. Thyroid and lymph node function can be enhanced by phytotherapy. Phytocomposition reduces the effects of hypothyroidism. It is a kind of modifier of thyroid and lymph node structure and function","PeriodicalId":24058,"journal":{"name":"Сибирский научный медицинский журнал","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139534782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of nitric oxide on microviscosity and polarity of erythrocyte membranes in experiment","authors":"T. Rebrova, Y. K. Podoksenov, S. A. Afanasiev, N. Kamenshchikov, V. A. Korepanov, M. Diakova","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230612","url":null,"abstract":"Enhancement of methods for protecting target organs during coronary artery bypass surgery determined the development of a technology for delivering nitric oxide (NO) to the systemic blood flow using a cardiopulmonary bypass (CB) apparatus, which makes NO available to all organs and tissues.The aim of the study was to access the effect of perioperative NO conditioning on the coefficients of microviscosity and polarity of sheep etythrocyte membranes during experimental surgical intervention using CB.Material and methods. Study was carried out on 20 sheep weighing 30–34 kg. Two groups were formed. In the CB group, 10 sheep underwent the standard clinical protocol of artificial lung ventilation (ALV) and CB. In the CB + NO group, 10 sheep received NO at a dose of 80 ppm through the circuit of ALV apparatus immediately after tracheal intubation. At the start of CB, NO was delivered to the extracorporeal circulation circuit at a dose of 80 ppm for 90 min. After disconnection from CB, NO supply continued through the ALV apparatus at a dose of 80 ppm for 60 min. The coefficients of microviscosity and polarity of sheep erythrocyte membranes were determined by spectrofluorimetry using pyrene probe.Results and discussion. The implementation of CB was accompanied by a statistically significant decrease in the microviscosity coefficient in the zones of proteinlipid contact of sheep erythrocyte membranes. In the zone of total lipids, the microviscosity coefficient did not change after CB implementation. The membrane polarity coefficient at the final stage of the surgery increased significantly in the zone of annular lipids and did not change in the zone of total lipids. NO supply to the circuit of the extracorporeal circulation neutralizes the revealed increase in the microviscosity and polarity of the annular lipids.Conclusions. The introduction of NO into the extracorporeal circulation circuit at the concentration of 80 ppm prevents a decrease in the coefficients of microviscosity and polarity of annular lipids of erythrocyte membranes that occurs during cardiac surgery.","PeriodicalId":24058,"journal":{"name":"Сибирский научный медицинский журнал","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139627947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}