{"title":"Mycobacterial infections: features of microbiological diagnosis","authors":"A. V. Lutsenko, A. Yasenyavskaya, M. Samotrueva","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230604","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"To date, more than 200 species of mycobacteria have been identified, in addition to the well-known Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Among microorganisms belonging to the genus Mycobacterium, there are obligate pathogenic, opportunistic and saprophytic strains. The incidence of non-tuberculous or atypical mycobacteria, which cause opportunistic infections in humans and animals, is steadily increasing. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria are increasingly recognized as a source of healthcare-associated infections.Aim of the study was to analyze the literature on current methods of microbiological diagnosis of mycobacterial infections.Material and methods. A search and analysis of scientific literature in the Web of Science, PubMed, eLIBRARY.RU, Europe PMC databases was performed using the following key words: mycobacteriosis, non-tuberculous mycobacteria, mycobacterial infections, MALDITOF MS, atypical mycobacteria. Results and discussion. The review summarizes and presents the classification, morphological, cultural, genetic and ecological features of mycobacterial strains. Modern approaches in the diagnosis of mycobacterial diseases and identification of pathogens are analyzed; their advantages and disadvantages are indicated.Conclusions. Mycobacterial infections are often considered as diseases associated with the provision of medical care, requiring a detailed assessment of the situation with the definition of criteria for microbiological monitoring of objects of a medical organization, etc. The analyzed literature data demonstrate a variety of methods for laboratory diagnosis of mycobacterial infections with the need for further improvement of methodological approaches.","PeriodicalId":24058,"journal":{"name":"Сибирский научный медицинский журнал","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Сибирский научный медицинский журнал","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230604","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
To date, more than 200 species of mycobacteria have been identified, in addition to the well-known Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Among microorganisms belonging to the genus Mycobacterium, there are obligate pathogenic, opportunistic and saprophytic strains. The incidence of non-tuberculous or atypical mycobacteria, which cause opportunistic infections in humans and animals, is steadily increasing. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria are increasingly recognized as a source of healthcare-associated infections.Aim of the study was to analyze the literature on current methods of microbiological diagnosis of mycobacterial infections.Material and methods. A search and analysis of scientific literature in the Web of Science, PubMed, eLIBRARY.RU, Europe PMC databases was performed using the following key words: mycobacteriosis, non-tuberculous mycobacteria, mycobacterial infections, MALDITOF MS, atypical mycobacteria. Results and discussion. The review summarizes and presents the classification, morphological, cultural, genetic and ecological features of mycobacterial strains. Modern approaches in the diagnosis of mycobacterial diseases and identification of pathogens are analyzed; their advantages and disadvantages are indicated.Conclusions. Mycobacterial infections are often considered as diseases associated with the provision of medical care, requiring a detailed assessment of the situation with the definition of criteria for microbiological monitoring of objects of a medical organization, etc. The analyzed literature data demonstrate a variety of methods for laboratory diagnosis of mycobacterial infections with the need for further improvement of methodological approaches.
迄今为止,除了众所周知的麻风分枝杆菌和结核分枝杆菌外,还发现了 200 多种分枝杆菌。在属于分枝杆菌属的微生物中,有必须致病的菌株、机会致病的菌株和溶菌性菌株。非结核分枝杆菌或非典型分枝杆菌可导致人类和动物的机会性感染,其发病率正在稳步上升。非结核分枝杆菌越来越被认为是医疗保健相关感染的来源之一。这项研究的目的是分析有关目前分枝杆菌感染微生物学诊断方法的文献。使用以下关键词对 Web of Science、PubMed、eLIBRARY.RU 和 Europe PMC 数据库中的科学文献进行了检索和分析:分枝杆菌病、非结核分枝杆菌、分枝杆菌感染、MALDITOF MS、非典型分枝杆菌。结果与讨论。综述总结并介绍了分枝杆菌菌株的分类、形态、文化、遗传和生态学特征。分析了诊断分枝杆菌疾病和鉴定病原体的现代方法;指出了这些方法的优缺点。分枝杆菌感染通常被认为是与提供医疗服务有关的疾病,需要对情况进行详细评估,确定对医疗机构对象进行微生物监测的标准等。分析的文献资料表明,霉菌感染的实验室诊断方法多种多样,需要进一步改进方法。