W. Wong, A. Chekima, M. Mariappan, Brendan Khoo, M. Nadarajan
{"title":"Probabilistic multi SVM weed species classification for weed scouting and selective spot weeding","authors":"W. Wong, A. Chekima, M. Mariappan, Brendan Khoo, M. Nadarajan","doi":"10.1109/ROMA.2014.7295863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMA.2014.7295863","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a probabilistic output multi SVMs were used to classify the weed seedlings into groups for spot spraying and weed scouting application. Weeds in the samples are collected at approximely 1-4 weeks after post emergence. The weed seedlings are classified using Support Vector machines while feature selection and fine tuning of classifier parameters were fine tuned using genetic algorithm. The features which included regional shapes parameters, fractal dimensions and elliptical Fourier coefficients, skeleton statistics, boundary to centroid and colour statistics were extracted from individual leaves and the overall binarized shape of the weed seedlings. The resulting SVM ensemble classifier is able to classify the various weed seedlings into various classes at a reasonable rate which can be further improved by enlarging training sets and improving individual SVMs.","PeriodicalId":240232,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Robotics and Manufacturing Automation (ROMA)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133988024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdelrahman Zaroug, M.K.A. Ahamed Khan, Niranjan Debnath, Irraivan Elamvazuthi
{"title":"Automatic head-on anti-collision system for vehicles using wireless communication","authors":"Abdelrahman Zaroug, M.K.A. Ahamed Khan, Niranjan Debnath, Irraivan Elamvazuthi","doi":"10.1109/ROMA.2014.7295858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMA.2014.7295858","url":null,"abstract":"A model of an anti-collision system for vehicles was designed, in a way that to avoid head-on collisions only. Two small motorized cars were built. Each car consist of Arduino microcontroller, ultrasonic sensor module, RF module and two DC geared motors. Each car is driven by a couple of DC motors from the rear end while the front is only a castor. As a form of differentiation each car was given the name of its Arduino controller which are Mega car, and Leonardo car. The controller of each car measures the distance ahead continuously using the ultrasonic module and checks the measured distance against the respective car's ahead distance through the wireless module. If the received distance found to be less than 40cm for the Leonardo car and less than 50cm for the Mega car then the two cars will stop their movement completely as if there is an impending collision in reality. The Arduino microcontroller is programmed using the Arduino programming language and C language to implement all the desired objectives which are related to each car's actions.","PeriodicalId":240232,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Robotics and Manufacturing Automation (ROMA)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121283015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-Objective vs. Single-Objective Evolutionary Algorithms for hybrid mobile robot optimization","authors":"S. Lim, Jason Teo","doi":"10.1109/ROMA.2014.7295893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMA.2014.7295893","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the comparison of Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm (MOEA) and Single-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm (SOEA) in designing and optimizing the morphology of a Six Articulated-Wheeled Robot (SAWR) is presented. Results show that both methods are able to produce optimized SAWR which have smaller size with the capability to perform climbing motion. However, one of the solutions from the Pareto-set of MOEA is outperforming the fittest solution from SOEA. The solution is able to achieve the same performance of the fittest solution from SOEA and yet it is smaller in size. Besides that, another advantage of using MOEA is that MOEA is capable to produce a set of Pareto optimal solutions from the smallest SAWR with poor performance to the largest SAWR with robust performance which provide users a choice of solutions for trade-off between the two objectives.","PeriodicalId":240232,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Robotics and Manufacturing Automation (ROMA)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114633514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nurfarahain Mohd Saleh, Hamizah Hassan, Amily Fikry, Rosidah Musa, S. Ahmad, Z. Ismail, N. Samat, Rugayah Hashim
{"title":"Autism children: Cost and benefit analysis of using humanoid in Malaysia","authors":"Nurfarahain Mohd Saleh, Hamizah Hassan, Amily Fikry, Rosidah Musa, S. Ahmad, Z. Ismail, N. Samat, Rugayah Hashim","doi":"10.1109/ROMA.2014.7295885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMA.2014.7295885","url":null,"abstract":"Autism is a permanent disorder that cause quality of life disturbance. As matter of research, there are no single interventions that can cure the heterogeneous syndrome. Since there is no cure for autism children, perhaps using humanoid can help the autism children in order to have appropriate therapy and treatment programs especially to the young children inflicted with it. Robots are normally used for industrial work, but hardly for therapy. Robots have been used to substitute human way back in the 19th century. They are beneficial to society regardless of the fields that they are being utilized. The health sector has been identified as one of the fields that benefit most as a result of using robotics. For decades, people fascinated with the technology's fiction of robots that look and act like a human Therefore, humanoid robots give benefits towards autism therapy for early detection. Many studies have been done in order to determine the ways to conduct autism treatment However, there is no study on cost and benefit analysis conducted using humanoid as a treatment for autism children. Therefore, this study will focus on the cost and benefit analysis of using humanoid for Malaysian autism children.","PeriodicalId":240232,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Robotics and Manufacturing Automation (ROMA)","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116545838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EEG identification and differentiation for left-handedness","authors":"W. Y. Leong","doi":"10.1109/ROMA.2014.7295878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMA.2014.7295878","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we investigated a new left-handedness identification module to identify the handedness of a person. The Electroencephalogram (EEG) data were obtained to detect the features and characteristics of left-handers. The subjects were required to relax and view the video clips provided. The handedness of the subject can be identified from the EEG data obtained using the left-handedness module. These EEG signals were obtained from A1, O1 and O2 locations and dassified into four different frequency bands, namely: Alpha, Beta, Delta and Theta, to determine the Mean EEG Coherence (MEC). Based on our observations, the left handed subject has higher Mean EEG Coherence, reflecting significant communications and relationship between the right and left hemisphere of cerebrums in the corpus callosum. From our analysis, the left-handers have been discovered with increased functional interaction between cerebral hemispheres and increased corpus callosum size. Therefore, the left-handedness is identified based on the increased size of corpus callosum, that allows greater inter-hemispheric linkage and communication. The developed handedness identification system has shown significant performance to identify subjects with left-handedness.","PeriodicalId":240232,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Robotics and Manufacturing Automation (ROMA)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115770403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Usage of robotic rehabilitation technology for lower limbs therapy of children with cerebral palsy - a review","authors":"F. Mahamud, A. Anuar","doi":"10.1109/ROMA.2014.7295874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMA.2014.7295874","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reviews on the usage of robotic technology for lower limbs therapy of children with cerebral palsy (CP). CP children require regular therapy such as physiotherapy and occupational therapy. It was found that there is a growing trend of using robotic technology to assist in this therapy session. Several of these robotic-assisted have shown positive result in the rehabilitation process. The methods and robotics equipment that is found to have positive outcome in rehabilitation process are being highlighted in this paper. It is expected that the information gathered in this paper will be used to farther develop the robotic-assisted technology for lower limbs rehabilitation process of CP children.","PeriodicalId":240232,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Robotics and Manufacturing Automation (ROMA)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134418698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CAIRO-MM-1: Low cost autonomous mobile manipulator for research and education","authors":"Zinnirah Kasim, M. Othman, M. Samadi","doi":"10.1109/ROMA.2014.7295890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMA.2014.7295890","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the development of a low cost mobile manipulator called the CAERO-MM-1 for the purpose of research and education. The hardware consists of 3 main parts, the 4-DOF manipulator with 2 webcams at its end effector which imitates a stereo camera, the mobile platform with tracks for navigation and the internal computer that is connected to various sensors and actuators. CAIRO-MM-1 features the servomotors as the arm actuators and DC motors for the tracks. The sensors include the wheel encoders and the inertia measurement unit to aid the autonomous navigation of the mobile platform. The software, as well as its architecture is described. The software modules are developed using the .NET framework on the Windows 8 platform. In its experiments, CAIRO-MM-1 is tested for its functional and behavioral features and results show that CAIRO-MM-1 is now suitable for research and educational purposes.","PeriodicalId":240232,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Robotics and Manufacturing Automation (ROMA)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133295428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multiple sequence behavior recognition on humanoid robot using long short-term memory (LSTM)","authors":"D. N. How, K. Sahari, Yuhuang Hu, L. C. Kiong","doi":"10.1109/ROMA.2014.7295871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMA.2014.7295871","url":null,"abstract":"Recurrent neural networks (RNN) are powerful sequence learners. However, RNN suffers from the problem of vanishing gradient point. This fact makes learning sequential task more than 10 time steps harder for RNN. Recurrent network with LSTM cells as hidden layers (LSTM-RNN) is a deep learning recurrent network architecture designed to address the vanishing gradient problem by incorporating memory cells (LSTM cells) in the hidden layer(s). This advantage puts it at one of the best sequence learners for time-series data such as cursive hand writings, protein structure prediction, speech recognition and many more task that require learning through long time lags [2][3][4], In this paper, we applied the concept of using recurrent networks with LSTM cells as hidden layer to learn the behaviours of a humanoid robot based on multiple sequences of joint data from 10 joints on the NAO robot. We show that the LSTM network is able to learn the patterns in the data and effectively classify the sequences into 6 different trained behaviors.","PeriodicalId":240232,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Robotics and Manufacturing Automation (ROMA)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115668358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. M. Matiur Rahman, Md. Abdullah Al Mamun, N. Ahamed, N. Ahmed, Md. Sharafat Ali, M. Islam
{"title":"Design of automatic controlling system for tap-water using floatless level sensor","authors":"S. M. Matiur Rahman, Md. Abdullah Al Mamun, N. Ahamed, N. Ahmed, Md. Sharafat Ali, M. Islam","doi":"10.1109/ROMA.2014.7295855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMA.2014.7295855","url":null,"abstract":"Water is an essential resource in the world and currently household drinking water is an important asset to save the life due to shortage of water in the earth. This paper describes the design and development process of an automatic control system for tap water using floatless water level sensor which can save wastage of water without the presence of any operator physically. This sensing system utilizes a combination of a solenoid valve, electromagnetic relay (a type of electrical switch), floatless level controller (61F) and electrodes (used to sense the watery level electrically). The developed system can automatically control the water tap accordingly when level sensor can sense the lower level of water tank. Also, the system has ability to activate the relay which starts solenoid valve. The entire process can continue until sense the upper level of water. After that the system deactivates the relay as well as the solenoid which can stop the water flow through tap, when the upper level is sensed. In summary, the developed system is able to control the water tap to protect the wastage of valuable water by this mechanism. This system is low-cost compare to other commercial systems, was tested to assess the success rate of the development The result shows an autonomous plus robust monitoring system with satisfactory result which is relatively simple to install.","PeriodicalId":240232,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Robotics and Manufacturing Automation (ROMA)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117241387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Humanoid robot intervention in social skill augmentation of brain-impaired children: The ethics","authors":"Rugayah Hashim, Z. Ismail, A. F. Aziz","doi":"10.1109/ROMA.2014.7295870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMA.2014.7295870","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides insights on the ethics involved in using humanoids for social skill augmentation of brain impaired children. For a developing nation like Malaysia, where tradition and religious values are of significant importance to the melting pot populace, an ethics draft or framework should be in place as humanoid assistive technology for brain-impaired children is new and at the infant stage. Furthermore, intervening into the inclusive environment of the special-needs children requires tact and diplomacy. Nevertheless, based on comprehensive library research and secondary data analysis, an ethic draft or framework is required because of the sensitivity to cultural norms. In addition, continued promotion of using human-like robots in educating and skilling the special-needs children will lead to a gradual understanding and acceptance for the teachers, caregivers, parents, and other stakeholders. As such, the ethical concerns are described and discussed including identifying ways in which robots could have a negative impact of impeding the access of the brain-impaired children to essential capabilities and the social implications of being around machines. It is also recommended that a policy on robotic assistive technology and pediatric psychology be drafted as this is a new area for Malaysia. Lastly, respect and dignity of the brain-impaired children should, at all times, be practiced as they too have their rights as a human being and a citizen of Malaysia.","PeriodicalId":240232,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Robotics and Manufacturing Automation (ROMA)","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131902821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}