Zhongguo ji sheng chong xue yu ji sheng chong bing za zhi = Chinese journal of parasitology & parasitic diseases最新文献

{"title":"[Differential Expression of Six wnt Gene Family Members in Echinococcus granulosus Protoscoleces and Adult Worms].","authors":"Zheng-rong Wang,&nbsp;Yan-yan Zhang,&nbsp;Xin-wen Bo,&nbsp;Xue-ping Xu,&nbsp;Chun-sheng Xu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the differential mRNA expression and tissue distribution of wnt [wingless-type mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) integration site family, wnt] gene members wnt1, wnt2, wnt4, wnt5, wnt11A and wnt11B in protoscoleces and adult worms of Echinococcus granulosus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The mRNA expression of wnt1, wnt2, wnt4, wnt5, wnt11A and wnt11B was determined by qRT-PCR. Tissue distribution of wnt1, wnt2, wnt4, wnt5, wnt11A and wnt11B in Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces was determined by the whole-mount in situ hybridization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The qRT-PCR results showed that the mRNA expression levels of wnt1 and wnt2 in the adult worms were 1.49 （P>0.05） and 2.53 folds（P<0.05） of those in the protoscoleces, respectively. The mRNA expression levels of wnt4, wnt5, wnt11A and wnt11B in the protoscoleces were 25.00（P<0.01）, 33.33（P<0.01）, 14.29（P<0.01） and 1.03 folds（P>0.05） of those in the adult worms, respectively. In brief, there was no significant difference of mRNA expression in wnt2 and wnt11B between protoscoleces and adult, but there was a significant difference of mRNA expression in wnt1, wnt4, wnt5 and wnt11A between protoscoleces and adults. Results of the whole-mount in situ hybridization showed that in protoscoleces wnt1 was mainly localized in the epidermal tissue, wnt2 in suckers, wnt4 in suckers and rostellum, wnt5 and wnt11B in suckers and epidermal tissue, and wnt11A in rostellum and hooks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The mRNA expression of wnt2 in adult E. granulosus was higher than that in protoscoleces, and the mRNA expression ofwnt4, wnt5, wnt11A and wnt11B in protoscoleces was higher than that in the adult worms. The six wnt gene family members were all distributed in the forward region of protoscoleces.</p>","PeriodicalId":23981,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo ji sheng chong xue yu ji sheng chong bing za zhi = Chinese journal of parasitology & parasitic diseases","volume":"34 6","pages":"552-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36426311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Formation and Characteristics of Fasciola hepatica Metacercariae].","authors":"Wen Fang,&nbsp;Tian-mei Li,&nbsp;Jing Yang,&nbsp;Yu-hua Liu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Fasciola hepatica miracidia were used to infect 10 Galba pervia in a random manner. Beginning from day 44 after infection on which 10 metacercariae were found and a total of 495 metacercariae found in 24 days. No signs of cercaria escape or metacercaria formation in the early morning observed during 8 : 00-24 : 00, regardless of the environmental change. Metacercaria formation occurred mainly in the early morning. The metacercariae could attach to any object in water, but were easy to detach themselves. The findings suggest that F. hepatica cercaria escape and metacercaria formation mainly occur in the early morning in Dali.</p>","PeriodicalId":23981,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo ji sheng chong xue yu ji sheng chong bing za zhi = Chinese journal of parasitology & parasitic diseases","volume":"34 6","pages":"526-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36426524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Risk Assessment of Snail Output Via the Mud Balls of Transplanted Seedlings in a Nursery Stock Park in Middle Region of Zhejiang Province].","authors":"Juan Xie,&nbsp;Li-yong Wen,&nbsp;Kuang-ji Zhu,&nbsp;Xiao-lan Yan,&nbsp;Neng-ming Jiang,&nbsp;Li-jun Lin,&nbsp;Feng-yao Shao,&nbsp;Jian-feng Zhang,&nbsp;Li-ling Yu,&nbsp;Hai-juan Du","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the distribution of snails in a nursery stock park in the middle region of Zhejiang Province and assess the risk of snail output via the mud balls of transplanted seedlings, to provide scientific data for making strategies for snail control.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We selected three species of seedlings including Osmanthus fragrans (a large tree), Camellia sasanqua (a small tree), and Purpus privet (a type of shrub) in a nursery stock park in a snail-positive middle region of Zhejiang Province during 2014-2016 to calculate the areas of regions with snails and the density of living snails. In 30 trees of each species, the distribution of snails within the seedlings ground diameter (radius of investigation, 100 cm for Osmanthus fragrans; 30 cm for Camellia Sasanqua and Purpus Privet) and in different soil layers (surface and superficial layers, 0-3 cm; deep layer, 3-10 cm) was assessed. In addition, the presence of snails in mud balls of 50 trees of Photinia fraseri (a small tree with high density of snails) was investigated to assess the risk of snail output.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the planting areas of Osmanthus fragrans（3 930 m2）, Camellia sasanqua（2 000 m2）, and Purpus privet （1 700 m2）, the areas of snail-positive regions were 200, 900 and 800 m2, respectively, with the density of living snails being 0.08, 0.56 and 0.55/0.1 m2. For Osmanthus fragrans, Camellia sasanqua and Purpus privet, 238, 654 and 645 snails were detected respectively within their seedlings ground diameter, including 159（66.8%）, 461（70.5%） and 376 （58.3%） snails in the surface layer, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the superficial and deep layers（P＜0.01）. Snails were found in all the 50 trees of Photinia fraseri（3 726 snails, 706 adult snails and 3 020 immature snails, 75 snails/tree on average）.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a high density of snails in the nursery stock park in the middle region of Zhejiang Province. The snails are distributed mainly in the surface layer, suggesting a risk of snail output through mud balls.</p>","PeriodicalId":23981,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo ji sheng chong xue yu ji sheng chong bing za zhi = Chinese journal of parasitology & parasitic diseases","volume":"34 6","pages":"522-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36427087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Sequencing and Phylogenetic Tree Construction of 18S Ribosomal DNA from Five Species of Plasmodium from Yunnan Border between China and Myanmar and Other Areas].","authors":"Mu-xin Chen,&nbsp;Jia-xu Chen,&nbsp;Wei Liu,&nbsp;Xin-yu Feng,&nbsp;Shen-bo Chen,&nbsp;Shao-hong Chen,&nbsp;Yu-chun Cai,&nbsp;Bin Xu,&nbsp;Wei Hu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze sequence variation and construct phylogenetic tree based on 18S ribosomal DNA among five species of Plasmodium in Yunnan border between China and Myanmar and other areas.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Blood samples (or DNA samples)from malaria patients were collected from 2000 to 2015 in Yunnan border and Myanmar and other areas. DNA was extracted from blood samples, and the 18S rDNA fragment was amplified, sequenced and aligned with relevant sequences available in the GenBank. The phylogenetic tree was constructed by methods of neighbor joining (NJ), maximum likelihood (ML), and maximum parsimony (MP), respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 94 blood samples or DNA from malaria patients were collected. The 18S rDNA was successfully amplified from all the samples. Sequence alignment revealed variations of 0-0.2%, 0-0.1%, 0-0.1%, 0-0.1% and 0 for 18S rDNA sequence among Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, P. malariae, P. ovale and P. knowlesi, respectively. The phylogenetic tree constructed with the three method showed consistency. Phylogenic analysis revealed that there were five big branches of Plasmodium spp. studied. The P. falciparum branch clustered with the isolates from Cameroon（KC428741, KC428742）, Brazil（KC906718）, and Malaysia（HQ283221） in GenBank. The P. vivax branch clustered with isolates from Cameroon（HF945443）, India （HM014361, JQ627158）, and Colombia （U83877）. However, the samples Pv11, Pv18 and Pv21 formed a small branch that showed closer phylogenetic relationship with P. cynomolgi（L07559）, an isolate from Macaca fascicularis. Moreover, P. malariae samples from Yunnan Province including Pm1, Pm3 and Pm4 clustered to form a small branch, and then clustered with samples from Hainan Province, showing geographical diversity. All the isolates of P. ovale clustered with isolates from Vietnam（EU935736 and AF387038）. All the isolates of P. knowlesi clustered into a branch, and showed close relationship with those from Myanmar (GU816250 and GU816246).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is no significant difference in 18S rDNA gene of the five species of Plasmodium from Yunnan border between China and Myanmar and other areas. The phylogenetic tree constructed with the NJ, MP and ML methods shows consistency.</p>","PeriodicalId":23981,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo ji sheng chong xue yu ji sheng chong bing za zhi = Chinese journal of parasitology & parasitic diseases","volume":"34 6","pages":"493-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36426278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Research Progress in Classification of Anopheles hyrcanus Group (Diptera : Culicidae)].","authors":"Yuan Fang,&nbsp;Wen-qi Shi,&nbsp;Yi Zhang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The Anopheles hyrcanus group is widely distributed in the Palearctic and Oriental regions. Among the reported members, 25 species have definitive scientific names. Some are determined as vectors of malaria, lymphatic filariasis, and Japanese encephalitis. However, it is extremely difficult to morphologically discriminate the group members. With the development of techniques like crossing experiment, karyotype analysis, and molecular phylogeny, the classification of the Hyrcanus Group has been changed. In this review we update the list of the Hyrcanus Group, including addition of newly discovered species An. belenrae, An. kleini, An. xui, and An. hyrcanus spIR, and merges of An. junlianensis, An. yatsushiroensis, and An. kunmingensis as synonyms. We also discuss the relationships between An. hyrcanus and An. pseudopictus, An. lesteri and An. paraliae, as well as An. kleini and An. engarensis. This review will help to clearly define the relationships among the species.</p>","PeriodicalId":23981,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo ji sheng chong xue yu ji sheng chong bing za zhi = Chinese journal of parasitology & parasitic diseases","volume":"34 6","pages":"565-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36428928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Malaria Incidence and Control in Baoshan City during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan Period].","authors":"Jia-quan Li,&nbsp;He-xian Yang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A retrospective analysis was made on malaria incidence in Baoshan City of Yunnan Province during the 2011-2015 Twelfth Five-Year Plan Period. The epidemiological characteristics and endemic situation of malaria were analyzed. A total of 1 301 malaria cases were reported in Baoshan City during 2011-2015, with an average incidence rate of 10.2 per 100 000 individuals, showing a relatively low prevelence of malaria. The cases were mostly imported（98.5%, 1 282/1 301）. No local malaria cases were found in Baoshan City since 2014. The cases were mostly in Tengchong City（65.6%, 853/1 301）, and mainly in the age range of 20-50 years （84.4%, 1 098/1 301）.</p>","PeriodicalId":23981,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo ji sheng chong xue yu ji sheng chong bing za zhi = Chinese journal of parasitology & parasitic diseases","volume":"34 6","pages":"577-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36428931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effect of Helminthic Infection on the Prevention and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease and the Mechanisms].","authors":"Chun-lian Tang,&nbsp;Zhi-qin Shen,&nbsp;Jia-hui Lei,&nbsp;Li-xia Wang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are two forms of inflammatory bowel diseases. They are autoimmune disorders caused by excessive inflammatory response to antigens in the intestine. In addition to the hygiene hypothesis which suggests the potential application of helminthic infection in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases, helminthic infection has shown preventive and treatment effects in animal models of inflammatory bowel disease. Clinical trials have been initiated. For example, Trichuris suis ova infection at a certain dose has a promising efficacy in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases. Helminthic infection may also have adverse effects. Therefore, helminth-derived immunomodulatory molecules are needed to overcome these problems. It is traditionally considered that the Th1/Th2 axis is involved in the mechnisms of the efficacy of helminthic infection. More recent research has pointed out the much more participation of the Tregs/Th17 axis. The mechanisms may also involve other palyers such as mucosal barrier, Toll like receptor and macrophages. This paper reviews the effect and mechanism of helminthic infection on the prevention and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":23981,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo ji sheng chong xue yu ji sheng chong bing za zhi = Chinese journal of parasitology & parasitic diseases","volume":"34 6","pages":"571-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36428930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Influence of Age on the Susceptibility of Anopheles stephensi to Plasmodium berghei Infection].","authors":"Xiu-mei Song,&nbsp;Jing-wen Wang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the ability of Anopheles stephensi at different ages to transmit Plasmodium berghei and elucidate the possible mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To study and compare the susceptability of A. stephensi of different ages to P. berghei, 4-day and 25-day female A. stephensi were fed with P. berghei infected BALB/c mouse blood with parasitaemia 4%-8%. At 8 days after infection, the mosquitoes were dissected and the number of intestinal Plasmodium oocysts was counted under microscope. Difference in the susceptability to Plasmodium infection was analyzed between the two age groups. To study the intestinal bacteria load in A. stephensi, LB plate culture was used to detect the intestinal bacteria in the mosquitoes of the two groups before infection, and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) was performed to check the culturable bacteria and the total bacteria load. The expression levels of major immune response effectors cecropin（CEC1, CEC3）, defensin (DEF), gambicin (GAM), attacin (ATT), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), dual oxidase (DUOX), and thioester protein 1（TEP1） in 4-day and 25-day mosquitoes were determined by qPCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 8 days after infection, the median of oocyst number in 4-day mosquitoes was 139, which was nearly 46 times of that in 25-day mosquitoes (median, 3)（P<0.01）. There was a significant difference in the intestinal bacteria load between 4-day and 25-day mosquitoes. The results of qPCR showed that the total bacteria load in 25-day mosquitoes was 1.5 times of that in 4-day mosquitoes (P<0.05). By LB plate culture, proliferation of 28 889 colony forming units (cfu) bacteria was found for 25-day mosquitoes, which was 9 times of that for 4-day mosquitoes（3 200 cfu）（P<0.05）. In addition, the NOS expression level in 25-day mosquitoes was 2.4 times of that in 4-day mosquitoes (P<0.01）, while the expression levels of antimicrobiota peptides ATT, DEF, CEC3, and CEC1 in 25-day mosquitoes were only 27%, 48%, 14%, and 61% of those in 4-day mosquitoes, respectively (P<0.05). The expression levels of GAM, DUOX, TEP1 showed no difference between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The antimicrobiota peptides in A. stephensi are significantly downregulated with age increase, together with increased intestinal bacteria load and NOS expression, resulting in enhanced resistance to Plasmodium.</p>","PeriodicalId":23981,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo ji sheng chong xue yu ji sheng chong bing za zhi = Chinese journal of parasitology & parasitic diseases","volume":"34 6","pages":"508-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36424177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Detection of Genetic Mutations Associated with Drug Resistance in Imported Plasmodium falciparum].","authors":"Chao Xu,&nbsp;Qing-kuan Wei,&nbsp;Jin Li,&nbsp;Ting Xiao,&nbsp;Kun Yin,&nbsp;Yong-bin Wang,&nbsp;Xiang-li Kong,&nbsp;Yan Xu,&nbsp;Yong Cui,&nbsp;Hui Sun,&nbsp;Song Zhu,&nbsp;Ge Yan,&nbsp;Bing-cheng Huang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the mutation of genes associated with drug resistance (Pfcrt, Pfmdr1, Pfdhfr and K13） in imported Plasmodium falciparum in Shandong Province.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Blood was collected from 94 falciparum malaria cases who returned from Africa in 2014. Genomic DNA for P. falciparum was extracted from the blood samples and nested PCR was performed using primers specifically designed for Pfcrt, Pfmdr1, Pfdhfr and K13. The PCR products were sequenced. Gene mutations were analyzed by sequence alignment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 94 imported cases were from 18 African countries. Nested PCR was successful on DNA from all the blood samples except for Pfcrt amplification in one sample. Sequence analysis revealed three types of mutations Pfcrt K76T （36.6%, 34/93）, Pfmdr1 N86Y （21.3%, 20/94）, and Pfdhfr S108N （98.9%, 93/94） （χ2=127.5， P<0.05）. K13 C580Y mutation was not found. Co-occurrence of K76T, N86Y, and S108N was found in 6 blood samples （6.5%）, which were imported from Liberia（2）, Angola（1）, Equatorial guinea（1）, Congo（1）, and Guinea（1）. Co-occurrence of K76T and S108N mutations was found in 28 samples（30.1%）, and that of N86Y and S108N in 14 samples （15.1%）. Forty-four samples（47.3%） harbored S108N mutation only, and one sample was null for any of the mutations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There are mutations in Pfcrt, Pfmdr1, and Pfdhfr in imported Plasmodium falciparum in Shandong Province. No mutation was found for the K13 gene.</p>","PeriodicalId":23981,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo ji sheng chong xue yu ji sheng chong bing za zhi = Chinese journal of parasitology & parasitic diseases","volume":"34 6","pages":"482-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36426349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[An Epidemiological Survey on Echinococcosis in Yushu Prefecture of Qinghai Province].","authors":"Shi-lei Cheng,&nbsp;Hu Wang,&nbsp;Xiao Ma,&nbsp;Jing-xiao Zhang,&nbsp;Yu-fang Liu,&nbsp;Hui-xia Cai,&nbsp;Pei-yun Liu,&nbsp;Jun-ying Ma,&nbsp;Duo-long He,&nbsp;Xian-hong Wu,&nbsp;Xiu-min Han,&nbsp;Yong-shun Wang,&nbsp;Hai-qing Liu,&nbsp;Yan-mei Zhao,&nbsp;Ba-rui Liu,&nbsp;Cheng Zeng,&nbsp;Wei Wang,&nbsp;Rui Du,&nbsp;Wen Lei,&nbsp;Guo-ming Su,&nbsp;Ben-jia Zhou,&nbsp;Cheng-xi Song,&nbsp;Yuan-jia Wang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the prevalence of echinococcosis in Yushu Prefecture of Qinghai Province in 2012.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two to three towns were selected in each of Chengduo, Nangqian, Qu malai, Yushu, Zaduo and Zhiduo Counties from June to August in 2012. Ultrasound examination was conducted for residents aged over 1 year, and ELISA was performed to detect serum antibody against Echinococcus. Visceral dissection was performed to detect hydatid infection in rodents and livestock. ELISA was used to detect Echinococcus antigen in collected dog feces.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 7 025 residents received ultrasound examination, of whom 319 showed hydatid cysts with a morbidity rate of 4.54%. ELISA showed a serum antibody positive rate of 16.38% （457/2 790）. The mobidity of hydatid disease was highest in Chengduo County （7.41%, 181/2 444）, and the rate of serum antibody was highest in Yushu County （23.18%, 127/548）. The morbidity and serum antibody in males were 3.91% （118/3 018） and 13.93% （172/1 235） respectively, and those in females were 5.02% （201/4 007） and 18.33% （285/1 555）. In terms of age distribution, the morbidity was relatively higher in residents of 60- （8.39%, 38/453） and 40- years （6.61%, 67/1 014）; and the rate of serum antibody was highest in residents over 70 years （33.93%, 19/56）. In terms of occupation, the morbidity was relatively higher in herdsmen （5.28%, 252/4 777）, Herdsmen-peasants （6.52%, 24/368）, and religious workers（3.37%, 11/326）, while the rate of serum antibody was relatively higher in children（24%, 6/25）, religious workers （18.79%, 31/165） and herdsmen（18.34%, 328/1 788）. In terms of education level, the morbidity and the rate of serum antibody were both highest in the uneducated（5.04%, 41/4 779; 18.34%, 359/1 958, respectively）. In terms of residential pattern, the morbidity and the rate of serum antibody were both highest in those who were settled in winter and nomadic in summer （8.25%, 227/2 753; 19.48%, 158/811, respectively）. There were significant differences in the morbidity and the rate of serum antibody in aspects of residential region, sex, age, occupation, education level and residential pattern (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In 872 rodents detected, the Echinococcus hydatid rate was 0.46% （4/872）, while in 809 cattle and sheep detected, the Echinococcus hydatid rate was 10.14% （82/809）. The fecal antigen positive rate in 838 samples of dog feces was 10.74%（90/838）.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It shows a high morbidity of hydatid diesease and serum antibody positive rate in residents, a high Echinococcus hydatid rate in cattle and sheep, and a high fecal antigen positive rate in dogs in Yushu Prefecture.</p>","PeriodicalId":23981,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo ji sheng chong xue yu ji sheng chong bing za zhi = Chinese journal of parasitology & parasitic diseases","volume":"34 6","pages":"547-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36426306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}